gre和專(zhuān)八哪個(gè)難
GRE考試在英語(yǔ)考試的難度中可以說(shuō)是還是比較大的，而在國(guó)內(nèi)，英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)考試可以說(shuō)是非常難的了，有人就會(huì)將GRE和專(zhuān)八作比較，究竟哪一種考試難度更大呢?為解決這個(gè)疑問(wèn)，收集整理了一些資料，供大家參考。
gre和專(zhuān)八哪個(gè)難
在眾多的出國(guó)留學(xué)的考試中，大家不免就會(huì)將這些考試來(lái)做比較。比較這些考試所需的詞匯量、比較整體考試所需的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間等等。都是英語(yǔ)考試，國(guó)內(nèi)的一些考試也是被大家拿出來(lái)進(jìn)行比較。
比如這個(gè)問(wèn)題。GRE和專(zhuān)八哪個(gè)難度比較大呢?回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題，需要不少的知識(shí)做鋪墊，在這里智課妞就為解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行相關(guān)資料的收集整理，幫助大家對(duì)這兩種考試有更深入的了解。
GRE和專(zhuān)八難度對(duì)比：
都說(shuō)GRE考試難度高，那么其難度究竟有多高呢?
英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)堪稱(chēng)國(guó)內(nèi)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)證書(shū)中難度最高的一種，它與GRE相比難度又如何?
下面小編就為大家稍作介紹。
考試形式有本質(zhì)區(qū)別
首先新GRE考試是一門(mén)英語(yǔ)考試，但是只是形式上的英語(yǔ)考試，本質(zhì)上它和其它所有的英語(yǔ)考試有著天壤之別。大家不要忘了新GRE考試是美國(guó)研究生入學(xué)考試，是為了檢驗(yàn)一個(gè)本科生有沒(méi)有能力進(jìn)入研究生院進(jìn)行深造。
因此新GRE考試是一種能力的考試，是對(duì)一種思考、創(chuàng)新等科研所必須的綜合能力的檢驗(yàn)，只不過(guò)它是美國(guó)這樣一個(gè)英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的考試，所以就是所謂的形式上的英語(yǔ)考試。
GRE考試詞匯量秒殺專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)
新GRE考試詞匯量要求就要高于英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)八，即使考過(guò)英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)八的同學(xué)，也要在詞匯量方面，進(jìn)行鞏固與加強(qiáng)，才能將新GRE考試拿下。對(duì)比新GRE考試難度和專(zhuān)八難度則不好比較，有重點(diǎn)的復(fù)習(xí)是關(guān)鍵。
看完上文內(nèi)容，想必大家對(duì)于兩項(xiàng)考試的難度也有了一定的了解。其實(shí)，單純意義上的難度比拼并沒(méi)有太大意義，能夠考過(guò)其中一門(mén)考試的人，也不一定就能順利通過(guò)另一門(mén)考試，只有踏踏實(shí)實(shí)地備考復(fù)習(xí)，才是考生應(yīng)對(duì)GRE考試最好的方法。
TIPS：英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)考試知識(shí)科普
英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)考試(TEM-8，Test for English Majors-Band 8)，全稱(chēng)為全國(guó)高校英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)考試。自1991年起由中國(guó)大陸教育部實(shí)行，考察全國(guó)綜合性大學(xué)英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)生。英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)考試是由高等學(xué)校外語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)教學(xué)指導(dǎo)委員會(huì)主辦的(非教育部主辦)。它在每年的三月份舉辦一次，考試在上午進(jìn)行，題型包括聽(tīng)力、閱讀、改錯(cuò)、翻譯和寫(xiě)作。 考試內(nèi)容涵蓋英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)、讀、寫(xiě)、譯各方面，2005年又加入人文常識(shí)。筆試形式考核。口試另外考核，名稱(chēng)為“英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)口語(yǔ)與口譯考試”。
GRE閱讀題目解析:守窩長(zhǎng)尾石龍子
Our study revealed that nest-guarding long-tailed skinks (a species of lizard) homed (returned to their nests) more successfully when displaced shorter distances. There are two reasons why homing success rates decreased with increasing displacement distance. One possibility is that females were simply displaced too far to find their way home. However, this is unlikely given that some individuals managed to find their way home from each distance we used. The second possibility deals with trade-offs between the risks associated with making a long return trip and the benefits of returning. Animals should expend energy only when the associated costs are low. As reptiles increase the time spent moving, their daily energy expenditure increases dramatically. The energetic costs of returning home and the chances that the eggs will have been preyed upon during the return trip both increase substantially as displacement distance increases. For example, the 130 hours (5.5 days) that female skinks spent returning from a distance of 300 meters is sufficient for an egg-eating snake to locate and prey upon the entire clutch. However, females with larger clutches were more likely to home at distances over 50 meters. For these females, the relative fitness benefits associated with having more eggs successfully hatch may outweigh the energetic costs of returning to a nest site, even if the nest may have already been preyed upon.
1. The primary purpose of the passage is to
A. question the validity of research on nest-guarding behavior in long-tailed skinks
B. consider explanations for a finding regarding long-tailed skinks
C. discuss the importance of homing for long-tailed skinks
D. describe the relationship between clutch size and homing success in long-tailed skinks
E. identify the benefits of a behavior common among long-tailed skinks
2. The claim in the highlighted sentence assumes which of the following about the individuals that managed to find their way home from each distance?
A. They were less able to detect egg-eating predators than were the other long-tailed skinks studied.
B. They were more averse to risk than were the other long-tailed skinks studied
C. They expended less energy when homing than did the other long-tailed skinks studied.
D. They did not possess better homing skills than did the other long-tailed skinks studied.
E. They had significantly smaller clutches than did the other long-tailed skinks studied.
3. The "second possibility" implies which of the following as a possible explanation for the female long-tailed skinks that failed to home from distances over 50 meters ?
A. They had relatively small clutches
B. They were unable to find their way home
C. They lacked sufficient energy to home successfully
D. They had male long-tailed skinks guarding their clutches
E. They detected evidence of egg-eating snakes In the vicinity of their nests.
P46
1
Our study revealed that nest-guarding long-tailed skinks (a species of lizard) homed (returned to their nests) more successfully when displaced shorter distances.
我們的研究顯示，守窩長(zhǎng)尾石龍子(一種蜥蜴)被移動(dòng)的距離越短，返家(回窩)成功率越高。
2
There are two reasons why homing success rates decreased with increasing displacement distance.
隨移動(dòng)距離變長(zhǎng)回窩成功率變低的原因有二。
3
One possibility is that females were simply displaced too far to find their way home.
一種可能，單純是因?yàn)榇剖堊颖灰苿?dòng)得太遠(yuǎn)，找不到家了。
4
However, this is unlikely given that some individuals managed to find their way home from each distance we used.
然而，這不大可能，因?yàn)橐恍﹤€(gè)體無(wú)論被移動(dòng)多遠(yuǎn)，都成功回窩。
5
The second possibility deals with trade-offs between the risks associated with making a long return trip and the benefits of returning.
第二種可能，涉及 在 長(zhǎng)途跋涉回家的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 與 回到的好處 之間權(quán)衡利弊。
6
Animals should expend energy only when the associated costs are low.
動(dòng)物理應(yīng)在相關(guān)代價(jià)較低時(shí)消耗能量。
7
As reptiles increase the time spent moving, their daily energy expenditure increases dramatically.
因?yàn)榕佬袆?dòng)物移動(dòng)慢，它們一整天消耗的能量劇增。
8
The energetic costs of returning home and the chances that the eggs will have been preyed upon during the return trip both increase substantially as displacement distance increases.
隨著被移動(dòng)的距離增加，回窩要消耗的能量，以及在此期間蛋被吃掉的幾率都增加了。
9
For example, the 130 hours (5.5 days) that female skinks spent returning from a distance of 300 meters is sufficient for an egg-eating snake to locate and prey upon the entire clutch.
比如說(shuō)，雌石龍子花 130 小時(shí)(5.5 天)跋涉 300 米回窩，已經(jīng)足夠蛇定位以及吃掉所有的蛋。
(clutch 一次產(chǎn)或孵的蛋)
10
However, females with larger clutches were more likely to home at distances over 50 meters.
然而，守著大窩的雌性仍然更可能在被移動(dòng)超過(guò) 50 米的情況下回窩。
11
For these females, the relative fitness benefits associated with having more eggs successfully hatch may outweigh the energetic costs of returning to a nest site, even if the nest may have already been preyed upon.
對(duì)于這些雌性來(lái)說(shuō)，讓更多蛋成功孵化的相對(duì)適應(yīng)性利益，超過(guò)了回窩會(huì)消耗的能量，即便蛋可能已經(jīng)被吃了。
(fitness 最早講這個(gè)概念在 15 / 36 P1，有興趣的同學(xué)去翻
基因適應(yīng)度，指特定條件下，某個(gè)體讓自己的基因進(jìn)入后代基因庫(kù)的能力，也就是讓自己攜帶的基因盡量延續(xù)下去的能力。
)
1. The primary purpose of the passage is to
A. question the validity of research on nest-guarding behavior in long-tailed skinks
B. consider explanations for a finding regarding long-tailed skinks
C. discuss the importance of homing for long-tailed skinks
D. describe the relationship between clutch size and homing success in long-tailed skinks
E. identify the benefits of a behavior common among long-tailed skinks
選 B
評(píng)估 對(duì) 一項(xiàng)關(guān)于長(zhǎng)尾石龍子的觀察發(fā)現(xiàn) 的多種解釋。
finding 就是有的回窩，有的不回。
2. The claim in the highlighted sentence assumes which of the following about the individuals that managed to find their way home from each distance?
A. They were less able to detect egg-eating predators than were the other long-tailed skinks studied.
B. They were more averse to risk than were the other long-tailed skinks studied
C. They expended less energy when homing than did the other long-tailed skinks studied.
D. They did not possess better homing skills than did the other long-tailed skinks studied.
E. They had significantly smaller clutches than did the other long-tailed skinks studied.
選 D
難題。
首先在于問(wèn)法，即對(duì)于那些被移動(dòng)多遠(yuǎn)都回窩了的石龍子，這句話(huà)隱含了什么假設(shè)。
One possibility is that females were simply displaced too far to find their way home. However, this is unlikely given that some individuals managed to find their way home from each distance we used.
不妨把句 3 - 4 連起來(lái)看。
句 3 說(shuō)，一些雌石龍子不回家，單純是因?yàn)檎也坏铰妨?，to far to find their way home 。句 4 則否認(rèn)了這種可能 this is unlikely，因?yàn)橛幸恍┦冀K要回家，也成功地回了家。
看到這里，如果你足夠敏銳，就該意識(shí)到這樣一種情況：可能有一只，它想回家，但因?yàn)檎也坏铰?，只能在外面瞎打轉(zhuǎn)干著急。
文中有提到這樣的，想回家又回不了的石龍子嗎?
沒(méi)有。
后文提到了兩種情況，一種是想了想不回了因?yàn)椴恢?言外之意，想回還是能回的)，一種是想過(guò)了無(wú)論如何要回也確實(shí)回去了。
你注意到了嗎，兩種情況的區(qū)別只在于 trade-offs 對(duì)收益與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的權(quán)衡，不在于認(rèn)路的能力，即文章的作者認(rèn)為所有石龍子都一樣認(rèn)路，想回家就一定能找到路。
這就是這句話(huà)隱含的假設(shè)：回家的并不比其他更認(rèn)路。
現(xiàn)在做完這道題，你認(rèn)為作者在文中的論證是否存在問(wèn)題?其結(jié)論是否成立?
其實(shí)，這道題非常犀利地指出了文章邏輯的不足。作為一項(xiàng)意在考察蜥蜴是否回家的研究，竟然因?yàn)橛械尿狎娉晒丶?，就假設(shè)所有蜥蜴都像上帝一樣認(rèn)路?；仡^再看看，這道題中竟然一個(gè)科學(xué)家的名字都沒(méi)出現(xiàn)過(guò)，我懷疑這篇 “ 文章 ” 是 ETS 編的，而不是改寫(xiě)的，故意賣(mài)個(gè)邏輯上的破綻好出題。
3. The "second possibility" implies which of the following as a possible explanation for the female long-tailed skinks that failed to home from distances over 50 meters ?
A. They had relatively small clutches
B. They were unable to find their way home
C. They lacked sufficient energy to home successfully
D. They had male long-tailed skinks guarding their clutches
E. They detected evidence of egg-eating snakes In the vicinity of their nests.
選 A
注意問(wèn)法，從 “ second possibility ” 出發(fā)推斷可能的解釋。根據(jù)句 10 - 11 可選出 A 。其實(shí) B / C / E 都是比較有可能的推測(cè)，只是因?yàn)槲恼碌倪壿嬋毕?，三者都得不到表達(dá)。
GRE閱讀題目解析:河生雌鳚魚(yú)選擇巢穴
P44
When selecting a nest, the female of the river blenny (a small fish) appears to be sensitive to both size and orientation. Blennies deposit their eggs preferably in nests under large stones and in nests facing southeast. Southeast-facing nests contain larger egg clutches, a fact that cannot be completely explained by differences in nest stone sizes. Moreover, in a recent study, current speeds upstream of the nest and at the nest entrance were similar for nests facing southeast and those facing in other directions. A southeast-facing entrance per se thus seems to be the specific nest feature preferred by females, rather than the effect of selective positioning on current at nest entrance. The reasons for this preference are unclear, however.
1. The passage is concerned with which of the following
A. Determining the different ways in which current speeds can influence the nesting preferences of female river blennies
B. Establishing nest orientation as a determining factor in egg laying among female river blennies
C. Questioning the importance of nest size as an influence on egg laying among female river blennies
D. Comparing the features of female river blennies that face southeast with those of nests facing in other directions
E. Examining how female river blennies determine the relative importance of nest size versus nest orientation
2. The author of the passage considers “current speeds” in order to
A. identify a factor that undermines the significance of nest stone size for female river blennies
B. indicate one possible advantage of river blenny nests that do not face southeast
C. eliminate a possible explanation for a nest orientation tendency among female river blennies
D. indicate why female river blennies are sensitive to both size and orientation of possible nests
E. suggest a reason why many female blennies prefer southeast-facing nests
P44
1
When selecting a nest, the female of the river blenny (a small fish) appears to be sensitive to both size and orientation.
選擇巢穴時(shí)，河生雌鳚魚(yú)(一種小魚(yú))似乎對(duì)大小和朝向都有挑剔。
(
鳚 [blenny]
鱸形目鳚亞目許多種魚(yú)類(lèi)的統(tǒng)稱(chēng)。大多體型小，海產(chǎn)，廣布于熱帶到寒帶海域。體細(xì)長(zhǎng)如鰻。生活于各種生境，包括巖潭、沙灘、礁盤(pán)和藻床。多數(shù)生活于淺水，但有些可深至水下450米處。有些主要為草食性，有些則部分或完全為肉食性。一般為底棲，沒(méi)有多少經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。
(大英袖珍百科)
Australian blenny (Ecsenius axelrodi) in East Timor.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blennioidei)
)
2
Blennies deposit their eggs preferably in nests under large stones and in nests facing southeast.
鳚魚(yú)更喜歡把卵產(chǎn)在大石下以及朝向東南的巢中。
3
Southeast-facing nests contain larger egg clutches, a fact that cannot be completely explained by differences in nest stone sizes.
產(chǎn)在朝向東南的巢中的卵更大，這無(wú)法用巢的大小完全地解釋。
4
Moreover, in a recent study, current speeds upstream of the nest and at the nest entrance were similar for nests facing southeast and those facing in other directions.
此外，最近一項(xiàng)研究顯示東南朝向與其他朝向，巢受水流沖刷的速度與巢口的水流速度都相近。
(這里翻譯不是很確定，坦白一下我的想法。
upstream 逆流的，向上游的
upstream of the nest 我理解為，巢是不動(dòng)的，upstream of the nest 指水流沖刷巢，也就是那塊石頭的速度
有不同理解請(qǐng)留言指導(dǎo)我)
5
A southeast-facing entrance per se thus seems to be the specific nest feature preferred by females, rather than the effect of selective positioning on current at nest entrance.
所以，入口西南朝向本身，似乎是雌魚(yú)擇巢的特征，而不是因?yàn)槌部谒魉俣榷x擇巢口的朝向。
6
The reasons for this preference are unclear, however.
然而，這種偏好的原因仍未探明。
1. The passage is concerned with which of the following
A. Determining the different ways in which current speeds can influence the nesting preferences of female river blennies
B. Establishing nest orientation as a determining factor in egg laying among female river blennies
C. Questioning the importance of nest size as an influence on egg laying among female river blennies
D. Comparing the features of female river blennies that face southeast with those of nests facing in other directions
E. Examining how female river blennies determine the relative importance of nest size versus nest orientation
選 B
確定巢的朝向是河生雌性鳚魚(yú)產(chǎn)卵的決定因素。
establish 此處解釋為 確定、證實(shí)。
A 錯(cuò)。句 5 告訴我們，水流速度沒(méi)啥區(qū)別 similar 。
C 錯(cuò)。文章沒(méi)有質(zhì)疑大石偏好，只在句 2 提了一下：Blennies deposit their eggs preferably in nests under large stones and in nests facing southeast.
D 錯(cuò)在 features of female river blennies，沒(méi)有討論魚(yú)，只討論了巢，水流什么的。
E 錯(cuò)。沒(méi)有比較兩種因素哪個(gè)更重要。
2. The author of the passage considers “current speeds” in order to
A. identify a factor that undermines the significance of nest stone size for female river blennies
B. indicate one possible advantage of river blenny nests that do not face southeast
C. eliminate a possible explanation for a nest orientation tendency among female river blennies
D. indicate why female river blennies are sensitive to both size and orientation of possible nests
E. suggest a reason why many female blennies prefer southeast-facing nests
選 C
去掉一種可能的解釋。
需要讀懂整段才能做對(duì)：
魚(yú)產(chǎn)卵有兩種偏好，大石頭，開(kāi)口朝東南。文段著重討論了開(kāi)口朝向的問(wèn)題，但也只能通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)推出，魚(yú)這么選跟水流速度無(wú)關(guān)，至于真正的原因，目前還不知道。
綜上，選 C 。
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