高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)2023
高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納2023
快要高考了,高考的目的是選撥人才,為學(xué)生提供一次公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的機(jī)會(huì)。下面是小編給大家?guī)?lái)的高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納2023,希望能夠幫到你喲!
高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)
形容詞及其用法
主要用來(lái)修飾名詞的詞,表示事物的特征。
形容詞用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞,表示人或事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài),和特征的程度好壞,與否。
形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí),要放在名詞的前邊。但是如果形容詞修飾以-thing為字尾的詞語(yǔ)時(shí),要放在這些詞之后,例如:something nice
以-ly結(jié)尾的形容詞
1)friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍為形容詞。
2)有些以-ly 結(jié)尾既為形容詞,也為副詞。
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early
The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.
用形容詞表示類(lèi)別和整體
某些形容詞加上定冠詞可以泛指一類(lèi)人,與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的復(fù)數(shù)連接。
如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry
副詞及其基本用法
副詞(adverb,簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為adv)是一種用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、全句的詞,說(shuō)明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等概念的詞。副詞是一種半虛半實(shí)的詞。
副詞可分為:地點(diǎn)副詞、方式副詞、程度副詞、疑問(wèn)副詞和連接副詞。
兼有兩種形式的副詞
1) close與closely
close意思是“近”; closely 意思是“仔細(xì)地”
He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.
2)late 與lately
late意思是“晚”; lately 意思是“最近”
You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?
形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)
大多數(shù)形容詞(性質(zhì)形容詞)和副詞有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化,即原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí),用來(lái)表示事物的等級(jí)差別。原級(jí)即形容詞的原形,比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。
動(dòng)詞
動(dòng)詞根據(jù)其后是否可直接跟賓語(yǔ),可分為兩類(lèi),分別是:及物動(dòng)詞(可直接跟賓語(yǔ))、不及物動(dòng)詞(不能直接跟賓語(yǔ),若要跟賓語(yǔ),必須加上某個(gè)介詞)。
系動(dòng)詞
1)狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞:用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)狀態(tài),只有be一詞,例如:He is a teacher.
2)持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞:用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand,
例如:He always kept silent at meeting.
他開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)總保持沉默。
3)表像系動(dòng)詞:用來(lái)表示“看起來(lái)像”這一概念,主要有seem, appear, look,
例如:He looks tired.他看起來(lái)很累。
4)感官系動(dòng)詞:感官系動(dòng)詞主要有feel, smell, sound, taste,
例如:This kind of cloth feels very soft.
This flower smells very sweet.
5)變化系動(dòng)詞:這些系動(dòng)詞表示主語(yǔ)變成什么樣,變化系動(dòng)詞有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
例如:He became mad after that.自那之后,他瘋了。
6)終止系動(dòng)詞:表示主語(yǔ)已終止動(dòng)作,主要有prove, turn out, 表達(dá)“證實(shí)”,“變成”之意,
例如:The search proved difficult.搜查證實(shí)很難。
連詞
連詞是一種虛詞, 它不能獨(dú)立擔(dān)任句子成分而只起連接詞與詞,短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)以及句與句的作用。
連詞主要可分為兩類(lèi):并列連詞和從屬連詞。
并列連詞用來(lái)連接平行的詞、詞組和分句。
如:and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, hence, as well as, both…and, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, (and)then等等。
比較so和 such
such 是形容詞,修飾名詞或名詞詞組。
so是副詞,只能修飾形容詞或副詞。so 還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many,few,much, little連用,形成固定搭配。
so + adj. such + a(n) + n.
so + adj. + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. [不可數(shù)] such +n. [不可數(shù)]
so foolish ;such a fool
so nice a flower;such a nice flower
so many/ few flowers;such nice flowers
so much/little money;such rapid progress
so many people ;such a lot of people
介詞
介詞是一種用來(lái)表示詞與詞、詞與句之間的關(guān)系的虛詞,在句中不能單獨(dú)作句子成分。
介詞后面一般有名詞代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其他詞類(lèi),短語(yǔ)或從句作它的賓語(yǔ)。
介詞和它的賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成介詞詞組,在句中作狀語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),補(bǔ)語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)。
介詞的分類(lèi)
地點(diǎn)(位置、范圍)介詞
above在…前, about在…附近, across在…對(duì)面, after在…后面, against倚著..., along在…近旁, among在…中間, around在…周?chē)? round在….周?chē)? at在…處, before在...前, behind在...后, below低于..., beside在...旁邊, between在...之間, by在...旁, down在...下面, from來(lái)自..., in在...里面, inside在...里面,等等。
方向(目標(biāo)趨向)介詞
across橫越..., against對(duì)抗..., along沿著..., around繞著..., round環(huán)繞..., at朝著..., behind向…后面, etween…and…從…到...,by路過(guò)/通過(guò)..., down向…下, for向..., from從/離..., in進(jìn)入..., into進(jìn)入..., inside到...里面, near接近..., off脫離/除..., on向...上, out of向...外, outside向....外, over跨過(guò)..., past經(jīng)過(guò)/超過(guò)..., through穿過(guò)..., to向/朝..., towards朝著..., on to到...上面, onto到...上面, up向...上, away from遠(yuǎn)離...
時(shí)間介詞
about大約..., after在…以后, at在… (時(shí)刻), before在…以前, by到…為止, during在…期間, for有…(之久), from從…(時(shí))起, in在(上/下午);在(多久)以后, on在(某日), past過(guò)了…(時(shí)), since自從…(至今), through 貫穿…(期間), till直到…時(shí), until直到…時(shí), to到(下一時(shí)刻), ever since從那時(shí)起至今,at the beginning of在...開(kāi)始時(shí) ,at the end of在...末 , in the middle of在...當(dāng)中 ,at the time of在...時(shí)
方式介詞
as作為/當(dāng)作..., by用/由/乘坐/被..., in用…(語(yǔ)言), like與…一樣, on騎(車(chē))/徒(步),通過(guò)(收音機(jī)/電視機(jī)), over通過(guò)(收音機(jī)), through通過(guò)..., with用(材料),用(手/腳/耳/眼), without沒(méi)有…
涉及介詞
about關(guān)于..., except除了…, besides除了…還... for對(duì)于/就…而言, in在…(方面), of…的,有關(guān)..., on關(guān)于/有關(guān)..., to對(duì)…而言, towards針對(duì)..., with就…而言
其它介詞
【目的介詞】 for為了..., from防止…, to為了…
【原因介詞】 for因?yàn)?.., with由于…, because of因?yàn)?..
【比較介詞】 as與…一樣,like象…一樣,than比...,to與…相比, unlike與…不同
如何學(xué)好高中英語(yǔ)
收聽(tīng)英語(yǔ)氣象報(bào)告
有些教學(xué)錄音帶為配合初學(xué)者的學(xué)習(xí),故意放慢語(yǔ)速,這對(duì)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力的訓(xùn)練是不夠的。如果聽(tīng)語(yǔ)速正常的英語(yǔ),初學(xué)者又會(huì)感到力不從心。英語(yǔ)氣象報(bào)告的速度雖快,但詞匯簡(jiǎn)單固定,內(nèi)容單純,重復(fù)的可能性大,而且在生活中隨時(shí)都可以印證,是聽(tīng)力入門(mén)的好教材。
收聽(tīng)中國(guó)國(guó)際廣播電臺(tái)的英語(yǔ)廣播
中國(guó)國(guó)際廣播電臺(tái)(China Radio International)每天早上7:00--8:00,中午11:00--12:00各有一小時(shí)的英語(yǔ)節(jié)目。內(nèi)容包括國(guó)內(nèi)外新聞,剪報(bào)集錦和各類(lèi)系列的專(zhuān)題報(bào)道。除了英語(yǔ)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)流利的國(guó)內(nèi)播音員擔(dān)任廣播之外,也有向外僑或訪(fǎng)客就某一話(huà)題而做的錄音訪(fǎng)問(wèn)。內(nèi)容廣泛,但詞匯較簡(jiǎn)單,語(yǔ)速亦適中,可以藉此訓(xùn)練或增進(jìn)英語(yǔ)的聽(tīng)力。
善用錄音帶鍛煉聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力
有些學(xué)習(xí)者總是習(xí)慣于一邊看書(shū)一邊聽(tīng)磁帶,把磁帶當(dāng)成閱讀的輔助工具,這樣打不到鍛煉聽(tīng)力的目的。錄音帶應(yīng)該是以聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力的訓(xùn)練為主。學(xué)習(xí)者要選用與自己能力相適應(yīng)的聽(tīng)力磁帶,不要急于求成,以免產(chǎn)生受挫心理。先反復(fù)聆聽(tīng)磁帶內(nèi)容,起先只要抓住梗概,多聽(tīng)?zhēng)状魏?,?duì)細(xì)節(jié)的了解便越來(lái)越多。聽(tīng)力較差的人,可先閱讀課文,然后再集中精力領(lǐng)會(huì)每段每句的意思。這樣練習(xí)有助于培養(yǎng)傾聽(tīng)時(shí)注意力的集中,使您的聽(tīng)力迅速進(jìn)步。
高中英語(yǔ)有哪些必備知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1. 一周兩次 twice a week
2. 兩倍那么多:twice as many as ,twice bigger than ,twice the size/length/width of
3. 一、兩天 a day or two ,one or two days
4. 再兩周時(shí)間 anther two weeks ,two more weeks
5. many a student has a book
6. 總而言之 in a word
7. 有能力做某事情 be able to do sth.,be capable of doing
8. 怎么樣 what about doing…/how about doing
9. 當(dāng)…即將要做某事情 be about to do sth…when…
10. 尤其是,最重要的是 above all
11. 缺席,不在 be absent from
12. 全神貫注于某事情 be absorbed in doing sth.
13. 主觀接受:accept 客觀接受(接受有形,有實(shí)物的東西) receive
14. 有權(quán)利做某事情 have access to sth.
15. 意外的 by accident=by chance
16. 交通事故 the traffic accident
17. 根據(jù) according to
18. 考慮 take sth. into account
19. 因?yàn)?由于 on account of=because of 后面跟名詞,不跟句子
20. 指責(zé)某人某事情 accuse sb of sth
指控某人某事情 charge sb with sth
欽佩某人某事情admire sb for sth
責(zé)備某人某事情 scold sb for sth ,blame sb for sth , sb be to blame for sth
21. be used to do sth. 被用來(lái)做某事情
used to do 過(guò)去常常做某事情
be/get used to doing sth 習(xí)慣于做某事情
22. 達(dá)到目標(biāo) achieve the goal
23. across 穿過(guò),和on 有關(guān),指從上面,上方穿過(guò), through 穿過(guò)和in有關(guān),從里面,內(nèi)部穿過(guò)
walk across the street/bridge , walk through the forests
24. 擔(dān)當(dāng),充當(dāng) act as , 執(zhí)行 act on
25. 采取行動(dòng) take action /take measures to do sth
26. 在某方面積極 be active in… 積極參加 take an active part in=join in
27. adapt… to…適應(yīng), adopt sth/sb 領(lǐng)養(yǎng)某人,采納某事情
28. 總計(jì)達(dá) add up to=in all=come to , 增加,增添美景/難度add to the beauty/difficulty
把…加到…上add…to…
29. 除了…以外(還有…) in addition to=apart from=besides (看見(jiàn)also,else,other 選besides)
30. 足夠的,適當(dāng)?shù)?adequate
31. 承認(rèn)做某事情 admit doing sth , 否認(rèn)做某事情 deny doing sth
32. 允許入內(nèi),被錄取進(jìn)入學(xué)校 be admitted into/to school
33. 預(yù)先,提前 in advance , ahead of time
34. 利用 take advantage of , make use of, by means of
35. advice, news , information 為不可數(shù)名詞
36. 給某人忠告 give sb advice on sth , 聽(tīng)取某人的忠告 take one`s advice
37. affect 動(dòng)詞,影響 effect 名詞,影響 對(duì)…有重大影響have a big effect on …
afford 動(dòng)詞,買(mǎi)得起,常跟在can,could,be able to后面
有足夠的金錢(qián)做某事情 can afford sth/to do sth
38. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事情 ; be afraid to do sth 不敢做某事情
39. after all 畢竟,終究
40. in the morning ; on Sunday mornings
41. 以某人的年齡來(lái)說(shuō) for one`s age
42. 答應(yīng)做某事情agree to do sth , 同意某人的觀點(diǎn)agree with sb/what sb said
(氣候,食物)的適合agree with the climate 對(duì)…意見(jiàn)一致agree on sth
43. alive 形容詞,活著的,做表語(yǔ),sb be alive 某人是活著的, a man alive 活著的人
catch sb alive 活捉某人
living 形容詞,活著的,做定語(yǔ),the living people 活著的人,
live 形容詞,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的 broadcast live 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播
lively 形容的,充滿(mǎn)活力的,靈敏的
44. for all 盡管 , first of all 首先, above all 尤其重要的是, in all 總共, after all 畢竟,終究
all over the world 世界各地區(qū), not …at all 一點(diǎn)也不
45. 允許某人做某事情 allow/permit doing sth , allow/permit sb doing sth ,
sb be allowed/permitted to do sth
46. 幾乎不almost not=not nearly=hardly=scarcely
47. The man lives alone , but he doesn`t feel lonely.
48. 和…相處很好,進(jìn)展很好 get along/on well with sb/sth
49. 頌讀課文read aloud the text , 說(shuō)出聲音來(lái) speak aloud
吵鬧的,喧嘩的loudly
50. 除…以外別無(wú)選擇have no choice but to do sth
51. 老是做某事情be always doing sth
52. 對(duì)…驚訝 be amazed at , be surprised at, be astonished at
對(duì)…滿(mǎn)意 be pleased with , be happy with , be satisfied with
對(duì)…憤怒 be angry about/at sth, be angry with sb for sth
對(duì)…嚴(yán)厲 be strict with sb in sth , be hard on sb
對(duì)…擔(dān)心 be worried about , be anxious about
對(duì)…感到慚愧 be shamed of sth, be shy of sth
渴望做某事情 be eager to do sth , be anxious to do sth
渴望得到某物 long for sth , hope for sth , be dying for sth , be anxious for sth
53. 修飾不可數(shù)名詞: a large amount of , a great deal of , a large sum of , a little , little
修飾可數(shù)名詞: a great number of , few , a few , several
兩者皆可修飾:a lot of , lots of , plenty of ,the number of (…的數(shù)量)
54. 每年的,年刊annual
55. 一個(gè)接一個(gè)one after another
56. 接電話(huà)answer the call , 回信 answer the letter/reply to the letter/write to sb
對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé)answer for =be responsible for
57. 任何的一家書(shū)店 any bookstore
58. anyway 無(wú)論怎么樣 anyhow 不管怎么說(shuō)
59. 為某事情向某人道歉 apologize to sb for sth
60. 吸引appeal to sb = attract sb =sth catch one`s eye
61. appear to do sth , appear to be doing sth , appear to have done sth
It seems/seemed that… There seems/seemed to be…
62. 從外表判斷judge from /by one’s appearance
63. 向某人申請(qǐng)… apply to sb for sth , 把…應(yīng)用于/涂在…上apply…to…
64. 欣賞/感激做某事情appreciate doing sth , 如果…我會(huì)不勝感激 I would appreciate it if…
65. 和某人就某事情爭(zhēng)吵 argue with sb about sth
66. look around 環(huán)顧, show sb around 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀
67. 安排某人做某事情 arrange for sb to do sth
68. arrive at +小地點(diǎn)(airport) , arrive in +大地點(diǎn)(Shanghai), arrive home, arrive late
69. 一件工藝品a work of art
70. 假花artificial flower , 假牙false teeth
71. as he is a teacher =teacher as he is, as he is young=young as he is (as解釋為雖然=though)
as he grows up 隨著年齡的長(zhǎng)大 , as we all know 眾所周知
as+形容詞+as 和…一樣 ,not so+形容詞+as 和…不一樣
as far as I know 就我所知 ,as long as 只要
as well as 也
72. ask after sb 問(wèn)候某人 , ask for sb 請(qǐng)求某人 , ask for help 請(qǐng)求幫忙
73. fall asleep 入睡 , go to bed 上床睡覺(jué) , go to sleep 入眠 , feel sleepy 感覺(jué)瞌睡的
74. 把…和…聯(lián)想在一起be associated with sth
75. 我向你保證…I assure you that … , assure sb of sth 向某人保證…
76. 心臟病heart attack
77. 企圖做某事情 make an attempt to do sth
78. 出席典禮attend the ceremony ,上學(xué)attend school
79. 注意… pay attention to sth/doing sth
80. a large/small audience 一大/小批聽(tīng)/觀眾 , 500個(gè)觀眾 an audience of five hundred
81. 可取得的,可采用的sth is available to sb
82. average 平均的:on average normal 正常的,通常指精神,體溫正常:normal temperature
ordinary 普通的,指地位普通 ordinary people , ordinary medicine
usual 慣例的,通常的 as usual, the usual time ,at the usual place
regular有規(guī)律的 regular customer
common普遍的,大家所共同擁有的 common sense , common illness
83. 試圖避免做某事情try to avoid doing sth
84. 意識(shí)到be aware of = realize
85. award 動(dòng)詞:授予,給予報(bào)酬, 名詞:獎(jiǎng)品 award sb sth=award sth to sb
reward n./v.報(bào)答,獎(jiǎng)賞 reward sb with sth for sth
86. 凡是指嬰兒和電話(huà)用語(yǔ)中都用it
87. 回顧歷史look back into history
88. 對(duì)…是有害的 be bad for…/be harmful to…/do harm to
89. 非常需要… need/want/require sth badly
90. 保持生態(tài)平衡keep the balance of nature
91. 禁止某人做某事情 ban sb from doing sth=forbid sb to do sth
92. 以…為基礎(chǔ)base…on, 忙于做某事情 be busy in doing sth , 被…覆蓋be covered with
93. 在海灘上on the beach , 在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里in the farm , 在操場(chǎng)at the playground
在田野里in the fields ,
94. 不能忍受某人做某事情can`t bear/stand doing sth ,
不能理解某事情can`t understand doing sth
95. 牢記…bear/keep sth in mind 動(dòng)動(dòng)腦筋use one`s brains
96. beat sb by 3:1以3:1擊敗某人, the heart beat 心臟跳動(dòng) , beat times打拍子
97. not…but… 不是…而是… not because…but because不是因?yàn)椤且驗(yàn)椤?/p>
98. 還要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間…It will be a long time before +句子(用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))
不久就…It won`t be a long time before+句子(用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))
自從…以來(lái)…It is/has been 5 years since+句子(用過(guò)去時(shí))
99. 由…開(kāi)始begin with , 在…一開(kāi)始at the beginning of
100. behaviour n.行為,舉止 , habit n.個(gè)人習(xí)慣 , manners n.禮貌 , customs n.風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣
101. 落后,落伍 fall behind , 落后于時(shí)代behind the times
102. the news , the truth , the fact , the idea后用that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句
103. 信不信由你believe it or not , 坦率地說(shuō)frankly speaking=to be frank
104. 屬于 belong to (無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí),無(wú)被動(dòng)) The book belongs to me.
105. 受益,獲益于benefit from / benefit sb a lot
106. 最好做某事情 had better do sth / had better not do sth
It is better to do sth / It is better not to do sth
107. not a bit=not at all 一點(diǎn)也不 , not a little=very非常
108. 一只眼失明be blind in one eye
109. 對(duì)…厭煩be bored with=be tired of =be fed up with
110. borrow sth from sb 從某人那里借進(jìn)某物 , lend sth to sb向某人借出某物
buy sth from sb 向某人買(mǎi)某物, buy sth for sb為某人買(mǎi)了某物
111. bread and butter, when and where , knife and fork , law and order,
each man and (each) woman , every boy and (every)girl 以上詞組做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)
112. 違反法律break the law , 闖入break into , (戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),火災(zāi)的)爆發(fā) break out
機(jī)器壞了,精神垮了break down
113. 屏住呼吸c(diǎn)atch /hold one`s breath , 上氣不接下氣out of breath
114. 河上的橋the bridge over the river , 桌上的書(shū)the book on the desk
115. bring sb up 撫養(yǎng)某人=raise sb, sb grow up某人長(zhǎng)大成人
116. 突然大笑burst into laughter=burst out laughing , 突然大哭burst into tears=burst out crying