編者按：英語的邏輯有因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、對比、否定、遞進(jìn)等，今天重點(diǎn)給大家分析因果、轉(zhuǎn)折和遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的英語學(xué)習(xí)技巧。

　　我們知道，英語是“形合”的語言，重視句法邏輯的明示，必須借助邏輯詞或代詞來保證形式上的完整。所以，在閱讀英語文章時(shí)，如果我們能重點(diǎn)關(guān)注這些邏輯詞，把文章的邏輯關(guān)系理順，那我們的閱讀速度可以加快，閱讀的正確率也能得到極大提高。

　　一、因果關(guān)系

　　1.1為什么重要：強(qiáng)調(diào)某件事情發(fā)生的原因或者造成的影響。引導(dǎo)讀者深入思考。

　　1.2常用標(biāo)志語：

　　因：because, for, since, as, due to, thanks to, in response to, on account of, because of, considering that, given that, seeing that, in that, now that,

　　果：thus, hence, therefore, so, so…that, such…that, in order that, consequently, accordingly, as a result, for this reason, lest;

　　1.3例子：

　　• Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors (嗅覺感受器), whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect slight smells.As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB (肺結(jié)).

　　• Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?

　　A) They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home.

　　B) They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result.

　　C) They do their best to cooperate with their workmates.

　　D) They are obliged to take up too many responsibilities.

　　原文：One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying "no." Women want to be able to do it all— volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals—and so their answer to any request is often "Yes, I can."

　　二、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系

　　1.1為什么重要：說明作者前面的話語都是為了鋪墊，重點(diǎn)在于“轉(zhuǎn)折”后面的內(nèi)容。而我們在答題時(shí)，也只要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注“轉(zhuǎn)折”后面的內(nèi)容就好。

　　1.2常用標(biāo)志語：but, however, yet, contrarily, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately;

　　1.3 例子：

　　• Many policy measures to control obesity (肥胖癥) assume that people consciously and rationally choose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information and more access to healthier foods," note the two researchers. "In contrast," the researchers continue, "many regulations that don't assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance--like food--of which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems. "

　　• What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to control obesity?

　　A. They should be implemented effectively.

　　B. They provide misleading information.

　　C. They are based on wrong assumptions.

　　D. They help people make rational choices.

　　三、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系

　　3.1常用標(biāo)志詞和短語：also, then, besides, additionally, in addition, furthermore, moreover, what is more; indeed;

　　3.2 例子

　　• What does the author say about midlife today?

　　A) It is more meaningful than other stages of life.

　　B) It is likely to change the narrative of one's life.

　　C) It is more important to those with a longer lifespan.

　　D) It is likely to be a critical turning point in one's life.

　　Karl Barth described midlife precisely this way. At middle age, he wrote, "the sowing is behind; now is the time to reap. The run has been taken; now is the time to leap. Preparation has been made; now is the time for the venture of the work itself."

　　The middle-aged person, Barth continued, can see death in the distance, but moves with a "measured haste" to get big new things done while there is still time.

　　What Barth wrote decades ago is even truer today. People are healthy and energetic longer. We have presidential candidates running for their first term in office at age 68, 69 and 74. A longer lifespan is changing the narrative structure of life itself. What could have been considered the beginning of a descent is now a potential turning point—the turning point you are most equipped to take full advantage of.

　　所以，大家以后在閱讀英語文章時(shí)，一定要重點(diǎn)去看那些邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)詞，因?yàn)檫@才是作者想要強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)。

　　作者| Echo

　　公眾號：Echo陪你練口語

　　本文為原創(chuàng)文章，版權(quán)歸作者所有，未經(jīng)授權(quán)不得轉(zhuǎn)載!