托業(yè)七大題型詳解:ShortReadings
為了幫助大家備考托業(yè),下面小編給大家?guī)硗袠I(yè)七大題型詳解:Short Readings,預(yù)祝大家取得高分。
托業(yè)七大題型詳解:Short Readings
Short Readings
Format
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Part VII is the longest part of TOEIC. It's also the last part, so you may be starting to get tired. However, you need to stay focused on the test for a little longer. (Of course, if you want, you may work on part VII before you work on parts V and VI.)
Part VII consists of short reading passages followed by questions about the passages. There are four possible answer choices for each question. You must pick the best answer choice based on the information in the passage and then mark that answer on your answer sheet.
The Passages
There are from twelve to fifteen passages. Most are quite short. Some consist of only three or four sentences; the longest have around 150 words. The passages deal with a wide variety of topics and involve many different types of written materials.
There are from two to five questions per passage for a total of 40 questions. They include these three main types:
1. Overview questions
2. Detail questions
3. Inference questions
_Overview questions occur after most of the passages. To answer overview questions correctly, you need a "global" (overall) understanding of the passage. The most common overview question asks about the purpose or the main topic of the passage:
What does this article mainly discuss?
What is the purpose of this letter?
Why was this notice written?
Some ask about the best title or heading of a passage:
What is the best heading for this announcement?
Which of the fo/lowing is the best title for the article?
Other overview questions ask about the writer of the passage, the readers of the passage, or the place of publication:
In what business is the writer of the passage?
What is the author's opinion of ____ ?
Who would be most interested in the information in this announcement?
For whom is this advertisement intended?
Where was this article probably published_Detail questions, the most common type of Part VII question, ask about specific points in the passage. You will usually have to scan the passage to find and identify the information. Sometimes the answer and the information in the passage do not look the same. For example, a sentence in a passage may read "This process is not as simple as it once was." The correct answer may be "The process is now more complex."
Some detail questions are negative questions. These almost always include the word NOT, which is printed in uppercase (capital) letters:
Based on the information in the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
Negative questions usually take longer to answer than other detail questions.
_A few questions in Part VII are inference questions. The answers to these questions are not directly stated in the passage. Instead, you must draw a conclusion about the information that is given. Some typical inference questions:
Which of these statements is probably true?
Which of the following can be inferred from this notice?
Answer Choices
All are believable answers to the questions. Incorrect choices often contain information that is presented somewhere in the passage but does not correctly answer the question.
A Note About Vocabulary
Most of the vocabulary in the passages consists of relatively common English words and phrases, but there will certainly be expressions that you do not know. However, you can understand most of a reading and answer most of the questions even if you don't know the meaning of all the words. Also, you can guess the meaning of many unfamiliar words in the passages through context. In other words, you can use the familiar words in the sentence in which an unfamiliar word appears to get an idea of what the unfamiliar word means.
Tactics
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1. First, look at the passage quickly to get an idea of what it is about.
2. Next, read the questions about _Detail questions, the most common type of Part VII question, ask about specific points in the passage. You will usually have to scan the passage to find and identify the information. Sometimes the answer and the information in the passage do not look the same. For example, a sentence in a passage may read "This process is not as simple as it once was." The correct answer may be "The process is now more complex."
Some detail questions are negative questions. These almost always include the word NOT, which is printed in uppercase (capital) letters:
Based on the information in the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
Negative questions usually take longer to answer than other detail questions.
_A few questions in Part VII are inference questions. The answers to these questions are not directly stated in the passage. Instead, you must draw a conclusion about the information that is given. Some typical inference questions:
Which of these statements is probably true?
Which of the following can be inferred from this notice?
Answer Choices
All are believable answers to the questions. Incorrect choices often contain information that is presented somewhere in the passage but does not correctly answer the question.
A Note About Vocabulary
Most of the vocabulary in the passages consists of relatively common English words and phrases, but there will certainly be expressions that you do not know. However, you can understand most of a reading and answer most of the questions even if you don't know the meaning of all the words. Also, you can guess the meaning of many unfamiliar words in the passages through context. In other words, you can use the familiar words in the sentence in which an unfamiliar word appears to get an idea of what the unfamiliar word means.
Tactics
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1. First, look at the passage quickly to get an idea of what it is about.
2. Next, read the questions about
托業(yè)聽力成績提高法精聽
一些學(xué)生在參加托業(yè)(TOEIC)考試的時(shí)候,存在一個(gè)很普遍的現(xiàn)象,那就是語法還不錯(cuò)但聽力卻一般。可能有的人會說那是因?yàn)闆]有好的語言環(huán)境。這種說法比較片面,本人覺得根本原因是聽力基本功沒有練好,也就是“精聽”這關(guān)沒有過!其實(shí)托業(yè)聽力和閱讀一樣,也可以分為“精聽”和“泛聽”。對于那些想提高托業(yè)聽力的網(wǎng)友來說,“精聽”是一個(gè)必須的過程。而“精聽”也有它遵循的步驟:
1、先泛聽一遍或幾遍,弄懂大概意思。
2、再仔細(xì)地聽,可以一句一句反復(fù)地聽,把聽到的內(nèi)容寫下來。
3、把自己聽寫的跟原文相對照,閱讀原文,弄懂原文意思。
4、根據(jù)自己所聽的和原文的意思,再仔細(xì)聽,直至聽明白每一個(gè)詞為止。
在進(jìn)行精聽的時(shí)候,還要注意發(fā)音中的一些小細(xì)節(jié),比如單詞的連讀,弱讀,爆破等??梢圆捎酶x的方式,這樣,不光練習(xí)了聽力,你的口語水平也會提高的。此外,還要做到“耳腦并用”,在練聽的同時(shí),屏棄中國式的思維方式。
托業(yè)聽力部分的應(yīng)考策略及樣題分析
Part I: 圖片題(Photographs)
簡單的來說,就是看圖說話。你會看到如下的一張圖片 。
你需要聽出來的是四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中哪一項(xiàng)的描述了這張圖片。
(A) They’re leaving the room.
(B) They’re turning on the machine.
(C) They’re standing near the table
(D) They’re reading the newspaper.
這道題的正確答案是C。
很多人看這張圖片的第一反應(yīng)是他們正在討論某個(gè)話題。但是在被選項(xiàng)中,卻沒有出現(xiàn)discuss這個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞。因此,對于圖片題來說,切忌先入為主,設(shè)定關(guān)鍵詞。你需要做的就是尋找選項(xiàng)與圖片之間的吻合度。大多數(shù)情況下正確答案都是對這個(gè)場景的第三方描述。
Part II: 問答題(Question-Response)
這部分的題目給考生帶來的困擾來源于從考題獲得的信息量偏少。
你可以看到僅僅是 Mark your answer on the answer sheet
你不但要聽題干,更要聽被選項(xiàng)。例如:
Ms. Morikawa has worked here for a long time, hasn’t she?
(A) At three o’clock.
(B) No, I’ve lost my watch.
(C) More than ten years.
答案是C。你需要設(shè)身處地從題干的角度來選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)幕卮稹V袊耐瑢W(xué)已經(jīng)習(xí)慣從選項(xiàng)中推測對話的內(nèi)容,做到心中有數(shù)。但是這里你沒有辦法這么去做,因此對于你的實(shí)際環(huán)境里的交流能力作出了測試。
Part III: 對話題(Conversations)
這部分是中國考生最熟悉的類型。聽取一段對話,大約4句,然后回答2-3道問題。例如:
(Woman) I think I’ll have to take the train to the regional sales meeting up in the city next week.
(Man) don’t you usually drive when you go to those meetings? I thought you didn’t like to take the train.
(Women) I don’t, but the highway’s being repaired, and I’m afraid I might be late if I have to make a detour through an area I don’t know very well.
(Men) you’re right. and it’ll be expensive to park up there, too
你需要回答一些問題諸如
Why is the woman going to the city?
(A) To attend a sale考試大論壇
(B) To go to a meeting
(C) To get her car repaired
(D) To go on a tour
在這個(gè)題目中就明顯的包含了幾種常見的可能出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤。比如,原文當(dāng)中有detour(繞開)這個(gè)詞,而D選項(xiàng)中tour來迷惑考生。整個(gè)對話的主題是圍繞著交通展開的,會讓考生錯(cuò)誤的選擇C選項(xiàng)。正確的答案是B,因?yàn)楸绢}問的是女生去城市的目的,而不是手段。正確的信息來源是 to regional meeting。
商業(yè)托福考生考試心得分享:關(guān)于我的870
在8月28的托業(yè)考試我得了440+430=870 雖然不是非常高的分,但應(yīng)一個(gè)網(wǎng)友的要求,我想談?wù)勎覍ν袠I(yè)考試的心得。
在開始之前 我覺得有幾點(diǎn)很有必要申明
1 我只對我在整個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)過程中做過的事談?wù)劊瑳]有做的,或事后覺得可能會有用的想法我不會提出來,因?yàn)闆]有自己去做,可行性值得推敲。
2 每個(gè)人的英語基礎(chǔ)不同,學(xué)習(xí)方法各異,我的方法不見得就是適用于你的,僅供參考。
3 我的英語基礎(chǔ):4級87 6級73。所以在開始借鑒我的方法時(shí)多考慮你的英語處于怎樣的水平,不要盲目照搬。
4 學(xué)習(xí)英語是個(gè)漫長的過程,要的是持之以恒,沒有捷徑。請不要寄希望于靠神奇的方法來使英語突飛猛進(jìn)。
5 我是大四學(xué)生,迫于找工作需要,考的TOEIC。我認(rèn)為它對英語水平提高沒有什么幫助。所以,想考的同學(xué)要清楚自己考這個(gè)目的是什么,不要什么熱就考什么。
一 報(bào)名:
報(bào)名的步驟很簡單,可以到托業(yè)官網(wǎng)去看看??偟膩碚f就是匯款+注冊。我報(bào)名是通過電話與大連一個(gè)指定點(diǎn)聯(lián)系后報(bào)名的,除了匯款,其余的程序都在網(wǎng)上完成的。是打電話到一個(gè)指定點(diǎn),由他們指導(dǎo)報(bào)名流程,非常便捷。
二 復(fù)習(xí)材料準(zhǔn)備:
現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)上似乎托業(yè)真題是很難找,我在假期前去學(xué)校的圖書館借了兩本ETS出的托業(yè)模擬題集,好象是個(gè)在托業(yè)和ETS領(lǐng)域干了很多年的老頭寫的。再配了磁帶,就放假回家開始準(zhǔn)備了。建議書買比較新的版本,我的那本就很老了,98年出的,我在考試中就發(fā)現(xiàn)聽力和閱讀與練的出入挺大。
至于托業(yè)詞匯,聽力資料什么的,我沒有找到,所以不妄做評論。
三 準(zhǔn)備過程:
首先明確一點(diǎn),這是個(gè)水平考試,一切都是以你現(xiàn)有的基礎(chǔ)來作準(zhǔn)備的。不要想一下就達(dá)到什么水平,你所做的只是完美的體現(xiàn)出你的水平,而非通過考試來提高你的水平。我在回家前做了一套模擬題,720分,但是答的太快,涂完卡還剩了30分鐘,覺得沒有充分發(fā)揮水平。后來慢慢做,剩個(gè)20分鐘左右的速度,開始穩(wěn)定在770左右。所以先摸清楚你的水平,再做其他打算。
其次,我沒有做單項(xiàng)針對練習(xí),都是一套套做的。我認(rèn)為適應(yīng)這個(gè)題量和時(shí)間是很重要的。
我的學(xué)習(xí)方法:
閱讀單選部分:
通過幾套題后,我意識到,后100題雖然簡單(每次可以保持在錯(cuò)12道左右),但是在上面拿更高的分很難了,因?yàn)槟切┗A(chǔ)性的東西是很難短時(shí)間提高的。所以把精力放在后100題是不明智的。
聽力部分:
聽力部分則是托業(yè)的重點(diǎn)。聽力決定了你的成績是否能拔尖。聽力部分總分比閱讀單選部分多十分。我一開始聽力要錯(cuò)25個(gè)左右,而且連續(xù)很多套題我都是穩(wěn)定在錯(cuò)25個(gè),說明的確是水平考試,光練題聽力似乎沒有什么進(jìn)展。我沒有其他資料,就采取以下的方法:
1 模擬一套題后,對完答案,開始反復(fù)聽聽力部分,一道一道的聽。通常是聽上3,4遍還是聽不懂,就看聽力原文。接著把不熟悉的詞匯和表達(dá)記到一個(gè)本子上。再反復(fù)聽,達(dá)到一種程度——就是不動腦筋就聽懂了就行。因?yàn)槲铱谡Z一直學(xué)的是美語,對美語的發(fā)音習(xí)慣比較了解,所以很容易進(jìn)入狀態(tài)。想要聽力提高,和你的口語發(fā)音,詞匯記憶是很有關(guān)系的。如果你讀的記的都是錯(cuò)的,又怎么能聽懂呢。建議注意區(qū)分美音和英音。
2 每天堅(jiān)持聽一篇VOA STANDARD。方法同上,直到聽得明明白白。不建議聽SPECIAL,太慢了,只能拖慢你的聽力。要聽就聽正常語速的。
這樣堅(jiān)持了8套題,但是我覺得還是沒有什么起色,不過我相信我的目前水平還沒有完全展示,繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)就行了。在假期斷斷續(xù)續(xù)(光玩了)做了這8套后(那時(shí)候好象還沒有上800),很沮喪的提前回到學(xué)校繼續(xù)練習(xí)。
在學(xué)校宿舍一個(gè)人,平靜多了,開始安心學(xué)習(xí)。還是那套方法,多了一個(gè)詞匯筆記和單選改錯(cuò)的錯(cuò)題集。
逐漸的,我發(fā)現(xiàn)托業(yè)聽力有規(guī)律可循,就兩個(gè)字“邏輯”。很多聽力內(nèi)容都遵循這個(gè),問什么,答什么,都有很強(qiáng)的邏輯性。尤其是PART2 一定要注意聽清第一句話的疑問詞,WHERE WHEN WHAT還是什么,答案就跑不了了。
我聽力的考試技巧是這樣的:
開始試音,迅速開始看PART4部分,一直看到PART1的試音結(jié)束,開始答PART1。PART2開始試音時(shí)開始看PART3,看多少算多少。PART3試音時(shí)開始重新看PART3。
PART2:一定要注意聽清第一句話的疑問詞,WHERE WHEN WHAT還是什么,用正常的邏輯推理,答案就很明確了。
PART3:練習(xí)多了同學(xué)會發(fā)現(xiàn)PAET3有些對話根本不用聽完,如果你預(yù)先看了選項(xiàng),聽前兩句就能得到答案了,后面的信息大多是用來輔助說明的。但也有些陷阱什么的,不過占少數(shù)。
PART4:PART4的預(yù)讀很重要,同時(shí)時(shí)間也是最充足的。因?yàn)橥ǔJ锹犕晡覀兓揪瓦x完了,而考題卻還要逐道的說“現(xiàn)在請答...題”。這個(gè)時(shí)間就可以用來看下面的題了。
除了邏輯性外,還要注意,如果沒有聽懂,千萬不要在那里思考,一旦停頓,會嚴(yán)重影響你后面的答題。沒聽懂就立刻放下,做下一個(gè)。
這樣堅(jiān)持練習(xí),嚴(yán)格按照考試模擬,對這門考試就能很好應(yīng)付了,也能體現(xiàn)出你的真實(shí)水平了。我回學(xué)校后的第2套題終于上了800,然后發(fā)現(xiàn)模擬練習(xí)基本就停留在840左右了,我的閱讀沒有什么變化,但是聽力是明顯好多了,能保持在錯(cuò)15個(gè)左右。聽力對80個(gè)以上,總分上800就很容易了。
之后我保持了考前一天一套模擬題,最后27號休息一天,27號下午到了大連,28號考完。
兩周后查到成績 聽力440 閱讀430,總分870。
最后我想說的是,個(gè)人的學(xué)習(xí)方法都不同,能自己找到適合自己的路。考試時(shí)調(diào)整好心態(tài),相信實(shí)力到了,自然能得那些分?jǐn)?shù)。這個(gè)過程中,我認(rèn)為我提高的只是考試的技巧,而TOEIC對于英語的提高真是微乎其微。希望大家還是注重平時(shí)的積累和學(xué)習(xí),注重英語的聽和說的應(yīng)用,而不是為了考證書而學(xué)習(xí)英語。我很喜歡英語,希望大家也能喜歡并享受學(xué)習(xí)英語的過程。
都考個(gè)好成績呀!!
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