TED英語(yǔ)演講：拯救生命的溫暖擁抱
每年全球出生的2000萬(wàn)早產(chǎn)兒中，接近400萬(wàn)活不過(guò)第一個(gè)月就死去了，特別是在那些貧窮地區(qū)。他們中的大部分因失去體溫而死，因?yàn)楫?dāng)?shù)貨](méi)有2萬(wàn)美元的昂貴保暖箱，為此她和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)用7年時(shí)間研發(fā)了一款嬰兒保溫袋，拯救了數(shù)十萬(wàn)早產(chǎn)兒。下面是小編為大家收集關(guān)于TED英語(yǔ)演講：拯救生命的溫暖擁抱，歡迎借鑒參考。
演說(shuō)題目：拯救生命的溫暖擁抱!
演說(shuō)者：JaneChen
Please close your eyes, and open your hands. Now imagine what you could place in your hands: an apple, maybe your wallet. Now open your eyes. What about a life?
請(qǐng)閉上眼睛，打開(kāi)雙手，想象下,你們的手中可以放些什么? 一只蘋(píng)果?或者錢(qián)包? 請(qǐng)睜開(kāi)眼睛. 你曾否想過(guò)一個(gè)生命?
What you see here is a premature baby. He looks like he's resting peacefully, but in fact he's struggling to stay alive because he can't regulate his own body temperature. This baby is so tiny he doesn't have enough fat on his body to stay warm. Sadly, 20 million babies like this are born every year around the world. Four million of these babies die annually.
這是一個(gè)早產(chǎn)兒。 看起來(lái)，他似乎在安睡，但實(shí)際上，他正與死神作斗爭(zhēng)。 因?yàn)樗麩o(wú)法調(diào)節(jié)自己的體溫。 這個(gè)嬰兒實(shí)在太小了， 他沒(méi)有足夠的脂肪來(lái)維持體溫。 很悲哀...每年都有兩千萬(wàn)這樣的嬰兒 誕生在世界上。 其中的四百萬(wàn)無(wú)法存活。
But the bigger problem is that the ones who do survive grow up with severe, long-term health problems. The reason is because in the first month of a baby's life, its only job is to grow. If it's battling hypothermia, its organs can't develop normally, resulting in a range of health problems from diabetes, to heart disease, to low I.Q. Imagine: Many of these problems could be prevented if these babies were just kept warm.
但更嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題是，如果他們僥幸存活 一些慢性病將伴隨他們一生。 因?yàn)樵趮雰赫Q生的第一個(gè)月 他們唯一要做的就是成長(zhǎng)。 如果體溫不穩(wěn)定，器官不能正常發(fā)育 隨之而來(lái)的，就是一連串健康問(wèn)題 如糖尿病，心臟病， 或弱智。想象下，這些問(wèn)題本可避免 只要能讓嬰兒保暖。
That is the primary function of an incubator. But traditional incubators require electricity and cost up to 20 thousand dollars. So, you're not going to find them in rural areas of developing countries. As a result, parents resort to local solutions like tying hot water bottles around their babies' bodies, or placing them under light bulbs like the ones you see here -- methods that are both ineffective and unsafe. I've seen this firsthand over and over again.
給嬰兒保暖是恒溫箱的主要功能。 但傳統(tǒng)的恒溫箱需要電源 且售價(jià)高達(dá)2萬(wàn)美元。 在發(fā)展中國(guó)家的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)，恒溫箱根本不存在。 因此，父母?jìng)冎荒芫偷厝〔?，如在早產(chǎn)兒身體周?chē)壣蠠崴畨?或如你們所看的這張圖，將早產(chǎn)兒放在燈泡下-- 這些方法效果差，且不安全。我多次親眼目睹這些慘劇。
On one of my first trips to India, I met this young woman, Sevitha, who had just given birth to a tiny premature baby, Rani. She took her baby to the nearest village clinic, and the doctor advised her to take Rani to a city hospital so she could be placed in an incubator. But that hospital was over four hours away, and Sevitha didn't have the means to get there, so her baby died.
頭幾次去印度時(shí)，我遇到了這樣一位年輕的女性，Sevitha，她剛剛誕下了一個(gè)瘦小的早產(chǎn)兒，Rani。 她帶著孩子去了村子里最近的診所， 醫(yī)生建議她帶Rani去市區(qū)的醫(yī)院 把Rani放在恒溫箱里。 但去醫(yī)院要花四個(gè)多小時(shí)。 Sevitha沒(méi)辦法去， 于是，她的寶貝走了。
Inspired by this story, and dozens of other similar stories like this, my team and I realized what was needed was a local solution, something that could work without electricity, that was simple enough for a mother or a midwife to use, given that the majority of births still take place in the home. We needed something that was portable, something that could be sterilized and reused across multiple babies and something ultra-low-cost, compared to the 20,000 dollars that an incubator in the U.S. costs.
由這個(gè)故事，及其他類(lèi)似的故事中受到啟發(fā)， 我和我的團(tuán)隊(duì)意識(shí)到，必須要有一個(gè)能夠就地取材的辦法， 一個(gè)可不插電的工具， 簡(jiǎn)單易用，不會(huì)難倒母親和產(chǎn)婆， 因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)的嬰兒仍然是在家中被接生的。 這個(gè)工具需方便攜帶， 能夠被消毒，并給不同的嬰兒重復(fù)使用， 價(jià)格得極其便宜， 遠(yuǎn)低于兩萬(wàn)美元， 這就是我們要設(shè)計(jì)的恒溫箱。
So, this is what we came up with. What you see here looks nothing like an incubator. It looks like a small sleeping bag for a baby. You can open it up completely. It's waterproof. There's no seams inside so you can sterilize it very easily. But the magic is in this pouch of wax. This is a phase-change material. It's a wax-like substance with a melting point of human body temperature, 37 degrees Celsius. You can melt this simply using hot water and then when it melts it's able to maintain one constant temperature for four to six hours at a time, after which you simply reheat the pouch. So, you then place it into this little pocket back here, and it creates a warm micro-environment for the baby.
這就是我們的成果。它看起來(lái)一點(diǎn)也不像個(gè)恒溫箱。反似嬰兒用的睡袋。你可以把它完全打開(kāi)。它是防水的。無(wú)縫設(shè)計(jì)，便于消毒。但神奇的地方就在這一包蠟里。這是一種漸變性材料。 形似蠟，融點(diǎn)為人體體溫 37攝氏度。用熱水就可以把它融化 當(dāng)它融化時(shí)，它將保持恒定的溫度 每次維持4到6小時(shí)，之后，你可以對(duì)包囊再加熱。 將它放在背后的小口袋里，它會(huì)為嬰兒營(yíng)造 一個(gè)溫暖的小環(huán)境。
Looks simple, but we've reiterated this dozens of times by going into the field to talk to doctors, moms and clinicians to ensure that this really meets the needs of the local communities. We plan to launch this product in India in 2010, and the target price point will be 25 dollars, less than 0.1 percent of the cost of a traditional incubator.
看似簡(jiǎn)單，但我們?yōu)榇硕啻卧煸L當(dāng)?shù)氐尼t(yī)生，母親，診所 以確保它能滿(mǎn)足當(dāng)?shù)氐囊蟆Ｎ覀冇?jì)劃于2010年在印度投放該產(chǎn)品。目標(biāo)價(jià)格定為每只25美元，不到傳統(tǒng)恒溫箱 價(jià)格的0.1%。
Over the next five years we hope to save the lives of almost a million babies. But the longer-term social impact is a reduction in population growth. This seems counterintuitive, but turns out that as infant mortality is reduced, population sizes also decrease, because parents don't need to anticipate that their babies are going to die. We hope that the Embrace infant warmer and other simple innovations like this represent a new trend for the future of technology: simple, localized, affordable solutions that have the potential to make huge social impact.
在接下來(lái)的五年，我們希望能夠救助一百萬(wàn)名嬰兒。但它長(zhǎng)期的社會(huì)影響是降低人口增長(zhǎng)。聽(tīng)起來(lái)似乎有違常理，但只要嬰兒的死亡率降低，人口也將減少，因?yàn)楦改競(jìng)儾挥脫?dān)心孩子會(huì)過(guò)早夭折而生更多的孩子。我們希望這款"溫暖的擁抱" 以及其他類(lèi)似的小創(chuàng)新 能代表未來(lái)科技的趨勢(shì)：簡(jiǎn)約化，本土化，經(jīng)濟(jì)化，這將對(duì)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨大影響力。
In designing this we followed a few basic principles. We really tried to understand the end user, in this case, people like Sevitha. We tried to understand the root of the problem rather than being biased by what already exists. And then we thought of the most simple solution we could to address this problem. In doing this, I believe we can truly bring technology to the masses. And we can save millions of lives through the simple warmth of an Embrace.
在設(shè)計(jì)中，我們遵循了一些基本的法則。我們急用戶(hù)之所急，想用戶(hù)之所想，了解Sevitha他們的需求。我們努力挖掘問(wèn)題的根源 不受表面現(xiàn)象的影響。我們希望尋找最簡(jiǎn)單的方法來(lái)解決問(wèn)題。這樣一來(lái)，我相信科技必將造福于大眾。通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的"溫暖的擁抱"，我們可以拯救許多生命。
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