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      學(xué)習(xí)啦 > 學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ) > 專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ) > 醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ) > 常用臨床醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)中英對(duì)照

      常用臨床醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)中英對(duì)照

      時(shí)間: 澤燕681 分享

      常用臨床醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)中英對(duì)照

        臨床醫(yī)學(xué)是研究疾病的病因、診斷、治療和預(yù)后,提高臨床治療水平,促進(jìn)人體健康的科學(xué)。接下來(lái)小編為大家整理常用臨床醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)中英對(duì)照,希望對(duì)你有幫助哦!

        diseases 疾病

        acute diseases 急性病

        rehabilitation 康復(fù)

        relapse 復(fù)發(fā)

        sudden death 猝死

        moribund 瀕死的

        course of the disease 病程

        course of the treatment 療程

        indication 適應(yīng)癥,指征

        complication 并發(fā)癥

        contraindication 禁忌癥

        side-effect 副作用

        sequel (sequela), after effect 后遺癥

        advanced diseases 病沉重期,晚期疾病

        chronic diseases慢性病

        communicable diseases 傳染病

        complicating diseases 并發(fā)病

        congenital diseases 先天性疾病

        acquired diseases 后天性疾病

        contagious diseases接觸性傳染病

        endemic diseases 地方病

        epidemic diseases 流行病

        functional diseases 機(jī)能病、官能病

        infectious diseases 傳染病

        inherited diseases 遺傳病

        malignant diseases惡性病

        nutritional diseases 營(yíng)養(yǎng)病

        occupation diseases 職業(yè)病

        organic diseases 器質(zhì)性病

        paroxysmal diseases 陣發(fā)性病

        periodical diseases 周期病

        primary(principal)diseases原發(fā)(主導(dǎo))病

        secondary diseases 繼發(fā)病

        sexual(venereal, social)diseases 性病

        terminal diseases 絕癥

        wasting diseases 消耗性疾病chief complaint 主訴

        clinical manifestation 臨床表現(xiàn)

        delivery history 分娩史

        etiology病因?qū)W

        family history 家族史

        history, medical history 病史

        precipitating(induced)誘因

        marital status婚姻狀況

        menstrual history 月經(jīng)史

        menarche 初潮

        menopause閉經(jīng)

        past history既往史

        pathogenesis 發(fā)病機(jī)制

        personal history 個(gè)人史symptoms 癥狀

        cardinal symptom 主要癥狀

        classical symptom 典型癥狀

        concomitant symptom 伴發(fā)癥狀

        constitutional(systemic) symptom 全身癥狀

        indirect symptom 間接癥狀

        induced symptom 誘發(fā)癥狀

        local symptom 局部癥狀

        mental symptom精神癥狀

        symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom 綜合癥,癥候群

        signs體征

        antecedent 前驅(qū)征

        assident (accessory) 副征

        commemorative 后遺癥

        sign of death 死征

        diagnostic診斷征

        sign of disease 病征

        subjective 自覺(jué)征,主觀(guān)征

        vein sign靜脈征vital sign 生命體征

        body length (height of the body) 身高

        body weight 體重

        barrel chest 桶狀胸

        cachexia 惡病質(zhì)

        compulsive position 被動(dòng)體位

        critical facies 病危面容

        emaciation 消瘦

        enophthalmos 眼球下陷

        entropion 瞼內(nèi)翻

        exophthalmos 眼球突出

        flushed face 面色潮紅

        gain (loss) in weight 增加(減輕)體重

        lock-jaw 牙關(guān)緊閉

        lordosis 脊柱前凸

        nasal ala flap 鼻翼扇動(dòng)

        nystagmus 眼震

        obesity 肥胖

        pallor 蒼白

        scolisis 脊柱側(cè)凸

        agitation 焦急不安

        debility, weakness 虛弱

        diaphoresis 出汗,大量出汗

        dizziness, vertigo 眩暈

        lassitude, fatigue 無(wú)力,倦怠

        malaise 不適

        night sweat 盜汗

        numbness 麻木

        rigor, chill 寒冷,發(fā)冷

        perspiration, sweating 出汗

        pruritus, itching 癢,

        somasthenia 軀體無(wú)力

        tingling 麻刺感abscess 膿腫

        acidosis 酸中毒

        adhesion 粘連

        alkalosis 堿中毒

        allergy 過(guò)敏

        coagulation defect 凝血不良

        congestion 充血

        dehydration 脫水

        distention 膨脹

        edema 水腫

        embolism 栓塞,栓塞形成

        fluid and electrolyte imbalance 水電解質(zhì)紊亂

        gangrene 壞疽

        hematoma 血腫

        hemorrhage, bleeding 出血

        infarction 梗塞,梗死

        infection 傳染

        inflammation 炎癥

        ketoacidosis 酮酸中毒

        metastasis 轉(zhuǎn)移

        perforation 穿孔

        necrosis 壞死

        shock 休克

        response 反應(yīng),應(yīng)答

        reaction 反應(yīng),感應(yīng)

        thrombosis 血栓形成

        ulceration 潰瘍fever, pyrexia 發(fā)燒,發(fā)熱

        continuous fever 稽留熱

        intermittent fever 間歇熱

        low-grade fever 低熱

        remittent fever 馳張熱

        relapsing fever 回歸熱pain 痛

        burning pain 灼痛

        chest(flank,…) pain 胸(脅腹…)痛

        cramp-like pain 痙攣性痛

        dull, diffused pain 彌漫性鈍痛

        pleuritic pain 胸膜炎性痛

        radiating pain (pain radiating to…) 放射性痛(放射到…疼痛)angina 絞痛

        cardiac angina 心絞痛

        backache 背痛

        colic 絞痛,急腹痛

        earache 耳痛

        headache 頭痛

        neuralgia 神經(jīng)痛

        migraine 偏頭痛

        rebound tenderness 反跳痛

        somatalgia 軀體痛

        sore throat 咽喉痛

        stomachache 胃痛

        toothache 牙痛

        bloody sputum 帶血的痰

        cough 咳嗽

        dry cough 干咳

        expectoration 咳痰

        expectoration of blood 咳血

        hemoptysis 咳血anoxia 缺氧

        apnea 呼吸暫停,窒息

        asthma 氣喘,哮喘

        Cheyne Stokes respiration 切-斯氏呼吸,潮式呼吸

        dyspnea 呼吸困難

        hyperpnea hyperventilation 過(guò)度呼吸,換氣過(guò)度

        hypopnea 呼吸不全, 呼吸淺表

        hypoxia 低氧,缺氧

        orthopnea 端坐呼吸

        respiratory arrest 呼吸停止

        suffocation 窒息

        tachypnea 呼吸急促

        fetid breath 口臭

        fruity breath 呼吸有水果味arrhythmia 心律失常,心律不齊

        atelectasis 肺不張,肺膨脹不全

        cardiac arrest 心搏驟停

        cardiac hypertrophy 心臟肥大

        cyanosis 發(fā)紺,青紫

        distension of jugular vein 頸靜脈怒張

        extrasystole 期外收縮

        gallop rhythm 奔馬律

        hemopleura 血胸

        hepatojugular reflux 肝頸靜脈回流

        hypovolemia (循環(huán))血容量減少

        palpitation 心悸

        tachycardia 心動(dòng)過(guò)速

        pneumothorax 氣胸

        thrill 震顫

        absent breath sounds 呼吸音消失

        dull sound 濁音

        hyperresonant 鼓音

        rale 啰音

        rhonchus, rhonchi 鼾音,干啰音

        wheeze 哮鳴音anorexia, loss of appetite 食欲不振,厭食

        dysphagia 吞咽困難

        eructation 噯氣

        belching 噯氣

        flatulence 氣脹

        flatus 腸胃氣,屁

        gaseous distention 胃脹氣

        hematemesis 嘔血

        hiccough, hiccup 打呃,呃逆

        nausea 惡心

        pyrosis 胃灼熱

        regurgitation 反胃,回流

        thirsty 口渴

        vomiting 嘔吐

        anal fissure, crack in the anal canal 肛裂

        ascites 腹水

        board-like rigidity of the abdomen 板狀腹

        decreased tactile fremitus 觸覺(jué)性震顫減弱

        exophageal varices 食管靜脈曲張

        fistula 瘺,瘺管

        hemorrhoid 痔

        hernia 疝

        hepatomegaly 肝腫大

        intussusception 腸套疊

        jaundice 黃疸

        muscle guarding, defence of the abdominal wall 腹壁肌衛(wèi)

        peristalsis 蠕動(dòng)

        loss of peristalsis 蠕動(dòng)消失

        mass peristalsis 總?cè)鋭?dòng)

        retrograde (reversed) peristalsis 逆蠕動(dòng)

        prolapse 脫垂

        prolapse of anus 脫肛

        rectal prolapse 直腸脫垂,脫肛

        volvulus 腸扭轉(zhuǎn)calculus 結(jié)石, 石

        biliary calculus 膽結(jié)石

        vesical calculus 膀胱結(jié)石constipation 便秘

        defecation 排便

        diarrhea 腹瀉

        incontinence of feces 大便失禁

        hematochezia 便血

        fecal impaction 大便嵌塞

        occult blood 潛血

        painful straining with defecation 排便痛性牽動(dòng)

        clay colored stools 陶土色便

        dark, granular/coffee ground emesis 咖啡樣嘔吐物

        fecal vomiting, stercoraceous vomiting 嘔糞,吐糞

        foul fatty stools, steatorrhea 惡臭脂肪便,脂肪痢

        scanty and hard stools 便少而硬

        tarry (black) stools 柏油樣便anuria 無(wú)尿

        burning sensation no urination 排尿時(shí)的灼燒感

        dysurea 排尿困難,尿痛

        enuresis, bed wetting 遺尿

        frequency of urination 尿頻

        micturation 排尿

        uresis, urination, voiding 排尿

        nocturia 夜尿

        oliguria 少尿

        polyuria 多尿

        tenesmus 里急后重

        vesical tenesmus 排尿時(shí)里急后重

        uremia coma 尿毒癥昏迷

        urgency of urination 尿急

        urinary incontinence 尿失禁aciduria 酸尿

        chyluria 乳糜尿

        cylindruia 管型尿

        glycosuria 糖尿

        hematuria 血尿

        ketonuria 酮尿

        pneumatinuria 氣尿

        proteinuria 蛋白尿

        pyuria 膿尿amenorrhea 經(jīng)閉,無(wú)月經(jīng)

        dysmenorrhea 痛經(jīng)

        menorrhagia 月經(jīng)過(guò)多

        lochia 惡露

        menorrhea 行經(jīng),月經(jīng)過(guò)多

        menstruation 月經(jīng)

        uterine contraction 子宮收縮blotch 斑點(diǎn)

        bruise 挫傷,青腫

        acne 痤瘡,粉刺

        desquamation 脫皮,脫屑

        ecchymosis 瘀斑

        loss of skin turgor 失去皮膚充盈

        nevus 痣

        papule 丘疹

        petechia 瘀點(diǎn),瘀斑

        pigmentation 色素沉著

        pustule 膿皰

        purpura 紫癲

        red nodule 紅結(jié)節(jié)

        roseola 玫瑰疹

        scar 傷疤

        senile plaque 老人斑

        spider anaioma 蛛形痣

        subcutaneous nodule 皮下結(jié)節(jié)

        urticaria 蕁麻疹

        vesicle 小水皰

        vitiligo 白斑blindness 失明

        blurred vision, visual disturbance 視力模糊

        impaired vision 視力下降

        lacrimation 流淚

        papilledema 視神經(jīng)乳頭水腫

        photophobia 畏光,羞明

        retinal detachment 視網(wǎng)膜脫離deafness 聾

        hearing loss 聽(tīng)力喪失

        tinnitus 耳鳴

        epistaxis, nasal bleeding 鼻出血

        impaired smelling 嗅覺(jué)障礙

        nasal discharge 鼻涕

        nasal obstruction 鼻塞

        sneeze 噴嚏

        snore 打鼾

        aphonia, loss of voice 失音癥

        hoarseness 嘶啞

        gum bleeding 齒齦出血

        herpes labialis 唇皰疹,感冒瘡

        Koplik's spots 科普利克斑

        lead line of the gum 齦鉛線(xiàn)

        salivation, drooling 流口水

        straw-berry tongue 草莓舌

        tremulous tongue 舌震顫atrophy 萎縮

        contracture 攣縮

        deformity 畸形,變形

        dislocation 脫位

        fracture 骨折

        closed (simple)fracture 無(wú)創(chuàng)骨折,單純性骨折

        comminuted fracture 粉碎性骨折

        compound fracture 哆開(kāi)(開(kāi)放性)骨折

        knock-knee 膝外翻

        opisthotonos 角弓反張

        prosthesis 假體

        spasm 痙攣

        tetany (肌)強(qiáng)直,手足抽搦

        wrist drop 腕下垂aphasia 失語(yǔ)

        ataxia 共濟(jì)失調(diào)

        coma 昏迷

        consciousness 知覺(jué),意識(shí)

        convulsion 抽搐,驚厥

        delirium 譫妄

        delusion 妄想

        faint 昏厥

        hallucination 幻覺(jué)

        hemiplegia 偏癱

        increased intracranial pressure 顱內(nèi)壓增高

        insanity 精神錯(cuò)亂

        loss of orientation 定向喪失

        mania 躁狂

        memory defects, amnesia 記憶缺損,遺忘癥

        paraplegia 截癱,下身麻痹

        projectile vomiting 噴射性嘔吐

        somnolence, (lethargy) 昏睡,嗜睡

        stupor 木僵,昏呆

        tetraplegia 四肢癱瘓

        unconsciousness 失去知覺(jué)

        yawning 打哈欠crisis 危象

        cerebral (febrile, hematic, hemolytic,hypertensive, thyrotoxic, ……) crisis

        腦(熱、血性、溶血、高血壓、甲狀腺中毒…)危象

        failure 衰竭,故障

        central (circulatory, cardiac, myocardiac, peripheral, congestive, renal, respiratory) failure

        中樞(循環(huán)、心力、心肌、周?chē)h(huán)、充血性、腎、呼吸…)衰竭diagnosis診斷

        auscultation 聽(tīng)診

        inspection 視診

        palpation觸診

        percussion 叩診

        laboratory examination 實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查

        physical examination 體格檢查

        rectal (vaginal) touch 直腸(陰道)指診

        impression 印象

        tentative diagnosis 暫定診斷

        differential diagnosis 鑒別診斷

        final diagnosis 最后診斷

        prognosis 預(yù)后

        prescription 處方

        incubation (latent) period 潛伏期

        prodromal stage 前驅(qū)期

        incipient stage 初期

        quiescent stage 靜止期

        alleviation 減輕,緩和

        remission 緩解

        attack 發(fā)作

        convalescence (recovery) stage 恢復(fù)期

        therapies 治療方法

        acupuncture therapy 針刺療法

        block therapy 封閉療法

        chemical therpy (chemo-therapy) 化學(xué)療法

        combined therapy 綜合療法

        conservative therapy 保守療法

        constitutional therapy 全身療法

        dietetic therapy 飲食療法

        operative treatment 手術(shù)療法

        palliative treatment, alleviative treatment 姑息療法

        physical therapy 物理療法

        psychotherapy 精神療法

        radical treatment 根治

        radio-therapy 放射性療法

        supporting treatment 支持療法

        symptomatic treatment對(duì)癥療法

        cardiac massage 心臟按摩

        cardiac pacing 心臟起博

        electrotherapy 電療法

        electroshock treatment 電休克療法

        hemodialysis 血液透析

        hyperbaric therapy 高壓氧療法

        insulin-shock treatment 胰島素休克療法

        light therapy 光療法

        therapeutic gymnastics 醫(yī)療體育

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