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      學(xué)習(xí)啦 > 學(xué)習(xí)英語 > 英語閱讀 > 英語優(yōu)美段落 > 初中英語的句子成分分析法

      初中英語的句子成分分析法

      時(shí)間: 韋彥867 分享

      初中英語的句子成分分析法

        初中英語教學(xué)的主要目標(biāo)是讓學(xué)生學(xué)會對英語句子進(jìn)行成分分析,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的寫作能力。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編帶來的初中英語句子成分,歡迎閱讀!

        初中英語句子成分學(xué)習(xí)

        句子成分:主語、謂語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語等。

        主要成分:主語和謂語

        1、主語

        一個(gè)句子中需要加以說明或描述的對象。主語的位置:

        一般位于句首,由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短語等充當(dāng)。 The school is far from here. 名詞做主語

        She goes to school by bike.

        Eight is a lucky number.

        The blind need more help. 代詞做主語 數(shù)詞做主語 名詞化的形容詞做主語

        There is a pen on the desk. 名詞做主語

        Predicting the future is interesting.

        To be a doctor is my dream.

        2、謂語

        表示人或事物(主語)的動(dòng)作和存在的狀態(tài).

        英語中由動(dòng)詞be、動(dòng)詞have和行為動(dòng)詞來充當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞 句子的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)是通過謂語表現(xiàn)出來。

        謂語動(dòng)詞往往由一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的構(gòu)成。 分析句子的主語和謂語

        Mr. Li teaches English.

        He can play the piano.

        My parents and I are having dinner.

        3、表語

        用來說明主語的身份、特征、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)。

        表語的位置

        用在動(dòng)詞be和系動(dòng)詞的后面。

        名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、副詞等都可以和連系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。 Your pen is on the desk.

        He got very angry.

        My dream is to have a robot.

        動(dòng)名詞做主語 不定式短語做主語

        常見的系動(dòng)詞

        1. be動(dòng)詞

        2. 與感覺有關(guān)的動(dòng)詞 look, sound, smell, taste, feel 等

        3. 表示狀態(tài)變化的動(dòng)詞,意為“變得” “變成” 如 get, grow, turn等

        上述兩類詞作連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用形容詞作表語,千萬不能用副詞。

        4、賓語

        是動(dòng)作的對象或承受者。及物動(dòng)詞:直接接賓語的謂語動(dòng)詞.

        不及物動(dòng)詞:不能直接帶賓語的謂語動(dòng)詞.

        賓語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句構(gòu)成.

        I saw a plane in the sky just now.

        I want three. 名詞做賓語 數(shù)詞做賓語

        I like going shopping. 動(dòng)名詞做賓語

        We think predicting the future is hard.

        5、賓語補(bǔ)足語(賓補(bǔ)) 賓語從句

        有些及物動(dòng)詞除了要有一個(gè)賓語之外, 還須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)足語。如果沒有補(bǔ)足語(賓補(bǔ)), 有時(shí)候句子的意思就不完整。 充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)的有:

        1. 形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語

        The sun keeps us warm.

        2. 介詞短語作賓語補(bǔ)足語:

        I found her in the room.

        3. 副詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

        Please let him in.

        4. 名詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

        We made him monitor of the class.

        5. 動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞也能用作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

        I asked him to come.

        6、定語

        定語修飾名詞或代詞(即在漢語里的……的)

        1. 形容詞作定語(一般放在被修飾語之前,修飾不定代詞時(shí)放在后面)

        They have a clever son.

        I have something important to tell you.

        2. 名詞作定語:

        Is it a color film?

        名詞作定語一般用單數(shù)形式, 如:

        school bus, ticket office, paper flowers

        但也有例外,如: sports meeting, clothes shop

        man 和 woman修飾的名詞如果是復(fù)數(shù),它們總以復(fù)數(shù)的形式作定語,如:

        men drivers , women doctors

        3. 代詞作定語:

        This song is better than that one.

        4. 數(shù)詞作定語:

        There are only thirty students in our class.

        帶有數(shù)字的復(fù)合形容詞.當(dāng)復(fù)合形容詞用連字號連接時(shí),其中的名詞要用單數(shù)形式.

        a two-day holiday a three-year-old boy

        5. 副詞作定語():

        Do you know the young man over there?

        6. 介詞短語作定語(The students in our class like swimming.

        7、狀語

        修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞或副詞,有的修飾全句, 用以說明地點(diǎn), 時(shí)間, 方式, 程度, 原因, 目的, 結(jié)果, 條件, 讓步等.

        1. 副詞作狀語:

        The old man is walking slowly.

        The boy is very clever.

        2. 介詞短語作狀語: 表方式 表程度

        I have lived in Shanghai for five years.

        3. 不定式作狀語 表時(shí)間

        I come here to see you.

        4. 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語 表目的

        The teacher came in, holding a book in his hand. 表方式

        5. 狀語從句

        We’ll go shopping if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.

        狀語的位置

        1. 在一般情況下,用于句末。

        We like our school very much.

        2.為了強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語,可以把它放在句首.

        I usually get up at six, but this morning I got up at eight.

        3. 表頻度的副詞通常用于句中, 如always, usually, often, hardly, never,

        用于行為動(dòng)詞前,be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后

        I usually get up early.

        He is often late.

        一些副詞, 如already, once, just, soon, yet, still, nearly, almost, really, suddenly, certainly等用法相似 sometimes, now可以位于句首,句中或句末

        only 在句中的位置比較靈活, 但位置不同, 意義也不同.

        The actor only sang a song.

        Only the actor sang a song.

        The actor sang only one song.

        兩個(gè)或多個(gè)狀語同時(shí)修飾時(shí)的順序

        1. 地點(diǎn)狀語在前, 時(shí)間狀語在后.

        We will have a meeting in Room 202 tomorrow.

        2. 較小單位的狀語在前,由小到大

        Mr. Li lives at 88 Chongwen Rd., Suzhou, Jiangsu.

        3. 一個(gè)句子有幾個(gè)不同種類的副詞作狀語, 其順序大都是: 程度副詞,方式副詞, 地點(diǎn)副詞, 時(shí)間副詞 She sang very well at the meeting last night.

        時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)狀語也可以位于句首, 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或使上下文更為連貫

        Usually I read the newspapers in the morning, but yesterday I read them in the evening.

        初中英語句子成分練習(xí)

        I.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,并與A-D的漢語翻譯相匹配。

        impress; pour; speak 1. Once ______, a word becomes a promise.

        2. Once ______, water cannot be taken back again.

        3. ______ by the beautiful scenery, I forgot to go back home in time.

        A.覆水難收 B.流連忘返 C.一言既出,駟馬難追

        II.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

        1. ______ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful to us.

        2. ______ (give) time, he’ll make a first class tennis player.

        3. ______ (look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground.

        III.將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.由于被媽媽所說的話所感動(dòng),我忍不住哭了起來。

        2.如果給我們一個(gè)機(jī)會,我們將給大家一個(gè)非常好的表演。

        3.當(dāng)問到他出生在哪里時(shí),約翰說他是紐約人。

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