江澤民在劍橋的演講

校長(zhǎng)先生，同學(xué)們，老師們，女士們，先生們：

Students and Faculty, Ladies and Gentlemen:

我感謝布羅斯校長(zhǎng)的邀請(qǐng)，使我有機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)到久負(fù)盛名的劍橋大學(xué)訪問(wèn)．

I would like to thank you, Sir Alec Broers, Vice-Chancellor, for the invitation, which brings me to the famous Cambridge University.

能夠與青年朋友們聚集一堂，共同討論人類如何在新世紀(jì)里迎接挑戰(zhàn)、創(chuàng)造更加美好的未來(lái)，我感 到十分高興．

It gives me great pleasure to be together with young friends in a discussion on how mankind should rise up to the challenge in the new century and build a better future.

劍橋大學(xué)是具有 700 多年歷史的世界著名學(xué)府，曾培養(yǎng)出牛頓、培根、彌爾頓、拜倫、達(dá)爾文等 對(duì)人類進(jìn)步事業(yè)作出杰出貢獻(xiàn)的偉大科學(xué)家、思想家和詩(shī)人．

Cambridge University is a world-renowned university with a history of more than 700 years. It has nurtured great scientists, thinkers and poets such as Newton, Bacon, Milton, Byron and Darwin, who made outstanding contribution to the
progress of mankind.

今天，劍橋大學(xué)作為獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)學(xué)者最多的大學(xué)，在世界高等學(xué)府中依然居于顯要的地位．

Today, Cambridge University, which has produced more Nobel Prize winners than any other university, still takes a significant place among all the institutions of higher learning in the world.

50 多年前，在我上大學(xué)的那個(gè)年代，就有不少的中國(guó)年輕學(xué)子向往到劍橋負(fù)笈求學(xué)．

Over fifty years ago when I was a university student, many young Chinese students were longing for an opportunity to come and study in Cambridge.

劍橋大學(xué)與中國(guó)交往的歷史，早在上個(gè)世紀(jì)之交就開(kāi)始了．

This university began its contacts with China as early as the beginning of the last century.

一百年前，劍橋大學(xué)開(kāi)設(shè)了漢語(yǔ)課程．

A hundred years ago, Cambridge started the Chinese language course.

貴校已故的李約瑟博士在中國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)界享有很高的聲名．

The late Dr. Joseph Needham of Cambridge University enjoyed a high prestige in the Chinese academic circles.

他傾注畢生心血撰寫(xiě)的《中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)史》，是一部研究中國(guó)古代科學(xué)技術(shù)和文明成就的鴻篇巨制．

He devoted his entire life to the writing of Science and Civilization in China, a monumental work for study on ancient Chinese science and technology and cultural achievements.

100 年來(lái)，許多中國(guó)學(xué)者不遠(yuǎn)萬(wàn)里到劍橋求學(xué)訪問(wèn)，中國(guó)杰出的數(shù)學(xué)家華羅庚就是其中最著名的代表．

For 100 years, many Chinese scholars, best represented by Mr. Hua Luogeng, an outstanding Chinese mathematician, have traveled long distances to study in Cambridge.

今天，中國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)界和劍橋大學(xué)繼續(xù)保持著良好的交流與合作．

Today, the Chinese academic community still maintains good exchanges and cooperation with Cambridge.

這對(duì)加強(qiáng)中英人民的文化交流和友誼，推進(jìn)科技和思想進(jìn)步產(chǎn)生了積極的作用和影響．

This has played a positive role in and exerted a sound influence on enhanced cultural exchanges and friendship between the Chinese and British people and progress in science and technology as well as in thinking.

20 世紀(jì)，人類創(chuàng)造的物質(zhì)和精神財(cái)富，超過(guò)了以往任何一個(gè)時(shí)代．
In the 20th century, mankind has created material and spiritual wealth unmatched by any other time in history.

令人遺憾的是，人類在這 100 年中也經(jīng)歷了前所未有的苦難，特別是遭受了兩次世界大戰(zhàn)的浩劫．

Regrettably, it is also in these 100 years that humanity has experienced unprecedented hardships, particularly the havoc of the two world wars.

但是世界的歷史從來(lái)是由世界人民創(chuàng)造和書(shū)寫(xiě)的，因而正義總會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝邪惡，光明總會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝黑暗，進(jìn) 步總會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝落后，人類必然會(huì)不斷地克服艱難險(xiǎn)阻，向著美好的未來(lái)開(kāi)拓前進(jìn)．

However, it is always the people of the world that make and write world history. In this sense, justice will inevitably prevail over evil, light over darkness and progress over backwardness. Mankind will undoubtedly keep on overcoming difficulties and obstacles, blaze new trails and steadily move forward to a better future.

21 世紀(jì)就要到來(lái)，世界人民雖然仍面臨著很多嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)，可以肯定地說(shuō)，人類也面臨著巨大的 發(fā)展機(jī)遇．

The 21st century is approaching. The people of the world still face many tough challenges, but definitely they also see enormous opportunities for development.

只要世界人民同心協(xié)力，形成戰(zhàn)勝一切挑戰(zhàn)的巨大力量，人類文明進(jìn)步的航船就必將乘風(fēng)破浪地前 進(jìn)．

So long as the people of the world work in unison and form a strong force to tackle all challenges, mankind with its civilization will continue to march forward against all odds. like a ship braving the wind and the waves. People of different countries have traversed different roads of historical development. Each nation with its own cultural background, social system and value, will continue to lead a life in its own way.

世界是豐富多彩的．

The world is colorful and diversified.

各國(guó)人民走過(guò)了不同的歷史發(fā)展道路，有著不同的文化背景、社會(huì)制度和價(jià)值觀念，延續(xù)著不同的 生活方式．

People of different countries have traversed different roads of historical development. Each nation with its own cultural background, social system and value, will continue to lead a life in its own way.

這種多樣性正是世界充滿競(jìng)賽、活力和創(chuàng)新的根本原因．

This diversity is the very reason why the world is full of competition, vigor and innovation.

各國(guó)之間應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)交流和了解，在相互尊重和平等相待的基礎(chǔ)上共同前進(jìn)，而不應(yīng)讓這種多樣性成 為阻礙各國(guó)人民攜手共進(jìn)的隔閡，更不應(yīng)人為地從中挑起對(duì)立和沖突．

Countries should enhance exchanges and understanding, and move ahead together on the basis of mutual respect and equality. They should not allow the diversity to be a barrier to their forward march, still less should they deliberatel y provoke confrontation and conflict.

尊重和發(fā)展世界文明的多樣性，并在這種多樣性中找到共同利益之所在，是人類社會(huì)向前發(fā)展的偉 大動(dòng)力．

To respect and develop the diversity of world civilization and identify therefrom common interests are a great driving force propelling human society forward.

這里，我想就中國(guó)的發(fā)展這個(gè)題目談一些我的看法，希望有助于諸位對(duì)中國(guó)的了解．

Here, I want to share with you some of my thoughts on China's development, in the hope that it will give you a better understanding of my country.

中華人民共和國(guó)剛剛度過(guò)了 50 歲的生日．

The People's Republic of China has just celebrated its 50th anniversary.

對(duì)于綿延 5000 多年的中華文明而言， 50 年只是彈指一揮間．

Fifty years are but a brief moment for Chinese civilization that has been going on for more than 5,000 years.

然而，在這 50 年中，中國(guó)這個(gè)古老的國(guó)度發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化，面貌煥然一新．

However, in the past 50 years, earth-shaking changes have taken place on this ancient Chinese land. It has taken on a completely new look.

近代中國(guó)是一個(gè)半殖民地半封建的社會(huì)，

China in modern history was a semi-colonial and semi- feudal society.

國(guó)勢(shì)衰弱，外強(qiáng)侵入，國(guó)土淪喪，生靈涂炭．

It was weak, feeble and fell a prey to foreign invasion, with lots of land annexed and its people plunged into an abyss of misery.

中國(guó)人民為改變這種悲慘命運(yùn)，進(jìn)行了頑強(qiáng)的抗?fàn)帲?
The Chinese people fought tenaciously to change their miserable destiny.

從上世紀(jì)中葉到本世紀(jì)中葉，中國(guó)人民在苦斗中經(jīng)歷了多次挫折和失敗，但始終不屈不撓，最后在 中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下取得了民族獨(dú)立和人民解放，建立了新中國(guó)．

From the middle of the last century to that of this century, the Chinese people went through setbacks and defeat in their struggles, but they never yielded. Finally, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, they won national independence and liberation and founded New China.

從此，中國(guó)歷史的發(fā)展進(jìn)入了嶄新的時(shí)代．

From then on China entered a completely new era of development in its history.

掌握了自己命運(yùn)的中國(guó)各族人民，終于可以在一個(gè)獨(dú)立、統(tǒng)一、和平、穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境中意氣風(fēng)發(fā)地建 設(shè)自己的國(guó)家，實(shí)現(xiàn)振興中華的偉大理想．

The Chinese people of all ethnic groups, who have taken their destiny in their own hands and enjoy independence, unity, peace and stability, are now able to devote all their energy to the cause of building up their country and realize the lofty ideal of national rejuvenation.

中國(guó)人民十分珍惜經(jīng)過(guò)艱苦卓絕的奮斗而取得的當(dāng)家作主的權(quán)利，十分珍惜經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期艱辛的探索而 開(kāi)辟的建設(shè)有中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義這一正確的發(fā)展道路．

They deeply cherish their hard-won right to be masters of the country and the right past to development, that is ,building socialism with Chinese characteristics. This is a road they have found after years of difficult exploration.

歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)都告訴我們，只有始終不渝地堅(jiān)持這一切，中國(guó)才能持續(xù)發(fā)展，中國(guó)人民才能過(guò)上幸福 美好的生活．

Both history and realities tell us that only by adhering to all this can China obtain a sustainable development and the Chinese people lead a happy life.

經(jīng)過(guò) 50 年的艱苦創(chuàng)業(yè)，中國(guó)的綜合國(guó)力、社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力和人民生活水平大幅度提高．

Our strenuous efforts in the past 50 years have brought about a substantial boost in the overall national strength and social productivity and a marked improvement of people's livelihood.

從 1952 年到 1958 年，中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值年均增長(zhǎng)百分之七點(diǎn)七，明顯高于同期世界年平均增 長(zhǎng)百分之三左右的水平．

From 1952 to 1998, China's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.7%, much higher than the world average of 3% in the same period.

現(xiàn)在，中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)總量排名世界第七，外匯儲(chǔ)備世界第二，進(jìn)出口總額世界第十一．

Its economic aggregates are the 7th largest in the world, its foreign exchange reserves the second largest, and its total foreign trade volume the 11th
largest.

在過(guò)去 20 年間，中國(guó)農(nóng)村貧困人口減少了兩億多，百分之九十五以上的農(nóng)民過(guò)上了溫飽有余的生活．

In the past two decades, the poverty- stricken population in its rural areas has been reduced by more than 200 million, and more than 95% of farmers have got enough and to spare.

中國(guó)人口的預(yù)期壽命由新中國(guó)成立前的 35 歲提高到目前的 71 歲，成人文盲率由百分之八十下 降到百分之十六點(diǎn)五．

Life expectancy has increased from 35 years prior to the founding of New China to the current 71. The illiteracy rate among adults has dropped from 80% to 16.5%.

中國(guó)的物質(zhì)文明建設(shè)和精神文明建設(shè)都取得了舉世矚目的成就，

Remarkable achievements have been scored in both the material and spiritual civilization.

舊中國(guó)積貧積弱的狀況已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)返了．

Gone forever are the days in which China was poor and weak.

國(guó)際輿論評(píng)論說(shuō)：“中國(guó)只用了一代人的時(shí)間，取得了其他國(guó)家用了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)才能取得的成就”．

There are comments from world opinion: “ It has taken China only on generation to achieve what would have taken other countries several centuries to accomplish
” .

中國(guó)建設(shè)的成就，不僅為中國(guó)的未來(lái)發(fā)展奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，而且也為促進(jìn)亞洲和世界的和平穩(wěn)定作 出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)．

What China has accomplished has not only laid a solid foundation for its future development, but also constituted enormous contribution to peace and stability of Asia and the world at large.

中國(guó)所以能在短短的幾十年間成就這樣的大業(yè)，是由于在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下全國(guó)各族人民實(shí)現(xiàn)了前 所未有的大團(tuán)結(jié)，是由于中國(guó)人民找到了有中國(guó)特色的社會(huì)主義道路，并從優(yōu)秀的民族文化傳統(tǒng)與 時(shí)代精神的結(jié)合中獲得了強(qiáng)大的精神動(dòng)力．

The reason why China can achieve so much in the short space of several decades lies with the unprecedented unity that the people of all ethnic groups have attained under the leadership of the CPC. It can also be attributed to the road of building socialism with Chinese characteristics that the Chinese people have found and to the inspiration that the Chinese nation has drawn from its fine tradition and culture as well as the spirit of the new era.

沒(méi)有自己精神支柱的民族是沒(méi)有前途的．

A nation without a spirit to support it has no future.

要正確把握中國(guó)已經(jīng)發(fā)生和將要發(fā)生的事情，需要了解中國(guó)人民的基本價(jià)值觀念．

To have a good understanding of what has happened and what will happen in China, it is absolutely necessary to know the basic Chinese values.

中華民族歷來(lái)尊重人的尊嚴(yán)和價(jià)值．

The Chinese nation has always valued human dignity and value.

還在遙遠(yuǎn)的古代，我們的先人就已提出“民為貴”的思想，認(rèn)為“天生萬(wàn)物，唯人為貴”，

Even in the ancient days, our ancestors came up with the idea of people being most important, believing that “ man is the most valuable among all the things that heaven fosters ” .

一切社會(huì)的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步，都取決于人的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步，取決于人的尊嚴(yán)的維護(hù)和價(jià)值的發(fā)揮．

Progress and development of a society hinge on human progress and development and depend on how well human dignity is maintained and how much human value is realized.

中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民進(jìn)行革命、建設(shè)和改革，就是要實(shí)現(xiàn)全中國(guó)人民廣泛的自由、民主和人權(quán)．

The Communist Party of China has lead the Chinese people in carrying out revolution, development and reform precisely for the purpose of ensuring the entire Chinese people broad freedoms, democracy and human rights.

今天中國(guó)所煥發(fā)出來(lái)的巨大活力，是中國(guó)人民擁有廣泛自由、民主的生動(dòng)寫(xiě)照．

The immense vitality displayed by China today is a vivid reflection of the broad freedoms and democratic rights enjoyed by the Chinese people.

中國(guó)在公元一世紀(jì)人口就已達(dá)到過(guò) 6000 萬(wàn)左右，

China's population reached around 60 million as early as in the 1st century.

眾多人口的衣食住行，幾千年來(lái)一直是中國(guó)歷代政府所要解決的首要人權(quán)問(wèn)題．

For several thousand years, to provide for the people 's need for food, clothing, housing and transport has all along been the primary human rights challenge for successive governments in Chinese history.

今天的中國(guó)是一個(gè)有 12 億多人口的發(fā)展中大國(guó)，仍然必須首先保障最廣大人民的生存權(quán)和發(fā)展 權(quán)，不然一切其他權(quán)利都無(wú)從談起．

In today's China, which is a large developing country with a population of over 1.2 billion, top priority should still be given to ensuring the greatest possible majority of its people the rights to subsistence and development. Otherwise, there would be no other rights to speak of.

中國(guó)確保 12 億多人的生存權(quán)和發(fā)展權(quán)，這是對(duì)世界人權(quán)進(jìn)步事業(yè)的重大貢獻(xiàn)．

To ensure our people these rights is in itself a major contribution to the progress of the world human rights cause.

集體人權(quán)與個(gè)人人權(quán)、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)文化權(quán)利與公民政治權(quán)利緊密結(jié)合和協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，這是適合中國(guó)國(guó)情 因而是中國(guó)人權(quán)事業(yè)發(fā)展的必然道路．

Collective and individual human rights have to go hand in hand and their coordinated development should be pursued, so do economic, social and cultural rights on the one hand and civil and political rights on the other. This is in keeping with China's specific national conditions and is therefore the only way to progress in the human rights cause in China.

中國(guó)集中力量發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，促進(jìn)社會(huì)全面進(jìn)步，堅(jiān)持發(fā)展社會(huì)主義民主，建設(shè)社會(huì)主義法治國(guó)家，都 是為了促進(jìn)中國(guó)人民的人權(quán)事業(yè)．

China has been concentrating its resources on economic development, promoting all-round social progress and persistently developing socialist democracy and building a socialist country under the rule of law. All this is aimed at promoting the cause of human rights of the Chinese people.

中國(guó)積極參加國(guó)際人權(quán)領(lǐng)域的活動(dòng)，在平等與相互尊重的基礎(chǔ)上與國(guó)際社會(huì)就人權(quán)問(wèn)題開(kāi)展了富有 成效的對(duì)話與合作，為推進(jìn)世界人權(quán)進(jìn)步事業(yè)作出了積極貢獻(xiàn)．

China has played an active part in international activities in the human rights field, carried out highly effective dialogues and cooperation with the rest of international community on the question of human rights on the basis of equality and mutual respect and hence made positive contributions to progress in the global human rights cause.

中華民族歷來(lái)堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主的民族精神和發(fā)展道路．

The Chinese nation has persistently pursued an independent national spirit and road to development.

中國(guó)人民把獨(dú)立自主當(dāng)作立國(guó)之本，

We, the Chinese people, regard independence as the foundation on which to build the country.

在五千多年的不懈奮斗中創(chuàng)造了燦爛的中華文明，

We have created a splendid Chinese civilization by making unremitting endeavor over five thousand years.

并在近代反抗外來(lái)侵略、實(shí)現(xiàn)民族解放的斗爭(zhēng)中自立自強(qiáng)，最終掌握了自己的命運(yùn)．

We grew stronger by relying on our own efforts in the struggle to resist foreign aggression and gain national liberation in modern times and finally became masters of our own destiny.

獨(dú)立自主、自力更生，同學(xué)習(xí)外國(guó)，吸收世界文明的成果，

Independence and self- reliance should not rule out learning from other countries and drawing upon the fruits of world civilization.

是相互結(jié)合、相輔相成的．

The two are complementary to each other.

中華民族的先人們?cè)缇投眠@個(gè)道理．

Our ancestors came to know this a long time ago.

中國(guó)的漢唐時(shí)代，都曾在這方面留下了寶貴的歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)，

In this respect, we have valuable historical experience from the Han and Tang Dynasties.

當(dāng)時(shí)既是中國(guó)自強(qiáng)不息地發(fā)展自己的昌盛時(shí)期，也是積極開(kāi)展對(duì)外交流，廣泛吸收外來(lái)進(jìn)步文化的時(shí)期．

Those were periods of prosperity when China strove to develop itself on its own, and also periods when it learned extensively from foreign advanced cultures in the process of actively conducting external exchanges.

新中國(guó)成立后，中國(guó)人民堅(jiān)持走自己的路，進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)政治文化建設(shè)，把祖國(guó)建設(shè)成為一個(gè)初步繁榮 昌盛的社會(huì)主義國(guó)家．

Since the founding of New China, we Chinese people have persevered in taking our own road and engaging in the economic, political and cultural undertakings and turning our motherland into a socialist country with initial prosperity.

同時(shí)，積極吸收和借鑒世界一切先進(jìn)的文明成果，這些文明成果對(duì)于中國(guó)的發(fā)展也起了重要的促進(jìn)作用．

Meanwhile, we have earnestly absorbed and drawn upon fruits of advanced world civilization, which in turn have greatly promoted the development of China.

當(dāng)然，這種對(duì)外國(guó)文明的吸收和借鑒決不能是簡(jiǎn)單的模仿．

However, it must be pointed out that the absorption and learning process is by no means one of simple imitation.

中國(guó)既不能照抄西方資本主義國(guó)家的發(fā)展模式，也不能硬搬其他國(guó)家建設(shè)社會(huì)主義的模式，

China can not copy the development model of Western capitalist countries, nor can it mechanically follow other countries' models of building socialism.

而必須走適合自己國(guó)情的發(fā)展道路．

On the contrary, it must take a road to development that is suited to its national conditions.

這就是我們通過(guò)自己的長(zhǎng)期實(shí)踐終于找到的建設(shè)有中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義的道路．

That is, the road to building socialism with Chinese characteristics, which we have found through long-term practice.

中國(guó)人民將堅(jiān)定不移地沿著這條道路走下去．

The Chinese people will move forward unswervingly along this road.

中華民族歷來(lái)珍惜各民族大團(tuán)結(jié)和祖國(guó)統(tǒng)一．

The Chinese nation has always valued the great unity of all the ethnic groups and the reunification of the country.

中國(guó)的 56 個(gè)民族，從古代開(kāi)始就在華夏大地上勞動(dòng)和繁衍，經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的相互幫助、相互學(xué)習(xí)， 形成了統(tǒng)一的多民族國(guó)家．

Since ancient times, people of the 56 ethnic groups have toiled and multiplied on the vast land of China. They have helped each other and learned from each other over long years and thus formed a unitary multi- ethnic country.

維護(hù)中華民族的團(tuán)結(jié)統(tǒng)一，是中華民族偉大復(fù)興的根本基礎(chǔ)，是全國(guó)各族人民的根本利益所在．

The preservation of solidarity and unity of the Chinese nation is the very foundation for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and is where the fundamental interests of the people of all ethnic groups lie.

新中國(guó)成立以后，中國(guó)在少數(shù)民族聚居的地方實(shí)行區(qū)域自治，

Since the founding of New China, regional autonomy has been practiced in places where ethnic minorities live in compact communities.

各民族的權(quán)益受到憲法保障，

The rights and interests of all the ethnic groups are protected by the Constitution.

民族地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)不斷發(fā)展，

Continued social and economic progress has been made in the regions inhabited by ethnic minorities.

各民族之間的平等、團(tuán)結(jié)、互助關(guān)系不斷加強(qiáng)．

The relations between different ethnic groups based on equality, solidarity and mutual help have grown stronger and stronger.

中國(guó)各族人民堅(jiān)決反對(duì)任何企圖分裂中國(guó)領(lǐng)土和主權(quán)的圖謀．

The Chinese people of all ethnic groups are firmly opposed to any attempt to split the Chinese territory and sovereignty.

中國(guó)民主革命的偉大先行者、中國(guó)國(guó)民黨的創(chuàng)始人孫中山先生早就指出：“中國(guó)是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的國(guó)家 ，這一點(diǎn)已牢牢地印在我國(guó)的歷史意識(shí)之中，正是這種意識(shí)，才使我們能作為一個(gè)國(guó)家而被保存下來(lái)．”

Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the great forerunner of the Chinese democratic revolution and the founder of the Kuomintang (the Nationalist Party), pointed out: “ China is a unitary country. This has already been deeply etched in its historical identity. It is this identity that has kept us together as one nation. ”

中國(guó)政府已經(jīng)恢復(fù)對(duì)香港行使主權(quán)，澳門也將于今年 12 月 20 日回歸中國(guó)．

The Chinese government has already resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong. Macau will return to the embrace of the motherland on 20 December this year.

按照“和平統(tǒng)一、一國(guó)兩制”方針最終解決臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題，完成祖國(guó)的統(tǒng)一大業(yè)，是全體中國(guó)人民不可 動(dòng)搖的意志．

It is the unshakable will of all the Chinese people to ultimately resolve the Taiwan question under the principle of “ peaceful reunification, one country two systems ” and accomplish the great cause of national reunification.

在解決臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題上，我們不承諾放棄使用武力，正是為了促成和平解決．

On the settlement of the Taiwan question, we do not undertake to renounce the use of force precisely for the purpose of facilitating a peaceful settlement.

中國(guó)人民一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)中國(guó)的完全統(tǒng)一．

The Chinese people will certainly accomplish the complete reunification of the country.

中華民族歷來(lái)愛(ài)好自由與和平．

The Chinese nation always loves freedom and peace.

中國(guó)人民始終希望天下太平、希望同各國(guó)人民友好相處．

The Chinese people have always longed for peace prevailing across the world and wish to live in harmony with the people of all the other countries.

“親仁善鄰”，一直為我們的先人們奉為國(guó)之寶箴．

“ Benevolence and good-neighbourliness ” were all along regarded as a treasured maxim by our ancestors.

中國(guó)人民在近代飽受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和被侵略的痛苦，更深感自由與和平的珍貴．

In modern times, the Chinese people suffered immensely from the scourge of war and aggression, so now they feel all the more strongly the value of freedom and peace.

任何一個(gè)國(guó)家的建設(shè)和發(fā)展，都需要一個(gè)和平穩(wěn)定的國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)環(huán)境．

The nation-building and development of each and every country requires a peaceful and stable international and domestic environment.

任何一個(gè)國(guó)家和民族的自由，都是一切個(gè)人自由的前提和基礎(chǔ)．

Freedom of a country and nation serves as a precondition and basis for the freedom of all its individuals.

我們希望各國(guó)人民都生活在沒(méi)有戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和暴力的世界里，希望各國(guó)人民都能享有不被人壓迫、歧視和
欺凌的自由．

It is our hope that the people of all countries can live in a world free from war and violence and free from suppression, discrimination and bullying.

中國(guó)實(shí)行以和平為宗旨的外交方針，堅(jiān)持相互尊重主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整、互不侵犯、互不干涉內(nèi)政的基 本原則．

China pursues a peace-oriented foreign policy and adheres to the basic principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non- aggression and non-interference in each other's internal affairs.

中國(guó)主張不同社會(huì)制度的國(guó)家應(yīng)該平等相待，和平共處，反對(duì)任何國(guó)家以任何形式把自己的政治制 度和意識(shí)形態(tài)強(qiáng)加于別國(guó)．

China is of the view that countries with different social systems should treat one another as equals and co-exist peacefully, and is opposed to any attempt to impose in any form one's own political system and ideology on other countries.

中國(guó)的發(fā)展和強(qiáng)盛不會(huì)對(duì)任何人構(gòu)成威脅，而只會(huì)促進(jìn)世界的和平、穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展．

A developed, strong and prosperous China will pose no threat to anyone. It will only promote world peace, stability and development.

永遠(yuǎn)不稱霸，這是中國(guó)人民對(duì)世界的莊嚴(yán)承諾．

China will never seek hegemony. This is a solemn commitment of the Chinese people to the world.

中國(guó)人民選擇和實(shí)踐的社會(huì)主義發(fā)展道路和各項(xiàng)基本的內(nèi)外政策，源于現(xiàn)代中國(guó)歷史發(fā)展的必然， 也源于中華民族千百年來(lái)形成的優(yōu)良民族傳統(tǒng)，因而具有歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)的充分依據(jù)和牢固基礎(chǔ)．

The road to socialist development and the basic domestic and foreign policies chosen and followed by the Chinese people have their origin in the logical historical development of modern China and in the fine national tradition of the Chinese nation formed over thousands of years. Therefore, they are well founded and firmly grounded in terms of both history and realities.

我們的目標(biāo)是，到下個(gè)世紀(jì)中葉，即中華人民共和國(guó)成立一百周年時(shí)，基本實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化，把中國(guó)建 成富強(qiáng)民主文明的社會(huì)主義國(guó)家．

Our goal is to realize modernization by and large and turn China into a strong, prosperous, democratic and culturally-advanced socialist country by the middle of next century when the People's Republic of China celebrates its centenary.

中國(guó)人民有信心克服和戰(zhàn)勝前進(jìn)道路上出現(xiàn)的各種困難和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)我們既定的偉大目標(biāo)．

The Chinese people are confident that they will brave and overcome all the difficulties and risks on their way forward and attain this great goal.

中國(guó)的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展，將會(huì)為中英兩國(guó)在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的友好合作提供良好的機(jī)遇．

The stability and development of China will provide good opportunities for China and the UK to carry out friendly cooperation in various fields.

中國(guó)愿與英國(guó)共同努力，將一個(gè)充滿活力的中英全面合作伙伴關(guān)系帶入 21 世紀(jì)．

China is ready to work together with the UK to bring a dynamic China-UK partnership of all-round cooperation into the 21st century.

女士們，先生們：

Ladies and Gentlemen,

人類又來(lái)到了一個(gè)新的世紀(jì)之交和千年之交的重要?dú)v史時(shí)刻．

Mankind is again at an important historical juncture when it is about to enter a new century and a new millennium.

冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束以來(lái)，世界形勢(shì)總體趨向緩和．

Since the end of the Cold War, the world situation has, generally speaking, moved towards relaxation.

各國(guó)人民要和平、求穩(wěn)定、謀發(fā)展的呼聲日益高漲．

There has been an increasingly louder call for peace, stability and development from people of the world.

科學(xué)技術(shù)日新月異的發(fā)展，為人類開(kāi)發(fā)和利用自然提供了空前巨大的能力，也為人類自身能力的發(fā) 展開(kāi)辟了廣闊的前景．

Science and technology, which advance by leads and bounds, have not only provided an unprecedented capacity for mankind to explore and harness nature, but also opened up broad prospects for the development of man's own ability.

但天下仍很不太平，世界的和平與發(fā)展依然受到這樣或那樣的威脅．

But the world is far from tranquil, and world peace and development are still under threat in one way or another.

強(qiáng)權(quán)政治和霸權(quán)主義在國(guó)際政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和安全領(lǐng)域中依然存在并有新的發(fā)展，

Power politics and hegemony still exist in international political, economic and security realms and have further asserted themselves.

地區(qū)沖突此起彼伏，

Regional conflicts have erupted one after another.

南北發(fā)展差距繼續(xù)拉大，

The gap in development between North and South continues to widen.

環(huán)境惡化、武器擴(kuò)散、國(guó)際犯罪、恐怖主義等跨國(guó)問(wèn)題困擾著人類．

Mankind is plagued by trans-national problems such as environmental degradation, arms proliferation, international crimes and terrorism.

如果我們不能抓緊解決這一系列重大問(wèn)題，世界就難以發(fā)展．

If we fail to address these major problems promptly, it will be difficult for the world to develop further.

何去何從，解決這些問(wèn)題的主動(dòng)權(quán)掌握在世界人民手中．

With regard to what course to follow and how to resolve these problems, the initiative is in the hands of the people of the world.

推動(dòng)建立公正合理的國(guó)際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)新秩序，是各國(guó)人民和有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)的政治家必須認(rèn)真而審慎思考的極 其重大的課題．

To help establish a just and rational new international political and economic order is a task of vital importance, a task that people of all countries and farsighted statesmen have to ponder over in seriousness and with prudence.

為維護(hù)世界和平，促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展，所有的國(guó)家都必須遵循公認(rèn)的國(guó)際關(guān)系基本準(zhǔn)則，包括和平共處 五項(xiàng)原則和《聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章》的宗旨與原則．

To safeguard world peace and promote common development, all countries must comply with the universally recognized basic norms governing international relations, including the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence and the purposes and principles of the UN Charter.

各國(guó)的事情要由各國(guó)人民作主，國(guó)際上的事情要由大家商量解決．

The affairs of a country should be dealt with by the people of that country, and international affairs should be settled through consultation by all countries and regions concerned.

各國(guó)人民有權(quán)自主選擇符合本國(guó)國(guó)情的社會(huì)制度和發(fā)展道路，創(chuàng)造自己的生活．

People of each country are entitled to choose independently the social system and road to development suited to their national conditions and to build their own lives.

維護(hù)自己國(guó)家的主權(quán)和安全，是每個(gè)國(guó)家的政府和人民的神圣權(quán)利與光榮職責(zé)，

It is the sacred right and glorious duty of the government and people of each country to safeguard their state sovereignty and security.

任何別的國(guó)家和國(guó)際組織都應(yīng)尊重，都無(wú)權(quán)進(jìn)行干預(yù)．

All other countries and international organizations should respect them and have no right to interfere.

處理國(guó)與國(guó)的關(guān)系應(yīng)超越社會(huì)制度和意識(shí)形態(tài)的差異，努力尋求共同利益的匯合點(diǎn)，擴(kuò)大互利合作 ，謀求共同發(fā)展．

It is essential to transcend the differences in social system and ideology in handling state-to- state relations, work to seek convergence of common interests, expand mutually-beneficial cooperation and strive for common development.

不能用一種政治制度和發(fā)展模式去規(guī)范世界．

It is not right to model the world after one political system or development mode.

各個(gè)國(guó)家都應(yīng)遵循世界是豐富多彩的原則，采取相互學(xué)習(xí)、取長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短的積極態(tài)度，以利共同發(fā)展．

All countries should honor the principle that the world is colorful and diversified, and adopt a positive attitude of learning from each other to make up for their respective deficiencies in the interest of common development.

開(kāi)展國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)交往，應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持平等互利．

It is essential to adhere to the principle of equality and mutual benefit in conducting international economic exchanges.

制定國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域的新規(guī)則，應(yīng)該充分反映經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)還不發(fā)達(dá)、處于弱勢(shì)地位的廣大發(fā)展中國(guó) 家的合理要求，注意保障它們的正當(dāng)權(quán)益．

In formulating new rules guiding international economic activities and trade, the reasonable demands of the vast number of developing countries should be fully reflected, as they are under-developed in terms of the economy and technology and at a disadvantage, and attention should be paid to the protection of their legitimate rights and interests.

第二次大戰(zhàn)以后許多殖民地國(guó)家的人民獲得了解放和獨(dú)立，

Following World War II, the people of many countries under colonial rule were emancipated and won independence.

這是人類社會(huì)在 20 世紀(jì)取得的最偉大的進(jìn)步．

That was the greatest progress made by human society in the 20th century.

這些國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)薄弱，處在發(fā)展的過(guò)程之中．

These countries still have a weak economic foundation and are in the process of development.

離開(kāi)甚至損害發(fā)展中國(guó)家的利益，整個(gè)世界就不可能穩(wěn)定，更不可能普遍繁榮，

Should their interests be ignored or even harmed, the world would not enjoy stability, not to say universal prosperity.

就會(huì)帶來(lái)諸多困難、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和不公正不合理的現(xiàn)象，最終發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家也會(huì)受到損害．

And there would emerge a multitude of problems, risks, inequalities and irrationalities, which would ultimately jeopardize the interest of developed countries.

我們希望各國(guó)的政治家都能關(guān)注逐步解決南北經(jīng)濟(jì)差距不斷拉大這一十分緊迫的問(wèn)題．

It is our hope that the statesmen of all countries will pay attention to the very urgent issue of gradually narrowing the widening gap between North and South economically.

這個(gè)問(wèn)題不解決，必將對(duì)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的穩(wěn)定發(fā)展產(chǎn)生極大的負(fù)面影響，人類共同發(fā)展繁榮的目標(biāo)就不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)．

This problem, if not solved, is bound to inflict a big negative impact on the steady growth of the global economy, and make it impossible for mankind to achieve common development and prosperity.

維護(hù)國(guó)際安全，必須徹底摒棄冷戰(zhàn)思維，努力把國(guó)際社會(huì)的持久和平建立在促進(jìn)各國(guó)相互信任和共 同利益的新安全觀的基礎(chǔ)上．

To maintain international security, it is essential to discard the Cold-War mentality and work to build a lasting peace for the international community on the basis of a new security concept featuring promotion of mutual trust and common interests of all countries.

應(yīng)通過(guò)國(guó)際社會(huì)的共同努力，首先確立有利于世界和平與穩(wěn)定，有利于各國(guó)和平發(fā)展的安全機(jī)制， 任何國(guó)家都不能把自己的所謂安全建立在損害他國(guó)安全利益的基礎(chǔ)上．

A security mechanism conducive to world peace and stability and to peaceful development of all countries should first be established through the concerted efforts of the international community. Under it, no country should be allowed to build its own so-called security at the expense of the security interests of other countries.

應(yīng)通過(guò)對(duì)話增進(jìn)信任，通過(guò)合作謀求安全，相互尊重主權(quán)，和平解決爭(zhēng)端．

It is essential to build confidence through dialogue, seek security through cooperation, respect each other's sovereignty and settle disputes through peaceful means.

中國(guó) 2550 年前誕生的杰出教育家、思想家孔子說(shuō)過(guò)：“逝者如斯夫！不舍晝夜．”

Confucius, an outstanding educator and thinker of China who was born about 2,550 years ago, once said: “ The passage of time is just like the flow of water, which goes on day and night. ”

時(shí)光流逝不可逆轉(zhuǎn)．

The lapse of time is irreversible.

21 世紀(jì)正在到來(lái)．

The 21st century is just around the corner.

人類美好的未來(lái)要靠一代代年輕人去創(chuàng)造．

The beautiful future of mankind will depend on the efforts of young people generation after generation.

我希望，中英兩國(guó)青年順應(yīng)時(shí)代的要求和世界發(fā)展的潮流，刻苦學(xué)習(xí)，知難而進(jìn)，為建設(shè)自己的國(guó) 家，為維護(hù)世界和平、促進(jìn)人類進(jìn)步事業(yè)作出應(yīng)有的貢獻(xiàn)．

It is my hope that the youth of China and the UK will meet the needs of the times and follow the tide of world development, study hard, move ahead in defiance of difficulties and make their due contribution to the development of their own countries, maintenance of world peace and advancement of the cause of human progress.

謝謝各位．

Thank you.

Speech delivered by Chinese President Jiang Zemin at the University of Cambridge on October 22.1999

" 如果您沒(méi)有來(lái)過(guò)劍橋，就不算看過(guò)真正的大學(xué) " 劍橋一直都被認(rèn)為是全英國(guó)最富有學(xué)術(shù)城市， 以其學(xué)風(fēng)之美吸引無(wú)數(shù)的游客．劍橋的驕傲更來(lái)自于它培育出比其它大學(xué)更多的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主及無(wú) 數(shù)杰出的科學(xué)家、思想家和詩(shī)人 ...