關(guān)于英語(yǔ)數(shù)詞的基本用法
對(duì)于我們英語(yǔ)中的數(shù)詞和數(shù)字的表達(dá)方式,大家知道怎么寫或者是怎么表達(dá)的嗎?接下來(lái),小編給大家準(zhǔn)備了關(guān)于英語(yǔ)數(shù)詞的基本用法,歡迎大家參考與借鑒。
關(guān)于英語(yǔ)數(shù)詞的基本用法
(一)基數(shù)詞的基本用法
1.定語(yǔ)
Fifty thousand London dockers are out on strike.
2.主語(yǔ)
數(shù)詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
如: Two months is quite a long time.
Five is an odd number.
3.賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)
How many do you want? -----Eight, please.
The city has a population of four million.
4.表語(yǔ)
We are altogether fourteen.
Five plus seven is twelve.
5.同位語(yǔ)
What work are you to assign us three?
Is there room for us two?
6.基數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞+形容詞構(gòu)成合成形容詞。如:一個(gè)五歲的男孩a five-year-old boy;一座800米長(zhǎng)的橋an 800-metre-long bridge;女子400米接力girls'400-metre relay race。
7.句型:主語(yǔ)+is +about(大約)/ over =more than(超過(guò))/nearly(接近)+具體數(shù)詞+metre(s)/kilometre(s)/kilo(s)long / high /tall /deep /away等。如:長(zhǎng)江長(zhǎng)6300公里。
The Changjiang River is 6,300 kilometres long.
8.表示“。。。。。。十”的數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式可以用來(lái)表示人的歲數(shù)或年代:
He is in his early thirties.
He died still in his forties.
This took place in the 1930s.
(二)序數(shù)詞的基本用法
1.序數(shù)詞主要用作定語(yǔ),前面一般要加定冠詞(或物主代詞):
Tom is their second son.
They celebrated1 the 10th anniversary of the founding of the republic.
I will never give up, not even on the 1,000th or 10,000th try.
2.有時(shí)前面可以加一個(gè)不定冠詞來(lái)表示“再一”, “又一”這樣的意思:
We’ll have to do it a second time.
Shall I ask him a third time?
When I sat down, a fourth man rose to speak.
3.First,second 等有時(shí)可用來(lái)表示“第一個(gè)人(批)”“第二個(gè)人”等:
She was among the first to come and settle in Dujiashan.
You will be the second to speak.
4.如果數(shù)字較長(zhǎng),序數(shù)詞總避免使用,而且讀的方法也常常簡(jiǎn)化:
第201房間: Room 201
第319面: page 319
第一拖拉機(jī)廠:the Number I Tractor Works
第六號(hào)車廂:Carriage No.6
南京路1490號(hào):1490 Nanjing Road
電話號(hào)碼55――2347:telephone number : 55—2347
5. 在談編了號(hào)的東西時(shí),我們可以用基數(shù)詞表示順序:
the first part------part one
the third squad------squad three
the twenty-third section----section twenty-three
擴(kuò)展:特殊數(shù)字的表示法
(一)年 月 日表示法
1. 年代 年代前用 in.
( in ) 897 讀作 ( in ) eight hundred and ninety-seven
( in ) 1961 讀作 ( in ) nineteen sixty-one (或 in nineteen hundred and sixty-one)
( in ) 1905 讀作(in ) nineteen and five
( in ) 1800 讀作( in ) eighteen hundred
2. 月份 月份開頭第一個(gè)字母須大寫,表示“在某月”時(shí), 月份前面用 in。下面月份后附有縮寫式。
( in ) January Jan. ( in ) March Mar1. ( in ) December Dec.
3. 日期 用序數(shù)詞(前需要加the)表示; “ 在某日”, 前面用介詞on.
( on ) the first ( on ) the eighteenth ( on ) the thirty-second
4. 某年 某月 某日
in Sep. 1954 on May 17, 1960 on Oct. 1, 1949(讀作on October the first, nineteen forty-nine)
注:當(dāng)年月日完全用數(shù)字表示時(shí), 美國(guó)人把月放在日前。 8,6,79在英國(guó)表示June the eighth (79年6月8日), 但是在美國(guó)卻表示August the sixth (79年8月6日)。
(二)時(shí)刻表示法
1.英語(yǔ)通常用at所引導(dǎo)的表示時(shí)刻。如:
( at ) six or six o’clock
( at ) eight or eight o’clock
2.如說(shuō)幾點(diǎn)幾分,用下面的方法
a)表示幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分,用介詞, 但分?jǐn)?shù)須在半小時(shí)以內(nèi)包括半小時(shí)。如:
eleven past seven
a quarter past eight
half past nine
b)表示幾點(diǎn)差幾分,用介詞to, 但分?jǐn)?shù)需要在半小時(shí)以上不包括半小時(shí)。 如:
two to seven
a quarter to eight
eighteen to nine
注:上午可以用am表示,下午用pm表示,例如:
9.50am 11.05pm
(三)分?jǐn)?shù)詞表示法
1.分?jǐn)?shù)詞是以基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞合成的,基數(shù)詞代表分子,序數(shù)詞代表分母,除了分子是“1”的情況外,序數(shù)詞都是用復(fù)數(shù),(分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,分子大于“1”,分母則加“s”)如:
1/4 one-fourth 2/3 two-thirds 7/9 seven-ninths 5/12 five-twelfths
2.另外還有下面一些表示法:
1/2 (one) a half 1/4 a (one ) quarter 3/4 three-quarters
(四)小數(shù)的表示法
7.8 ------seven point eight
0.4---------zero point four
0.125----- zero point one two five
603.09---six hundred and three point oh nine
小數(shù)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)較多:
Its total industrial output2 value was up 5.6 times in these years.
Our grain output is now 2.4 times that of 1970.
(五)百分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法
百分?jǐn)?shù)由per cent 表示,常常和by連用,作狀語(yǔ)也可單獨(dú)作狀語(yǔ):
Its total output value increased by 11.5 per cent over the previous year.
The output of cars in the U. S. last year was 24 per cent less than in 1973.
有時(shí)用作定語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)等:
The loss3 of metal has been reduced to less than 20%.
The March figure for output value registered4 a 37% increase over February.
(六)倍數(shù)的表示法:
一倍用once,兩倍用 twice,兩倍以上用基數(shù)詞+times。如:5倍five times。
(七)一些數(shù)學(xué)公式的讀法:
3+8=11 Three plus eight is eleven.
9-7=2 Nine minus5 seven is two.
a>b a is more than b.
a
(八)約數(shù)的表示法
?、?“多于”用more than 或over
This room can hold more than (=over) 500 people.這間屋子能容納500多人。
?、?“少于”用less than
There are less than thirty balls in the basket.籃子里不到三十個(gè)球。
?、?“或……以上”用or more
The music hall can hold 7000 people or more.音樂(lè)廳能容納7000人或7000人以上。
?、?“或……以下”用or less
The house can hold 50 people or less. 這座房子可容納50人或50人以下。
?、?“大約”用about, around, nearly等
The box weights about 50 pounds.這個(gè)箱子重約50磅。
?、?“左右”用or so
In the past ten years or so , they have changed a lot.在過(guò)去的十年左右的時(shí)間里,他們改變了許多。