高考英語語法填空進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)知識(shí)點(diǎn)與必記的單詞
高考英語語法填空進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)知識(shí)點(diǎn)與必記的單詞
時(shí)態(tài)(tense)是一種動(dòng)詞形式,不同的時(shí)態(tài)用以表示不同的時(shí)間與方式。它是表示行為、動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)在各種時(shí)間條件下的動(dòng)詞形式,在英語中有16種時(shí)態(tài)。小編在這里整理了相關(guān)資料,希望能幫助到您。
高考英語語法填空進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)知識(shí)點(diǎn)
進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)
過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí)的墓本概念、形式和用法
過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí)(future-in-the-past continuous tense)表示在對(duì)過去某一時(shí)間而言的將來某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
1)過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式由should be(第一人稱)或wonld be(第二、三人稱)加現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成。美國英語一律用wonld。
2)過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法
a)表示在過去的將來的某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如:
He asked me what I should be doing at ten the next day.他問我第二天十點(diǎn)鐘我將干什么。
They said that they would be expecting us the next week.他們說他們下個(gè)星期等我們?nèi)ァ?/p>
b)表示在過去某一時(shí)間之后即將或按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如:
He said he could not come because he would be haying a meeting.他說他不能來,因?yàn)橐_會(huì)。
一般時(shí)態(tài)與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別
一般時(shí)態(tài)與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的主要區(qū)別有二:
1)一般時(shí)態(tài)通常表示經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),而進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)則表示在某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行著的動(dòng)作。如:
We read newspapers every day.我們每天讀報(bào)。
She is now reading the newspaper.她現(xiàn)在正在讀報(bào)。
2)一般時(shí)態(tài)表示主語的固有特征、能力等,而進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)則表示主語在某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)所進(jìn)行的具體動(dòng)作。如:
He sings well.他唱得很好。
He is singing a folk song.他在唱一首民歌。
[注] 并不是所有的動(dòng)詞都能用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),例如表達(dá)狀態(tài)、感情和感覺的某些動(dòng)詞,通常只能用一般時(shí)態(tài)而不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),例如"know"(知道)一般就不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。這類動(dòng)詞還有be(是),have(有),1ove (愛),hate(恨),want(想要),1ike(喜歡),think(認(rèn)為),believe(相信),see(看見),hear(聽見)等。
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本概念
1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示此時(shí)此刻(說話人說話時(shí))正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,它并不表明這一動(dòng)作從什么時(shí)候開始,到什么時(shí)候結(jié)束。漢語常用"(正)在"或"著"來表示這種時(shí)間關(guān)系。如:
What are you doing?
-I'm doing some washing.你在干什么?--我在洗衣服。
Look! It is snowing.瞧!下著雪哩。
She is drawing a map.她在畫一張地圖。
Are they listening to the music?
-NO,they are listening to the radio.他們?cè)诼犚魳穯?--不,他們?cè)诼犑找魴C(jī)。
2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行著的動(dòng)作,雖然此時(shí)此刻這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能并不在進(jìn)行。如:
He is working on a paper.他在寫一篇論文。
They are compiling a dictionary.他們?cè)诰幰槐驹~典。
3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)可表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,有"意圖"或"打算"的含義(用于go,come,stay,1eave,start等表示移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞)。如:
He is corning to see you tomorrow.他明天要來看你。
They are going to the Ming tombs this coming Sunday.這個(gè)星期天他們要到十三陵去。
They are taking the children to the zoo on Sunday.他們星期天要帶孩子們?nèi)?dòng)物園。
What are you doing next Sunday? I'm going on a picnic with my wife and daughter.這個(gè)星期天你要干什么?我要和妻子和女兒去野餐。
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本概念
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(past continuous tense)表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如:
I was practicing the violin at eight o'clock yesterday evening. 昨晚八點(diǎn)鐘我正在練習(xí)小提琴。
When Walter arrived home,his sister was doing her homework.沃爾特到家時(shí),他妹妹正在做作業(yè)。
Pat was watching TV all evening. 帕特整個(gè)晚上都在看電視。
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由was(第一、三人稱單數(shù))或were (其余各人稱和數(shù))加現(xiàn)在分詞所構(gòu)成。
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法
表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,這一特定的時(shí)間往往須用時(shí)間狀語來表示。如:
She was reading an English magazine when I came in.我進(jìn)來時(shí)她在看一本英文雜志。
It was getting dark.天黑了。
They were working all day yesterday.他們昨天整天工作。
We were cleaning the auditorium from 7 to 9 last night.昨晚七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)我們?cè)诖驋叽蠖Y堂。
I met him when he was crossing the street.他過街時(shí)我碰見他。
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的其他用法
1)表示移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞go,come,start,stay,leave等的過去進(jìn)行時(shí),可以表示過去將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如:
They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai. 他們想知道我們什么時(shí)候到上海去。
She asked whether he was starting then ext day.她問他是否第二天就動(dòng)身。
2)動(dòng)詞go的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)加動(dòng)詞不定式,可以表示在過去某一時(shí)間之后將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。(比較8.24的3)如:
They said they were going to set up a nursery.他們說他們要設(shè)立一個(gè)托兒所。
She said the foreign guests were going to visit the Shanghai in dustrial Exhibition.她說外賓要去參觀上海工業(yè)展覽會(huì)。
The monitor announced that our new teacher was going to speak to us.班長宣布新老師要跟我們講話。
3)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來描寫故事發(fā)生的背景。如:
It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A young woman suddenly appeared on the riverbank. it was Xier. She had just escaped from Huang Shiren's house.那是一個(gè)漆黑的夜晚。風(fēng)刮得很厲害,雨下得很大。一個(gè)年輕婦女突然出現(xiàn)在河岸上。這就是喜兒。她剛從黃世仁的家里逃了出來。
過去一般時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法比較
過去一般時(shí)通常表示過去發(fā)生的一個(gè)單純的事實(shí),而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,強(qiáng)調(diào)在這一過程中所進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或展開的情景。試比較:
We built a bridge last winter.去冬我們修了一座橋。(意即去冬我們做了這件事,橋已經(jīng)修好了。)
We were building a hydro-electric station last winter.去冬我們?cè)谛匏娬尽?意即去冬我們一直在修水電站,修完與否不詳)
I wrote a letter home last night. 昨晚我寫了一封家信。(意即)昨晚我做了這件事,信寫完了。)
I was writing a letter to my pen friend in America last night. 昨晚我在給我的美國筆友寫信。(意即昨晚我一直在寫信,不一定寫完)
語法填空識(shí)記單詞
1. appear:v.出現(xiàn) → (appearance)n.外貌;出現(xiàn)
2. give - gave - given 給
3. think - thought - thought 認(rèn)為
thought:n.思想,想法→(thoughtful)adj.深思的;體貼的
4. leave - left - (left)留下
5. close:adj.近的 → (closely) adv.近
6. tradition:n.傳統(tǒng) → (traditional) adj.傳統(tǒng)的
nutrition:n.營養(yǎng) → (nutritional) adj.有營養(yǎng)的
nature:n.自然 → (natural) adj. 自然的
person:n.個(gè)人 → (personal) adj.個(gè)人的→(personally)adv.就個(gè)人而言
7. happy:adj.高興的 → (happiness) n.幸福 → (happier) adj.更高興的 →(happier為happy的比較級(jí),be happy with ... 對(duì)...滿意)
8. color:n.顏色,彩色 → (colorful) adj.彩色的
care:n.護(hù)理 → (careful) adj.小心的 → (carefully) adv. 小心
use:n.用處 → (useful)adj.有用的
wonder:v.想知道;n.奇跡 → (wonderful)adj.精彩的→ (wonderfully) adv.極好地
9. luck:n.運(yùn)氣 →(lucky)adj.幸運(yùn)的 → (luckily) adv.幸運(yùn)的是 → (unluckily) adv.不幸運(yùn)的是(but提示)
10. fortune:n.運(yùn)氣 → (fortunately) adv.幸運(yùn)的是 →(misfortune)n.不幸
→ (unfortunately) adv.不幸運(yùn)的是(but提示)
11. eat:v.吃 → (eating)(為eat的動(dòng)名詞) n.吃→ eat - ate - eaten
12. call:v.把...稱為 → (called) (為call的過去分詞)
13. grow - grew - grown 生長 → (growth) n.生長
14. especial:adj.尤其的,特殊的 → (especially) adv.尤其
15. sell - (sold) 賣; buy - (bought) 買
16. main:adj.主要的 → (mainly) adv.主要
17. educate:v.教育 → (education) n.教育
18. feel - (felt) 感到;fall - (fell) 落下
19. practice:v./n.練習(xí) → (practically) adv. 實(shí)際上
20. recover:v.恢復(fù) → (recovery) n.痊愈
21. survive:v.幸存 → (survival)n.幸存 → (survivor)n.幸存者
22. understand - understood - understood 理解 → (misunderstand) 誤解
23.(responsible) adj.有責(zé)任感的 → (responsibility)n.責(zé)任感 → be responsible for 對(duì)...負(fù)責(zé)
24. able:adj.有能力的 → (ability) n.能力
25. honest:adj.誠實(shí)的 → (honestly) adv.誠實(shí)地 →(honesty)n.誠實(shí)
26. fool:v.愚弄;n.傻瓜 → (foolish) adj.愚蠢的
27. dead:adj.死的 → (deadly) adj. 致命的
28. tell - told - told 告訴;sell - (sold)
29. avail:v.有益 → (available) adj.可利用的
reason:n.原因 → (reasonable) adj. 合情合理的
30. please:v.使...高興;請(qǐng) → (pleased)adj. 高興的 → (pleasure) n.愉悅 →(pleasant)adj.令人愉快的
31. accept:v.接受 → (acceptance) n.認(rèn)可,接受
32. win - won 贏;differ:v.不同 - (different) adj.不同的
33. break - broke - broken 打碎
34. wear - (wore) - worn 穿
tear - (tore) - torn:v.撕破;流淚 n.眼淚
35. loss:n.損失 → lose:v.丟失;迷失 → lost:adj.迷路的;丟失的
36. wood:n.木材 → (woody) adj.木質(zhì)的
37. regular:adj.有規(guī)律的,定期的 → (regularly) adv.定期
38. possible:adj.可能的 → (possibly) adv.可能地
probable:adj.可能的 → (probably) adv.可能地
terrible:adj.可怕的 → (terribly) adv.可怕地
simple:adj.簡單的 → (simply) adv.簡直;簡單地
39. surprise:n.驚喜;v.使吃驚 → (surprisingly) adv.驚人地
increase:v.增加 → (increasingly) adv. 日益增加地
40. actual:adj.實(shí)際的 → (actually) adv.實(shí)際上
41. sudden:adj.突然的 → (suddenly) adv.突然
42. fall- (fell) - fallen 落下
43. build - built - (built) 修建 (rebuild:v.重建)
44. slow:adj.慢的;v.減慢 → (slowly) adv.慢地
45. blood:n.血液 → (bleed) v.流血
46. effect:n.效果 → (affect) v.影響
have an effect on sb 對(duì)...有影響
47. perform:v.表演 → (performer) n.表演者 → performance n.表演
48. decide:v.決定 → (decision) n.決定
49. contribute:v.貢獻(xiàn) → (contribution)n.奉獻(xiàn)(to)
50. develop:v.發(fā)展 → (development)n.發(fā)展(with)
51. assist:v.幫助 → (assistant)n.助手
52. arrive:v.到達(dá) → (arrival)n.到達(dá)
53. late:adj.晚的;adv.晚地 → (lately)adv.最近 →(latest)adj.最新的
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