委內(nèi)瑞拉對華政策的演化發(fā)展探析論文
摘 要
隨著中國與拉美發(fā)展中國家國際交往的不斷深入，雙方在政治、經(jīng)貿(mào)、文化和科技合作等方面取得了舉世矚目的成就。本文選取了近年來與中國持續(xù)保持良好發(fā)展態(tài)勢的委內(nèi)瑞拉作為研究對象，通過研究二十世紀(jì)末至今委內(nèi)瑞拉對華政策的演化發(fā)展趨勢，結(jié)合不同時(shí)期委內(nèi)瑞拉國際國內(nèi)形勢和中委關(guān)系的具體表現(xiàn)，深入分析影響委內(nèi)瑞拉對華政策的各方面因素，提出了關(guān)于中委關(guān)系的合理判斷。
二十一世紀(jì)以來，中國與委內(nèi)瑞拉政治互信不斷增強(qiáng)，經(jīng)貿(mào)合作成績斐然，各領(lǐng)域合作開展順利，中委雙邊關(guān)系已經(jīng)成為中國與拉美交往的重點(diǎn)雙邊關(guān)系之一，并將對未來中國與拉美交往產(chǎn)生積極作用。委內(nèi)瑞拉作為拉美地區(qū)的大國和強(qiáng)國，當(dāng)前與中國形成的合作關(guān)系是國內(nèi)國際多重因素共同作用的結(jié)果，其中既有偶然因素也有必然因素，可以說是當(dāng)今國際社會(huì)雙邊關(guān)系中一個(gè)特色鮮明的實(shí)例。
但是，建立在政府主導(dǎo)層面上的中委合作如希實(shí)現(xiàn)長期、穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展，對委內(nèi)瑞拉而言，必須進(jìn)一步開放合作領(lǐng)域，借助中國的投資改善國內(nèi)的民生，彌補(bǔ)輕工業(yè)短板，照顧國內(nèi)中產(chǎn)階級(jí)利益，維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定;對中國而言，既需要與委內(nèi)瑞拉政府保持密切合作，維護(hù)中國在委內(nèi)瑞拉當(dāng)?shù)赝顿Y的利益，多方面拓展合作渠道，同時(shí)也要廣泛接觸委內(nèi)瑞拉包括反對派政黨在內(nèi)的社會(huì)各界，了解多方訴求，最大程度提高抵抗委內(nèi)瑞拉國內(nèi)局勢突變的能力，實(shí)現(xiàn)中國利益在委內(nèi)瑞拉的最大化。
本文為研究中國與拉美發(fā)展中國家關(guān)系提出了一個(gè)實(shí)例，也為分析判斷中國與委內(nèi)瑞拉關(guān)系提供了有益參考。
關(guān)鍵詞： 委內(nèi)瑞拉 對華政策 查韋斯 馬杜羅 影響
Abstract
As the international exchanges between China and Latin American countries getsconstantly enhanced, remarkable achievements have been made in the bilateralcooperation between these two sides in fields of politics, economics and trade, culture,science and technology, etc. This paper chooses Venezuela, the country that has beenmaintaining sound relationship development with China in recent years, as the objectof study. Through research on the evolution of Venezuela's policy towards China fromthe end of 20thCentury till now, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of variousfactors affecting Venezuela's policy towards China by studying both its internal andexternal situations during different periods of time as well as Sino-Venezuelarelationship, and has made rational judgment on Sino-Venezuela relationship.
Since the 21stCentury, political mutual trust between China and Venezuela has beenconstantly reinforced and cooperation in various fields are all going well, in particular,the economic and trade cooperation between the two countries has been growingremarkably. Sino-Venezuela bilateral relationship has become one of the highlights ofSino-Latin American relations, and it will play a positive role in the futuredevelopment of Sino-Latin American exchanges. As a major strong power of the LatinAmerican area, Venezuela's current relation of cooperation with China is the result ofmultiple factors, including domestic and international factors, with both randomcauses and inevitabilities. It's fair to say that it's a very distinctive case of bilateralrelationship in today's international community.
However, for the government-dominated Sino-Venezuela cooperation to realizelong-term sustainable growth, both sides have a long way to go. Venezuela needs tofurther open up to China, and capitalize on Chinese investment to improve people'slivelihood, make up for its weakness in light industry, look after interests of domesticmiddle-class, and safeguard its social stability. China needs to maintain closecooperation with the Venezuelan government, protect the interests of Chineseinvestment in Venezuela, and expand extensively the cooperation channels; whileChina also needs to reach out to all social sectors in Venezuela, opposition politicalparties included, so as to hear the demands voiced by all parties, maximize itscapacity to respond to possible domestic upheavals in Venezuela, and maximizeChina's interests in Venezuela.
This paper provides a solid example for the further study of Sino-Latin Americarelations, as well as a valuable reference for analytical judgment on Sino-Venezuelarelationship.
Key Words: Venezuela, Policy towards China, Chavez, Maduro,Influence
目 錄
緒論
第一節(jié) 選題目的與意義
第二節(jié) 國內(nèi)外研究動(dòng)態(tài)
第三節(jié) 研究思路
第一章 委內(nèi)瑞拉國內(nèi)政治與外交政策
第一節(jié) 委內(nèi)瑞拉國內(nèi)政治體制特點(diǎn)及演變
第二節(jié) 委內(nèi)瑞拉外交決策機(jī)構(gòu)
第三節(jié) 查韋斯執(zhí)政以后的委內(nèi)瑞拉內(nèi)政外交政策變化
第四節(jié) 小結(jié)
第二章 委內(nèi)瑞拉對華政策的發(fā)展與變化
第一節(jié) 歷史上的委內(nèi)瑞拉對華政策
第二節(jié) 查韋斯執(zhí)政以后的委對華政策變化
第四節(jié) 小結(jié)
第三章 影響委內(nèi)瑞拉對華政策的決定性因素
第一節(jié) 國際體系及拉美地區(qū)政局變化
一、中國國際地位的提升提高了委內(nèi)瑞拉對中國的重視程度
二、“拉美向左轉(zhuǎn)”地區(qū)整體變化為中委關(guān)系營造了區(qū)域環(huán)境
三、委內(nèi)瑞拉與美國的關(guān)系客觀上影響中委關(guān)系的發(fā)展
第二節(jié) 委內(nèi)瑞拉政治穩(wěn)定和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的需要
第三節(jié) 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的個(gè)人因素
一、查韋斯的個(gè)人因素
二、馬杜羅的個(gè)人因素
第四節(jié) 小結(jié)
第四章 案例分析
第一節(jié) 案例：奧里諾科石油項(xiàng)目
第二節(jié) 案例分析
結(jié)論
參考文獻(xiàn)
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