找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容 準(zhǔn)確把握托福口語的表達(dá)節(jié)奏

　　托?？谡Z要想提分，就要明白提分的重點(diǎn)在哪里。哪些方面能提分，就往哪個(gè)方向努力。我們有時(shí)會(huì)擔(dān)心，閱讀速度的加快會(huì)影響閱讀理解的準(zhǔn)確率，其實(shí)這是一種誤解。下面就為大家?guī)砣绾螠?zhǔn)確把握新托?？谡Z考試閱讀節(jié)奏。希望能為大家的托福備考帶來幫助。

　　找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容 準(zhǔn)確把握托?？谡Z的表達(dá)節(jié)奏

　　我們有時(shí)會(huì)擔(dān)心，閱讀速度的加快會(huì)影響閱讀理解的準(zhǔn)確率，其實(shí)這是一種誤解。當(dāng)然，盲目追求閱讀速度必然要影響閱讀理解的質(zhì)量。我們應(yīng)該做的是掌握正確的閱讀節(jié)奏：“根據(jù)快和慢兩種速度交替而成的節(jié)奏來變化自己的閱讀速度?！?唱歌因韻律節(jié)奏而動(dòng)聽，說話因輕重緩急而悅耳，閱讀也是一樣，快慢相間的閱讀速度才能收到良好的閱讀效果。

　　我們知道，句子是由詞組成的，但同一句中的各個(gè)詞的分量不盡相同，有的起著關(guān)鍵的作用;段落是由句子構(gòu)成的，然而同一段落中的各個(gè)句子的分量也是不盡相同的，有的是關(guān)鍵句、核心句，有的則起著輔助說明的作用，為闡述中心思想而服務(wù)。這些關(guān)鍵詞、關(guān)鍵句表達(dá)的正是段落的重要信息，抓住了它們就等于抓住了段落的核心，就知道了什么地方應(yīng)該加快速度，什么地方應(yīng)該放慢速度，當(dāng)然也就掌握了閱讀節(jié)奏。

　　一般而言，對(duì)于關(guān)鍵詞和關(guān)鍵句應(yīng)該慢讀，做到充分理解，牢牢把握;而對(duì)非關(guān)鍵詞和非關(guān)鍵句應(yīng)加快閱讀速度，搶出時(shí)間，用以反復(fù)閱讀重點(diǎn)句或歸納總結(jié)。請(qǐng)看下面的示例：

　　例1：閱讀下面的段落：

　　A lot of people think that cultural anthropology is just about studying the special and strange aspects of a society, but anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life that seems so ordinary that the people in the society think they are not significant.

　　閱讀此句，我們不難找到一些關(guān)鍵詞，如：cultural anthropology, the special and strange aspects of life, but, anthropologists, interested, ordinary, significant。這些關(guān)鍵詞反映了此句的主要信息：“許多人認(rèn)為文化人類學(xué)就是研究特殊而奇怪的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，但人類學(xué)家有時(shí)還對(duì)一些人們認(rèn)為不重要的、看起來很普通的生活現(xiàn)象感興趣?！蓖ㄟ^分析關(guān)鍵詞，我們又發(fā)現(xiàn)“but”這個(gè)具有轉(zhuǎn)折意義的連接詞向我們顯示了此句的后半句才是整個(gè)句子的核心部分，它提示我們閱讀時(shí)應(yīng)更加留心閱讀后半句的關(guān)鍵詞，提煉關(guān)鍵信息。因此，我們可以很肯定地確認(rèn)此句最重要的意義應(yīng)該是：“Anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life so ordinary that people don’t think they are significant.”并且也可以很肯定地預(yù)測(cè)，如有下文，也一定是就后半句所反映的核心信息繼續(xù)論述，而不是前半句的。這樣，在閱讀時(shí)，我們就會(huì)把目光把注意力更加有目的地集中在后半句的關(guān)鍵詞上，而對(duì)那些附加修飾、說明的部分，如：修飾people的a lot of 、in the society就可以快速閱讀，甚至略去不讀，因?yàn)樗挥绊懳覀儗?duì)中心意思的理解與把握。

　　例2：閱讀下面的段落：

　　Smell and Memory

　　Scientists are producing an increasing number of findings on the links between smell and memory. The most prominent scientist in this field is Dr. Alan Hirsch, a US neurologist who specializes in the treatment of patients who have lost their sense of smell or taste. He believes that the memories that certain smells bring back to people are not actually as important as the emotions that are associated with the smells. He also argues that our minds filter these emotions in a positive way, making past times seem better than they perhaps were.

　　我們注意到這個(gè)段落的題目是“Smell and Memory”，我們還知道題目是中心思想的反映。據(jù)此，我們可以得知本段主要論述的應(yīng)是smell and memory之間的聯(lián)系，由此找到了關(guān)鍵詞語“the links between smell and memory”(在段首)，而能說明它們之間關(guān)系的句子又是最后一句。所以，這個(gè)段落的核心信息是：“Some smells remind us of a previous thing in a way that is better than the real experience.”由此判定，本段的首尾都需細(xì)心地、稍慢地閱讀，而對(duì)“最著名的;專門治療何種病人的”這樣相對(duì)次要的句子就可以加快閱讀速度。

　　托?？谡Z真題實(shí)例分享

　　很多同學(xué)在準(zhǔn)備托?？谡Z的時(shí)候，不太清楚回答口語問題時(shí)的具體思路是什么，怎樣回答才能拿高分呢?下面結(jié)合托?？谡Z實(shí)例給大家列出了一些參考答案，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。

　　Some cities insist on keeping ancient buildings. Other cities want to destroy them. Which do you prefer and why?

　　Well, I prefer the former one. First of all, ancient buildings are reminders of our past. They tell us where we came from and how we get to where we are now. They provide us with the opportunity to appreciate the achievements and the dreams of our previous generations.They recall our goals and dreams.Secondly, we cannot afford not to preserve the historical buildings because they not only bring us aesthetic enjoyment but also have their own architectural and historical values. They are unique in design and we should preserve them for research.In addition, they can attract many tourists and thus contribute to the economic prosperity of the cities.

　　Which do you prefer, e-reading or traditional reading?

　　Well, as far as I am concerned, I prefer traditional reading.First of all, it’s very comfortable to read traditional books and it doesn’t hurt your eyes as e-reading does. You know computer screens give out radiations which may have some bad effects on your eyes.Second, traditional books are portable. You can read a book whenever you have the time and wherever you are.Most importantly, I like the feeling of turning the pages and taking notes on books. In traditional reading, when I find an important point or an interesting thing, I like to underline the words and write down my ideas. I think this is a sort of interaction between the author and myself and this can increase my enjoyment and deepen (improve) my understanding of the book.

　　Some people prefer to eat out. Others prefer home cooked meals with their family. Which of these types of meal do you prefer? Use specific examples and details for your preference.

　　Well, I prefer home cooked meals.First, the food is definitely clean you don’t have to worry about the sanitary problem.Second, the food is cheaper than in restaurants and you have a free choice of food. You can cook what you like most and enjoy the process of cooking the meals together with your families.Third, I like the feeling of enjoying my meals at home with my families. I like the warm and fragrant atmosphere of home.There is no noise, no hurly-burly, just my family members who love me most, we can talk about many things in the meal and this would enhance our feelings.

　　以上是一篇托?？谡Z實(shí)例，在備考的過程中，往屆真題都是至關(guān)重要的，非常有價(jià)值，大家可以作為參考。