【雅思口語Part2&3話題解析】幫助他人
口語水平的提高需要一段很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間積累的過程,所以找對(duì)口語范文很關(guān)鍵。下面小編給大家?guī)怼狙潘伎谡ZPart 2&3話題解析】幫助他人。
【雅思口語Part 2&3話題解析】幫助他人
今天的題目是醬嬸兒滴:
Describe a time when you helped someone.You should say
who you helped
why you helped this person
how you helped this person
and explain how this person benefited from your help/ how you felt when you helped this person
丨話題分析
首先,答題的時(shí)態(tài),我們應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí)。
題目中的幾個(gè)問題,基本也都把我們描述一個(gè)事件類話題卡的常見的擴(kuò)展角度都覆蓋到了。
時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)/人物/起因/經(jīng)過/結(jié)果
看題面似乎這個(gè)題目挺好說的,但是具體要到一個(gè)具體的經(jīng)歷,似乎又有一些難于表達(dá)。除了可以講到你幫助別人的經(jīng)歷,有的時(shí)候,我們被別人幫助的經(jīng)歷,在改變了主語之后,也是可以說到我們的回答里面去的。
我們把可能講的,也是比較好講的思路擴(kuò)展一下:
學(xué)習(xí)中:
1. 在學(xué)習(xí)中,或者在學(xué)校里,我們一定幫助過別人,或者被別人幫助過。假如你的成績(jī)比較優(yōu)秀,你回去幫助成績(jī)一般的同學(xué)。假如你體育、音樂等其他科目比較強(qiáng),也不可避免需要幫助一下你孱弱的同桌。
In school, I used to be the top student in terms of the exam result. So usually my tablemate come cross any questions on the textbook, he/she will seek for help from me.
My tablemate do not have the talent in taking exam as me, so I share many of my skills of how to prepare for the exam and how to make better use of time during the revision.
2.或者更簡(jiǎn)單一點(diǎn),你的同學(xué)因?yàn)樯眢w或者家里的原因不能來上課,你有沒有幫沒有來上課的同學(xué)交作業(yè)或者抄筆記呢?
I remembered, in my second year in middle high school, my tablemate got a serious injury when he played basketball, so he had to spend two weeks in the hospital. In order to keep up with the progress of study in each subject, I took notes for him and after school, I will explain the key notes to him in the hospital and helped him with the assignment. Since then, we became best friends.
英語優(yōu)勢(shì):
既然你一直在準(zhǔn)備雅思,那么你的英語水平應(yīng)該在你的朋友圈里面是比較優(yōu)秀的,我們可以圍繞你英語的優(yōu)勢(shì)展開描述。比如:
1. 給老外幫助
Help foreigner during the trip/ on the bus/ when they lost their way
2. 給家人制定旅行計(jì)劃、訂機(jī)票
Make sound travel plan for family members/ book airplane tickets for parents.
3. 輔導(dǎo)年紀(jì)小的弟弟妹妹
Help to teach English for my younger sister/ brother/ niece/ nephew
生活中:
常規(guī)但是老套的故事可以講:扶老奶奶過街,給同學(xué)送傘,陪家人看病。我個(gè)人覺得這些故事都略微過時(shí),且其實(shí)不太好去描述。建議大家可以說說,在自己的家里,有沒有幫助長(zhǎng)輩用電子產(chǎn)品,不如如何使用ipad,如何上網(wǎng)下視頻,如何微信發(fā)朋友圈等,應(yīng)該大家都有過類似的經(jīng)歷。
My parents had never used computers/ mobile phones/ Wechat/ Weibo before, so I help them to surf the internet/ download videos from the website/ post photos on the friend circle (moment)
丨下面把題面的幾個(gè)小問題依次分析一下:
Who:
把你幫助的人簡(jiǎn)單描述一下,比如個(gè)你的關(guān)系,以及叫什么,方便后面描述ta的情況。
Why:
原因必然是因?yàn)樗欣щyhad difficulty in doing sth. 根據(jù)之前說的不同的故事,原因也是不同的。
How:
具體幫助的方式,可能是物質(zhì)上的幫助,精神上的安慰,不斷的陪伴,耐心的教導(dǎo)。
Financially support the person/ emotionally comfort him/ constantly accompany him/ patiently instruct him
別人的收獲/我的感受:
前面一種問法,我們的回答無非是問題得到了很好的解決,被幫助的人對(duì)我們充滿了感激。
With my help, the problem had been solved. He was so grateful for what I had done. Since then, he can accomplish the task himself.
我們自己可以獲得的感受,必然是一些幫助別人的滿足感、成就感,或者覺得自己有更多的存在的意義和價(jià)值。
By helping him, I felt a great sense of fulfillment. I somehow figure out the meaning of my existence, that is, to contribute to the well-being of other people, and in this way, to make my life more valuable
丨下面根據(jù)生活中真實(shí)經(jīng)歷,為大家做一個(gè)答題示范:
The experience that I would like to describe today is, I think, about five years ago, when I helped an international student in my university to find where his department is. I remembered it was in the midday in a hot summer. So it was really unbearable. When I went back from somewhere to the campus, I saw a black young boy, who was, of course, a foreigner. His name is Ella. And he came from South Africa and he was a kind of lost his way, so he went to the school janitor to ask for the right direction to his department. But, unfortunately, the janitor cannot speak English. Besides, the most challenging part was that Ella himself didn’t know where to go because he did not print any of his admission letter or orientation guide with him. Some passers-by tried to help him, but they were confused by what he really wanted to go.
When I saw him in great trouble as he carried his two big cases with difficulties, I came to him. After I knew his situation, I decided to take him to the apartment where international students normally lived first. When we arrived in the apartment, he was further assisted by the apartment director and other international students and finally found his way to his school.
All in all, Ella benefited from my help as he successfully found his way to the right place, and for me, it was the first time that I made a foreign friend, so after that, we met several times and establish strong friendship.
雅思口語必要技巧三點(diǎn)
1. Fluency tip(流利要決)
千萬不要用中文式的嗯,阿來停頓,適當(dāng)使用how to say, you know, let me think....進(jìn)行過渡,用來顯示你說英文的自信與自然 !
2. Coherence tip (關(guān)聯(lián)要決)
最好在part 2的獨(dú)白階段適當(dāng)使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞, 像first of all,
并列:also, moreover, in addition, what's more
轉(zhuǎn)折:however, on the other hand, but
結(jié)尾:at last, finally, most important of all (最重要的)
3. Lie tip (謊言要決)
必要時(shí)撒撒謊,for example: what's your favorite sports?
實(shí)際上你最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)是羽毛球,但不會(huì)說怎莫辦,那你乒乓球會(huì)說吧,
這個(gè)謊是不是完全可以撒呀……
I really love playing table tennis, that's my favorite.
這就要看你的演技了,一定要撒個(gè)真誠的謊言:)or make a touching story!
因此口語是要靈活應(yīng)變的,不要太死板.口語考試成功就得要掌握這三個(gè)要決。
雅思口語小心“潛規(guī)則”
潛規(guī)則一:不能只說Sorry
謙虛是中國(guó)人的傳統(tǒng)美德,影響并反映在每一個(gè)中國(guó)人身上。時(shí)至今日還有不少人在奉行著孔子在兩千多年前的信條:“知之為知之,不知為不知,是知也?!边@固然是一種優(yōu)點(diǎn),但在實(shí)際操作的時(shí)候還要講求方法。拿雅思口語考試來說,費(fèi)聞立指出,如果考生不認(rèn)識(shí)或聽不懂考題中的某個(gè)單詞,他們完全有權(quán)利來問考官,而且不會(huì)被扣分。
關(guān)鍵在于怎么問 — 假如你只是說一句Sorry或Sorry, I don’t know,給考官的印象就是你缺乏最基本的社交能力,甚至是一種不禮貌、不友好的態(tài)度,此類考生一定會(huì)被潛規(guī)則掉(即落入最多5分的范圍)。相反,如果你說“Sorry, what does this word mean?”或“Sorry, what does that mean?”或“Sorry, could you please explain this word to me?”,那是完全可以被接受的問話方式。因此,考生在碰到生詞或聽不懂某個(gè)單詞的意思時(shí),第一,切莫慌張(因?yàn)槁牪欢呛苷5氖?;第二;一定要使用得體的語言來詢問考官,千萬不能只說一聲Sorry!
潛規(guī)則二:話語中一定要有something original
先問一個(gè)常識(shí)性的問題,希望大家能不加思考地回答我:如果你是一位雅思口語考官,每次考試要接待30個(gè)考生,而每次問到food時(shí),30個(gè)人都會(huì)異口同聲地說delicious;每次問到What do you think of Shanghai?時(shí),30個(gè)人的開場(chǎng)白都是Shanghai is a beautiful city …,這時(shí)你會(huì)有怎樣的感受和心情?拿費(fèi)聞立的話來說,“You will be bored to death!”(你會(huì)郁悶到死!)直白地說,考官也是人啊,也有人的所有感情及情緒啊,每天都聽到delicious, beautiful, important, international這些陳詞濫調(diào),不煩悶才怪呢!
因此,費(fèi)考官強(qiáng)烈建議考生:You must say something original and don’t say “beautiful” all the time. 也就是說,在考官心目中,原創(chuàng)的精神比什么都重要,再好的詞匯、再優(yōu)美的語言,一旦成了人人口中的陳詞濫調(diào)或“口水話”(英文叫cliché),就比任何東西都要糟糕。就剛才的food問題,我們完全可以說fantastic, incredible, marvelous等表示贊賞的詞,而談到對(duì)Shanghai的看法,情愿用Shanghai is a great city這種更簡(jiǎn)單的語言來避免機(jī)械化的套路。說到原創(chuàng)精神的培養(yǎng),一是多開發(fā)點(diǎn)同義詞和近義詞,來替代原來的cliché;二是多與外教交流,及時(shí)注意他們?cè)谟迷~方面的原創(chuàng)之處。比如老外絕對(duì)不會(huì)去說learn knowledge,而有一次我聽到一位外教說recipients of knowledge(知識(shí)的接受者),我就趕緊記下來,日后可以為我所用。
潛規(guī)則三:最恨兩樣?xùn)|西 — generalized & memorized
在感覺與費(fèi)聞立先生熟絡(luò)了之后,并發(fā)現(xiàn)他的話匣子已經(jīng)打開,我就單刀直入地問他,“What do you hate most in a candidate’s response?”略加思索后,他直言不諱地告訴我,他最恨兩樣?xùn)|西,一個(gè)是過于籠統(tǒng)抽象的回答(generalized response),另一個(gè)是死記硬背的答案(memorized answer),并坦白地說,一旦他發(fā)現(xiàn)有這種傾向性,會(huì)立即糾正或警告考生,而如果考生繼續(xù)一意孤行的話,就把他們直接“打入地獄”。
通常的做法是bring them back to a narrower topic或者interrupt their memorized answer and ask them a very different question,由此可見考官對(duì)整個(gè)考試的操作靈活度是相當(dāng)大的,也同時(shí)對(duì)各位考生提出了一種警示:膽敢用事先背好的答案在資深考官面前“耍大刀”無異于在玩一場(chǎng)極其危險(xiǎn)的游戲,而該游戲的最終失敗者還是你自己!在此給出專家的建議:背誦一些優(yōu)秀的答案的確是有助益的,但需要注意兩點(diǎn),一是盡量把memorized answer內(nèi)化,即變成你思想的一部分或你自己平時(shí)講話的一部分;二是在背誦之后,至少要能用三種不同的方式來復(fù)述一遍。能做到這兩條的考生就能把memorization變作一件有意義的事情!
雅思口語各部分內(nèi)容詳解
考試第一部分叫做“簡(jiǎn)介以及問答”。內(nèi)容涉及生活中的方方面面。其中,hometown, study/work以及accommodation是必考題,并加入其他生活中常見的小話題,比如,birds, meals, language和driving. 雖然考題的話題范圍非常的寬泛,可以說是日常生活中的各種可發(fā)展對(duì)話的話題,可是,任其話題寬泛,卻并沒有任何會(huì)讓考生感到陌生的內(nèi)容。
就出題設(shè)計(jì)而言,是為了考生到國(guó)外生活的日常交往能力,可成為'small talk'。Small talk的中文翻譯是“小對(duì)話”或者“小談”,其實(shí)也真真切切地發(fā)生在我們每天的生活中。就其功能而言,small talk的主要目的是語言功能中的“人際功能”,并帶有一定的“信息功能”,而不強(qiáng)調(diào)其“感情功能”或者“施為功能”等。在英語國(guó)家中,人們常用“small talk”來破冰,維持對(duì)話,減少期間尷尬的沉默,來保持人與人之間的禮貌關(guān)系。所以,對(duì)話的內(nèi)容深度不不做過多的要求,而是更要求談話者講話有一定的長(zhǎng)度,從而發(fā)展對(duì)話,保持對(duì)話關(guān)系。
這也就要求在考試中,能夠回答有一定長(zhǎng)度的內(nèi)容。而不是簡(jiǎn)短的回答問題的信息核心部分。
第二部分考試為“個(gè)人陳述,考官將給考生一個(gè)答題任務(wù)卡,卡上有一個(gè)相關(guān)的話題??忌幸环昼姷臏?zhǔn)備時(shí)間(如筆記),然后需就此話題進(jìn)行1到2分鐘的陳述?!逼湫问揭呀?jīng)由雙方的對(duì)話,變化為考生自己的獨(dú)白。內(nèi)容可是生活中可描述的話題,包括人物,事件,地點(diǎn),物品等。
個(gè)人陳述,也就是presentation,是國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)生活不可或缺的一種重要能力,特別是在大學(xué)中,常常要做個(gè)人陳述,來展示自己論文架構(gòu),或者小組活動(dòng)結(jié)果等。其要求是,能夠讓聽眾能夠清晰地知道講話內(nèi)容,并且在聽時(shí)沒有較大的困難去跟上整個(gè)陳述的思路。
這就要求考試中,除了詞匯和語法的正確運(yùn)用,更加著重提高自己的流利度與連貫度。因?yàn)?,如果一個(gè)陳述丟失了流利度,會(huì)很容易讓聽者失去“聽”的興趣,并造成理解上的困難。同時(shí),一個(gè)陳述如果失去了連貫度,很難讓聽者緊跟演說者的思路,容易失去對(duì)整篇文章的把握。
第三部分考試為“雙向討論,考生將與考生就第二部分中出現(xiàn)的話題較為抽象的部分進(jìn)行雙向討論”??梢钥闯觯荚囆问接肿?yōu)榱嘶?dòng)式,并且在內(nèi)容上從較為常見、易懂的生活化的話題,變成了難尋規(guī)律的、較深?yuàn)W的話題討論。這種要求說話者思維敏捷,知識(shí)淵博的討論(Discussion), 也會(huì)成為國(guó)外生活與學(xué)習(xí)的重要組成部分。
生活中,涉及的上午會(huì)談;學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)中,常常要參加小組討論(Groupwork)。這都要求說話者用詞要精準(zhǔn),說話要有嚴(yán)密的邏輯性,才能說服聽眾。其實(shí)在實(shí)際雅思考試中,這部分考題體面本身也會(huì)較難。所以,考生的回答要基于對(duì)考官提問的精準(zhǔn)理解上。
這部分的考試,又對(duì)考生的詞匯應(yīng)用有了進(jìn)一步的要求。考生要掌握的是在討論不熟悉的話題時(shí),怎樣用自己夠?qū)挿?,夠變化的詞匯去參加討論。并且在過程中,能夠辯論得有理有據(jù),有說服力。講話要前后照應(yīng),有很好的連貫度。即使因?yàn)樵掝}的不熟悉,出現(xiàn)一些流利度上面的問題,也盡量是對(duì)話題的思考,而不是語言上的缺失。
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