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      學(xué)習(xí)啦 > 學(xué)習(xí)方法 > 高中學(xué)習(xí)方法 > 高一學(xué)習(xí)方法 > 高一英語 >

      高中英語必備基礎(chǔ)句型和時(shí)態(tài)

      時(shí)間: 於寶21274 分享

        英語學(xué)習(xí)??季湫吞羁找约皩?duì)語法時(shí)態(tài)的考察,下面是小編給大家?guī)淼母咧杏⒄Z必備基礎(chǔ)句型和時(shí)態(tài),希望能夠幫助到大家!

        高中英語必備基礎(chǔ)句型和時(shí)態(tài)

        必背句型

        句型1:There+be +主語+地點(diǎn)狀語/ 時(shí)間狀語

        There're three books on the table.

        桌子上有三本書。

        句型2:What's wrong with+sb./sth.?

        What's wrong with your telephone?

        你的手機(jī)有什么毛病?

        句型3:How do you like…?

        How do you like China?你覺得中國怎么樣?

        句型4:What do you like about…?

        What do you like about China?

        你喜歡中國的什么?

        句型5:had better(not)+動(dòng)詞原形

        You'd better ask that policeman over there.

        你最好去問問那邊的那個(gè)警察。

        句型7:Thank+sb.+for (doing) sth.

        Thank you for coming to see me.

        感謝你來看我。

        句型8:So+be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+主語

        He is a student. So am I.

        他是一個(gè)學(xué)生,我也是。

        句型9:not…until…

        He didn't have supper until his parents came back.

        直到他的父母回來他才吃飯。

        句型10:比較級(jí)十a(chǎn)nd+比較級(jí)

        The baby cried harder and harder.

        那孩子哭得越來越厲害。

        句型11:the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)

        The more one has,the more one wants.

        擁有的越多,想要的越多。

        句型12:…as+adj./adv.+as…

        …not as(so)+adj./adv.+as…

        Last Sunday the weather was not so wet as it is today.

        上個(gè)星期天的天氣不如今天的天氣潮濕。

        句型13:more/less +adj.+than…

        I think art is less important than music.

        我認(rèn)為藝術(shù)不如音樂重要。

        句型14:stop…from doing sth.

        The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from blowing the earth away.

        綠色長城將阻擋風(fēng)吹走土壤。

        句型15:both…and…

        Both you and I are students.

        我和你都是學(xué)生。

        句型16:either…or…

        Either you or he is wrong.

        不是你錯(cuò)就是他錯(cuò)。

        句型17:neither…nor…

        Neither he nor I am a student.

        我和他都不是學(xué)生。

        句型18:…as soon as…

        As soon as I see him, I'll give him the message.

        我一見到他就把你的消息告訴他。

        句型19:so+adj./adv.+that…

        I was so tired that I didn't want to speak.

        我累得連話也不想說了。

        句型20:Though…十主句

        Though I like writing to my pen-friend,it takes a lot of time.

        雖然我喜歡給筆友寫信,但它要耗費(fèi)我大量時(shí)間。

        句型21:be going to

        This afternoon I'm going to buy an English book.

        今天下午我要去買本英語書。

        句型22:be different from

        I think this is different from Chinese names.

        我認(rèn)為這與漢語名字不同。

        句型23:Welcome (back) to…

        Welcome back to school!

        歡迎回到學(xué)校!

        句型24:have fun doing

        We're going to have fun learning English this term.

        這學(xué)期我們將興味盎然地學(xué)習(xí)講英語。

        句型25:…because…/…, so..…

        I don't know all your names because this is our first lesson.

        因?yàn)檫@是我們的第一節(jié)課,所以我并不知道你們所有人的名字。

        句型26:Why don't you…/ Why not…?

        Why don't you come to school a little earlier?

        為什么不早點(diǎn)到校呢?

        句型27:make it

        Let's make it half past nine.

        讓我們定在九點(diǎn)半吧!

        句型28:have nothing to do

        They have nothing to do every day.

        他們每天無所事事。

        句型29:be sure/be sure of/ about sth. /be sure to do sth.

        I was not sure of/about the way, so I asked someone.

        我對(duì)于怎么走沒有把握,所以我問別人了。

        句型30:between…and…

        There is a shop between the hospital and the school.

        在那家醫(yī)院和那所學(xué)校之間有一家商店。

        句型31:keep sb. /sth. +adj. /V-ing /介詞補(bǔ)語 /adv.

        You must keep your classroom clean.

        你們必須保持教室干凈。

        Sorry to have kept you waiting.

        對(duì)不起,讓你久等。

        句型32:find+賓語+賓補(bǔ)

        He finds it very hard to travel around the big city.他發(fā)現(xiàn)要環(huán)游這個(gè)大城市是很難的。

        句型33:…not…any more / longer

        The old man doesn't travel any more.

        這位老人不再旅行了。

        句型34:What's the weather like…?

        What's the weather like in spring in your hometown?

        在你們家鄉(xiāng),春天天氣怎么樣?

        句型35:There is no time to do/have no time to do

        There was no time to think.

        沒有時(shí)間思考。

        I have no time to go home for lunch.

        我沒有時(shí)間回家吃午飯。

        句型36:Help oneself to…

        Help yourself to some fish.

        吃魚吧!

        句型37:used to do

        I used to read this kind of story books.

        我過去常讀這種故事書。

        句型38:borrow…from

        I borrowed a book from him.

        我從他那借了一本書。

        句型39:lend sb. sth. /lend sth. to sb.

        He lent me a story book/He lent a story book to me.

        他借了本故事書給我。

        句型40:have been to

        Have you ever been to Hawaii?

        你曾去過夏威夷嗎?

        句型41:have gone to

        Where's he? He's gone to Washington.

        他在哪兒?他去華盛頓了。

        句型42:be famous for

        Hawaii is famous for its beautiful beaches.夏威夷以它美麗的海灘而出名。

        句型43:No matter+疑問句+主句

        No matter when you come,you are welcomed.

        無論你們什么時(shí)候來,都受歡迎。

        句型44:be afraid (of/to do/that..)

        Don't be afraid of making mistakes when speaking English.

        當(dāng)說英語時(shí)不要害怕犯錯(cuò)誤。

        句型45:…as…as possible/…as…as sb. can

        I hope to see him as soon as possible.

        我希望能盡快見到他。

        He ran here as fast as he could.

        他盡最大努力跑到這兒。

        句型46:practise /enjoy/finish doing

        Tom enjoys playing football very much.

        湯姆很喜歡踢足球。

        He finished reading the story book.

        他看完了那本故事書。

        句型47:ask sb. (not) to do sth.

        Her mother ask her to clean the room.

        她媽媽叫她打掃房間。

        句型48:be worth (doing) …

        This book is worth reading.

        這本書值得讀。

        句型49:seem to do / seem +adj. / (介詞短語)

        He seems to be angry.

        他似乎生氣了。

        The house seems too noisy.

        這房子似乎太吵了。

        句型50:It's said that…

        It's said that one of the most dangerous sharks is the Great White Shark.

        據(jù)說大白鯊是最危險(xiǎn)的鯊魚之一。

        8 大時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)

        一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

        1、概念:表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的情況;有規(guī)律出現(xiàn)的情況;總是發(fā)生的;事實(shí)真理。

        2.時(shí)間狀語: Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week (day, year, month…), on Sundays (on Mondays…), etc.

        3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+動(dòng)詞原形(如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),動(dòng)詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式)

        4.否定形式:主語+am / is / are+not+其他;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞,則在其前加 don't,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),則用 doesn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

        5.一般疑問句:把 be 動(dòng)詞放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞 do 提問,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),則用 does,同時(shí),還原行為動(dòng)詞。

        eg:

       ?、買t seldom snows here. 這里很少下雪。

       ?、贖e is always ready to help others. 他總是樂于幫助別人。

       ?、跘ction speaks louder than words. 事實(shí)勝雄辯。

        二、一般過去時(shí)

        1.概念:過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。

        2.時(shí)間狀語:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last (year,night,month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time,etc.

        3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式或 be 的過去式+名詞

        4.否定形式:主語+was / were+not+其他;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

        5.一般疑問句:was 或 were 放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞 do 的過去式 did 提問,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

        eg:

       ?、賁he often came to help us in those days.那些天她經(jīng)常來幫助我們。

       ?、贗 didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你這么忙。

        三、一般將來時(shí)

        1.概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。

        2.時(shí)間狀語:Tomorrow, next day (week,month, year…), soon, in a few minutes, by…, the day after tomorrow,etc.

        3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+am/is / are+going to+do+其它;主語+will / shall+do+其它

        4.否定形式:主語+am /is/ are not going to+do;主語+will / shall not do+其它

        5.一般疑問句:be 放于句首;will / shall 提到句首。(首字母大寫)

        eg:

       ?、賂hey are going to have a competition with us in studies.他們將在學(xué)習(xí)中與我們競爭。

       ?、贗t is going to rain.天要下雨了。

        四、一般過去將來時(shí)

        1.概念:立足于過去某一時(shí)刻,從過去看將來,常用于賓語從句中。

        2.時(shí)間狀語:The next day (morning, year…), the following month (week…), etc.

        3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+was / were+going to+do+其它;主語+would / should+do+其它

        4.否定形式:主語+was / were+not+going to+do+其它;主語+would/should+not+do.

        5.一般疑問句:was 或 were 放于句首;would / should 提到句首

        eg:

       ?、貶e said he would go to Beijing the next day. 他說他第二天要去北京。

       ?、贗 asked who was going there. 我問,誰要去那里。

        五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

        1.概念:表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。

        2.時(shí)間狀語:Now, at this time, days, look, listen, etc.

        3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+be+doing+其它

        4.否定形式:主語+be+not+doing+其它

        5.一般疑問句:把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。

        eg:

        ①Are you feeling good today?你今天感覺如何?

       ?、贖e is doing well in his lessons.在課上他表現(xiàn)得很好。

        六、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

        1.概念:表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。

        2.時(shí)間狀語:at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引導(dǎo)的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語等。

        3.基本結(jié)構(gòu): 主語+was / were+doing+其它

        4.否定形式:主語+was/were+not+doing+其它

        5.一般疑問句:把 was 或 were 放于句首。(第一個(gè)字母大寫)

        eg:

       ?、貯t that time she was working in a company. 那段時(shí)間她在一家公司工作。

       ?、赪hen he came in, I was reading a newspaper. 他進(jìn)來時(shí),我正在讀報(bào)紙。

        七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

        1.概念:過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

        2.時(shí)間狀語:yet, already, just, never, ever, so far, by now, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn),for+時(shí)間段,recently, lately, in the past few years,etc.

        3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+have / has+過去分詞+其它

        4.否定形式:主語+have / has+not+過去分詞+其它

        5.一般疑問句:have 或 has 放句首。

        eg:

       ?、買've written an article. 我已經(jīng)寫了一篇論文。

       ?、赥he countryside has changed a lot in the past few years. 在過去的幾年,農(nóng)村發(fā)生了巨大的變化。

        八、過去完成時(shí)

        1.概念:過去發(fā)生或者已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

        2.時(shí)間狀語:before, by the end of last year (term, month), etc.

        3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):had+done.

        4.否定形式:had+not+done.

        5.一般疑問句:had 放于句首。

        6.用法:

        (1)在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中。

        eg:

        She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 她告訴我她從來沒有去過巴黎。

        (2)在過去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中,發(fā)生在先,用過去完成時(shí);發(fā)生在后,用一般過去時(shí)。

        eg:

       ?、賅hen the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達(dá)時(shí),小偷們?cè)缇团芰恕?/p>

        (3)表示意向的動(dòng)詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean,suppose等,用過去完成時(shí)表示"原本…,未能…"。

        eg:

       ?、賅e had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那時(shí)我們希望你能來,但是你沒有來。

       ?、贗 had hardly opened the door when he hit me. 我剛打開門,他就打了我。

        (注意: had hardly… when... 剛......就......)

       ?、跦e had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他剛買了這輛車,轉(zhuǎn)眼又賣了。

        (注意:had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……)

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