考研英語(yǔ)一閱讀題真題和參考答案
閱讀理解一向是考研英語(yǔ)各種題型中難度大，得分率較低的一個(gè)題型，在考試的前夕，大家也可以收集一些歷年的真題，今天學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理了考研英語(yǔ)一中的閱讀題真題和答案知識(shí)，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
考研英語(yǔ)一閱讀題真題及答案
“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,” wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.
At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.
Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.
Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands' inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.
Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.
The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.
26. Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph 1 indicates
[A] her conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.
[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.
[C]the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.
[D] her appreciation of star watchers’ feats in her time.
27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to
[A] its geographical features.
[B] its protective surroundings.
[C] its religious implications.
[D] its existing infrastructure.
28. The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because
[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.
[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.
[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.
[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.
29. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today’s astronomy
[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.
[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.
[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.
[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians’ hostility.
30. The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of
[A] severe criticism.
[B] passive acceptance.
[C] slight hesitancy.
[D] full approval.
答案：26-30 ABBAD
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解考前提示
提醒一：一個(gè)中心，牢記心中
做閱讀題時(shí)要從整體把握，閱讀每一段的中心句，找出這個(gè)中心句的關(guān)鍵詞。解題時(shí)要謹(jǐn)記文章的中心主旨和各段落的大意，其實(shí)閱讀理解考的就是這個(gè)"中心句"。
提醒二：按序出題，迅速定位
每一個(gè)問(wèn)題在原文中都要有一個(gè)定位，而且命題人是按順序出題的。如果你認(rèn)為不是，很有可能就是你做錯(cuò)了。文章基本以5段為主(也有6段、7段的)，要把握每段之間的關(guān)系。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，一段一個(gè)題，只是一般來(lái)說(shuō)哦。
提醒三：常考題型，解題秘訣
我們把閱讀理解題型分為7種：推理題,例證題,詞匯題,句子理解題,指代題,主旨題,態(tài)度題.
閱讀理解題型分析
推理題
推理題一般包括數(shù)字推理,知識(shí)推斷和邏輯推理,它主要考察我們理清上下邏輯關(guān)系的能力，可以算是各類(lèi)題型中最難的一種(我錯(cuò)的最多的一種，所以首先總結(jié)它的規(guī)律)。推理題常?？疾榭忌嘘P(guān)的判斷、推理和引申理解作者的意圖、觀(guān)點(diǎn)或態(tài)度等，邏輯詞常用的有:"infer,imply,suggest,conclude"等。
秘訣：1.看是否通過(guò)題干返回原文(或根據(jù)選項(xiàng)返回)
2.依據(jù)原文的意思進(jìn)行:三錯(cuò)一對(duì)"的判斷
3.注意推理時(shí)的"最近答案"原則
注意:不要"想的太多,推得太遠(yuǎn)."推理題的答案很大程度上是原文的重現(xiàn)不易定非要經(jīng)過(guò)邏輯推理從原文得出。
例證題
例證題要求考生：區(qū)分論點(diǎn)和論據(jù);理解文章的總體結(jié)構(gòu)以及單句之間、段落之間的關(guān)系:主要是考察考生通過(guò)段落,句子來(lái)推測(cè)文章的主旨,支持的觀(guān)點(diǎn)等.
標(biāo)記詞有："example,illustrate,case,exemplify,illustration"等。
秘訣：1.返回原文,找出該例證出現(xiàn),即給該例證定位
2.90%向上,10%向下,搜索該例證周?chē)膮^(qū)域,找出例證支持的觀(guān)點(diǎn).找出該論點(diǎn),并與四個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較,的出選項(xiàng)中與該論點(diǎn)最一致的正確答案.
注意:舉例的目的是為了支持論點(diǎn),例子看不懂也沒(méi)關(guān)系
3.錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)特征就是就事論事!
4.常識(shí)判斷
如果一個(gè)選項(xiàng)僅僅符合常識(shí),不一定是answer，如果不符合常識(shí),一定不是answer
詞匯題
詞匯題主要測(cè)試考生⑤根據(jù)上下文正確推測(cè)判斷詞義的能力。標(biāo)志是：Theword"…"inline…refersto…
秘訣:1.返回原文,找出該詞匯出現(xiàn)的地方
2.注意結(jié)合上下文,理解該詞的意思
3.可判斷該詞匯是否超綱,如果是綱內(nèi)詞匯,則字面意思,必然不是正確答案
4.詞匯的正確答案,經(jīng)常蘊(yùn)藏在原文該詞出現(xiàn)的前后
句子理解題
句子理解題要求考生：理解文中的具體信息;理解文中的概念性含義
秘訣：1.返回原文，找到該句子。
2.對(duì)原句進(jìn)行語(yǔ)法和詞義上的精確剖析,應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)抓原句的字面含義,不要進(jìn)行歸納,演繹,推理.
3.一般說(shuō)來(lái),選項(xiàng)中的正確答案意思與原句完全相同,只不過(guò)是用其他英語(yǔ)詞匯表達(dá)而已.正確選項(xiàng)與原句之間沒(méi)有任何推理關(guān)系。
指代題
指代題主要考察考生整體理解文章的能力，并推斷出該處指代詞所代表的含義。
秘訣：1.返回原文，找出題的指代詞.
2.向上搜索,找最近的名詞,名詞性詞組或句子.
3.將找到的詞,詞組或句子代入,替換該指代詞,看意思是否通順.
4.將找到的詞,詞組與四個(gè)選項(xiàng)想比較,找出最佳答案.
主旨題
主旨題：理解主旨要義,主要測(cè)試考生對(duì)短文整體理解概括的能力。一般是第一或最后一個(gè)題。標(biāo)志詞有："mainlyabout;mainlydiscuss;besttitle;digest"等。
秘訣：1.注意首段和各段第一句話(huà),將其含義連接成一個(gè)整體
2.小心"首段陷阱",不要一看開(kāi)頭就選擇答案.(參考94年第2篇最后一題)
3.快速作文法解題.做題前可以自己思考一下"如果是我寫(xiě)這個(gè)題目,我會(huì)怎么寫(xiě)?"
(篇七)態(tài)度題
態(tài)度觀(guān)點(diǎn)題主要考察考生：理解作者的意圖,觀(guān)點(diǎn)或態(tài)度的能力.標(biāo)志詞:attitude,purpose等.
秘訣:1.精確理解四個(gè)選項(xiàng)詞語(yǔ)的含義
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