莫斯科是俄羅斯的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、金融、交通中心以及最大的綜合性城市，是一座國(guó)際化大都市。 接下來，小編給大家準(zhǔn)備了英語(yǔ)莫斯科城市,歡迎大家參考與借鑒。

　　英語(yǔ)莫斯科城市

　　Moscow is maddening, sprawling and chaotic, still scruffy in places. And yet it is also stunningly beautiful and vibrant, rich with history, culture and art. More than a decade after the collapse of the Soviet Union(蘇聯(lián)<1922-1991>), Moscow has still not entirely shaken off its Soviet past. More than a few restaurants, hotels and museums seem determined to keep alive Soviet traditions of customer service, but the city is undergoing a rebirth that would have been unthinkable even a few years ago. New boutique hotels(精品旅館) are opening, while old hotels are being renovated to European standards. Restaurants, expensive and not so expensive, offer foods from all over the world.

　　It would be wrong to say the city is a Phoenix rising from the ashes since it never really fell that far, despite seven decades of Soviet rule and a tumultuous transition to a quasi-capitalistic quasi-democracy. It is fair to say, though, that it is regaining its place as one of Europe's thriving, intriguing capitals.

　　The government is now campaigning to make Moscow a tourism capital as well, trying to ease some of the difficulties that seem intended to repel tourists. Very few signs are in any language other than Russian, though the city's handsome Metro plans to start posting station names in the Latin alphabet, as well as the Russian Cyrillic(西里爾字母). The cumbersome, expensive visa-application process requires a letter of invitation (if you're traveling on your own, a Moscow hotel can often arrange one; otherwise, tour operators can do it). Nathela O. Shengelia, director of Russia's new Department of Tourism, is lobbying to ease those rules and end the irritating tradition of charging foreigners more at museums and churches.

　　Moscow, in the end, is worth the petty annoyances, and fall is an ideal time to visit. The short, hot summer has ended, and the long, cold winter has not yet begun. Although the city has experienced sensational, Mafia-style crimes, it is remarkably safe and clean, especially in the center. The city's tourism Web site, www.moscow-guide.ru, says it as only Russians can: ''As beautiful as ever, despite all crises and misfortunes!''

　　擴(kuò)展：工作、薪酬詞匯

　　personnel system 人事制度

　　personnel management 人事管理

　　office hour 辦公時(shí)間

　　company time 工作時(shí)間

　　work hour 工作時(shí)間

　　eight-hour shift 八小時(shí)工作制

　　shift 輪班

　　morning session 上午班

　　evening/night shift 小/大夜班

　　day shift 日班

　　attendance book 簽到本

　　late book 遲到本

　　day off 休息日

　　coffee break 上班中的休息時(shí)間

　　workday 工作日

　　working condition 工作環(huán)境

　　work permit 工作證

　　work overtime 加班

　　holiday rotation 節(jié)假日輪流值班

　　traveling allowance(for official trip) 差旅費(fèi)

　　payroll 工資冊(cè)

　　salary 薪水 (指付給一個(gè)人的固定勞動(dòng)補(bǔ)償)

　　wage 工資 (為勞動(dòng)或服務(wù)所付的報(bào)酬，尤指按小時(shí)、天數(shù)、周或按工作量所付的薪酬)

　　salary raise 加薪

　　windfall 外快

　　annual pension 年薪

　　year-end bonus 年終獎(jiǎng)

　　bonus 獎(jiǎng)金

　　premium 紅利

　　overtime pay 加班費(fèi)

　　punch the clock 打卡

　　time recorder 打卡機(jī)

　　sneak out 開溜

　　internship 實(shí)習(xí)

　　on probation 試用

　　probation staff 試用人員

　　agreement of employment 聘書

　　evaluation of employee 員工考核

　　employee evaluation form 考核表

　　merit pay 績(jī)效工資

　　dock pay 扣薪

　　unpaid leave 無薪假

　　before-tax salary 稅前薪水

　　income tax 所得稅

　　take-home pay/after-tax salary 稅后凈薪

　　release pay 遣散費(fèi)

　　severance pay 解雇費(fèi)

　　salary deduction 罰薪

　　casual leave 事假

　　sick leave 病假

　　“五險(xiǎn)一金”

　　endowment insurance 養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)

　　medical insurance 醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)

　　unemployment insurance 失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)

　　employment injury insurance 工傷保險(xiǎn)

　　maternity insurance 生育保險(xiǎn)

　　housing fund 住房公積金
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