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      學(xué)習(xí)啦 > 學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ) > 英語(yǔ)寫作 > 英語(yǔ)寫作方法 > 英語(yǔ)寫作中定語(yǔ)從句常見錯(cuò)誤總結(jié)

      英語(yǔ)寫作中定語(yǔ)從句常見錯(cuò)誤總結(jié)

      時(shí)間: 燕妮639 分享

      英語(yǔ)寫作中定語(yǔ)從句常見錯(cuò)誤總結(jié)

        對(duì)于一個(gè)具有一定英語(yǔ)水平的人來說,了解定語(yǔ)運(yùn)用的規(guī)律,從而提高分析語(yǔ)言表現(xiàn)技巧的能力,而且還可以有力提高準(zhǔn)確、有效地運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。為此 ,本文想就英語(yǔ)中幾種常見的定語(yǔ)常見錯(cuò)誤粗略地談?wù)勛约旱目捶ā?/p>

        英語(yǔ)寫作中定語(yǔ)從句常見錯(cuò)誤總結(jié)

        由于定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法比較復(fù)雜,初學(xué)者在使用時(shí)往往容易犯一些錯(cuò)誤,最常見的有如下七種:

        一、在定語(yǔ)從句中加了多余的定語(yǔ)。如:

        1.誤:Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come.

        正:Some of the boys I invited didn’t come.

        譯:我邀請(qǐng)的男孩中有幾個(gè)沒有來。

        析:應(yīng)刪去them,因?yàn)閺木涞馁e語(yǔ)是省略了的whom,who或that。 ?

        2.誤:The book that you need it is in the library.

        正:The book that you need is in the library.

        譯:你需要的書在圖書館里。

        析:應(yīng)刪去it,因?yàn)閺木涞馁e語(yǔ)是關(guān)系代詞that。

        二、把定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)弄錯(cuò)。如:

        1.誤:Anyone who break the law will be punished.

        正:Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.

        譯:任何違犯法律的人將被處罰。

        析:應(yīng)改break為breaks,因?yàn)閣ho指anyone,是單數(shù)。 ?

        2.誤:Those who has finished may go home.

        正:Those who have finished may go home.

        譯:做完了的人現(xiàn)在可以回家。

        析:應(yīng)改has為have,因?yàn)閣ho指those,是復(fù)數(shù)。 ?

        3.誤:He is the only one of the teachers who know French in our school.

        正:He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.

        譯:他是我們學(xué)校中唯一懂法語(yǔ)的人。

        析:應(yīng)改know為knows,因?yàn)閛ne前有the only之類限定詞,定語(yǔ)從句在意義上修飾 的是the only one,是單數(shù),而不是復(fù)數(shù)名詞the teachers。 ?

        4.誤:This is one of the rooms that is free now.

        正:This is one of the rooms that are free now.

        譯:這是目前空著的房間之一。

        析:應(yīng)改is為are,因?yàn)閛ne前沒有the only之類的限定詞,定語(yǔ)從句在意義上修飾的是名詞復(fù)數(shù)the rooms,而不是單數(shù)one。

        三、誤省略了定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞。如:

        1.誤:Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.

        正:Children who that eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.

        譯:吃糖多的孩子往往牙齒不好。

        析:應(yīng)加上關(guān)系代詞who或that,因?yàn)閺木渖僦髡Z(yǔ),且主語(yǔ)不能省略。 ?

        2.誤:The key opens the bike is missing.

        正:The key that/which opens the bike is missing.

        譯:開這輛自行車的鑰匙不見了。

        析:應(yīng)加上關(guān)系代詞that或which,因?yàn)閺木渖僦髡Z(yǔ),且主語(yǔ)不能省略。

        四、定語(yǔ)從句中加了多余的關(guān)系副詞或介詞。如:

        1.誤:The house where he lives in needs repairing.

        正:The house where he lives needs repairing.

        或:The house he lives in needs repairing.

        譯:他住的房子需要修理。

        析:應(yīng)保留where,刪去從句中的in,因?yàn)殛P(guān)系副詞where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),in屬多余?;騽h去關(guān)系副詞where,因?yàn)閣here在這里的意思是in which,否則介詞in就重復(fù)了。

        2.誤:I still remember the day on when I first came to Beijing.

        正:I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

        或:I still remember the day on which I first came to Beijing.

        譯:我仍記得我第一次來到北京那天的情景。

        析:應(yīng)刪去on,因?yàn)閣hen在這里的意思是on which,否則介詞on就重復(fù)了,或把when改為which。 ?

        五、在作先行詞的時(shí)間名詞或地點(diǎn)名詞后錯(cuò)用了關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。

        1.誤:I still remember the day when we spent together.

        正:I still remember the day that/which we spent together.

        譯:我仍記得我們?cè)谝黄鸲冗^的日子。

        析:應(yīng)改when為that或which,因?yàn)閺木渲兄^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞spent是及物動(dòng)詞,其后應(yīng)跟賓語(yǔ)而不是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 ?

        2.誤:This is the house where we lived in last year.

        正:This is the house which/that we lived in last year.

        譯:這是我們?nèi)ツ曜∵^的那個(gè)房子。

        析:應(yīng)改where為which或that,因?yàn)閺木渲^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞lived后有介詞in,其后少介詞賓語(yǔ),而不是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。

        六、在先行詞reason后錯(cuò)用關(guān)系副詞why。如:

        1.誤:Have you asked her for the reason why may explain her absence?

        正:Have you asked her for the reason that/which may explain her absence?

        譯:你是否向他問過可以解釋他缺席的原因?

        析:應(yīng)改why為that或which,因?yàn)槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句缺少主語(yǔ),而不是少原因狀語(yǔ)。 2.誤:I don’t believe the reason why he has given for his being late.

        正:I don’t believe the reason that/which he has given for his being late.

        譯:我不相信他所提供的他遲到的原因。

        析:應(yīng)改why為that或which,因?yàn)閺木渲^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞has given后缺少賓語(yǔ),而不是缺少原因狀語(yǔ) 。

        七、誤將強(qiáng)調(diào)句型當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句。如:

        1.誤:It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out.

        正:It was in the kitchen that the fire broke out.

        譯:大火發(fā)生在廚房。

        析:應(yīng)將where改that,因?yàn)樵溥€原為The fire broke out in the kitchen后,在語(yǔ)法和句意上均成立,故此題是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,而非定語(yǔ)從句。 ?

        2.誤:Was it because it snowed last night when you didn’t come?

        正:Was it because it snowed last night that you didn’t come?

        譯:你是否因昨晚下雪而沒有來?

        析:應(yīng)將when改為that,因?yàn)?,原句還原為Because it snowed last night,you didn"t come后,在語(yǔ)法和句意上均成立,故此題是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型而非定語(yǔ)從句。

        2.誤:I still remember the day on when I first came to Beijing.

        正:I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

        或:I still remember the day on which I first came to Beijing.

        譯:我仍記得我第一次來到北京那天的情景。

        析:應(yīng)刪去on,因?yàn)閣hen在這里的意思是on which,否則介詞on就重復(fù)了,或把when改為which。

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