英語(yǔ)寫作被廣泛地運(yùn)用于生活的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,良好的英語(yǔ)寫作能力是進(jìn)行有效交流所必備的元素。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編帶來的英語(yǔ)段落寫作法，歡迎閱讀!

　　英語(yǔ)段落寫作法精選

　　一、如何寫好段落的主題句

　　主題句是對(duì)段落中心思想的概括，具有統(tǒng)率全段的作用，它可以位于段落的開頭、中間或結(jié)尾。但通常應(yīng)位于段落的開頭。寫主題句時(shí)應(yīng)該注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

　　1確定主題的方向和范圍。

　　一個(gè)段落只能有一個(gè)主題。例如：“the advantages of watching television”這個(gè)主題就完全可以用一段文字來敘述。但如果題目擴(kuò)展為：“the ad-vantages and disadvantages of watching television”，那么就需要用兩段文字分別加以論述。因?yàn)槠渲泻袃蓚€(gè)主題，即“advantages”和“disadvantages”。

　　段落主題的大小一定要適當(dāng)，比如“solar energy”這個(gè)主題對(duì)一段文字來說過大，單個(gè)段落根本無(wú)法說明清楚。若將其縮小為“the solar water heater installed at building 39”就更適合段落主題了。

　　縮小主題范圍的方法很多，其中一種就是挑選涉及范圍較廣的主題的某個(gè)具體方面，或用時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)對(duì)其加以限制。如：

　　主題過大→較大→具體

　　public transportation→the subway system→the subway line in Beijing

　　gardening→vegetable gardening→growing carrots

　　animals→dogs→the dog I bought yesterday

　　2主題必須是段落內(nèi)容的濃縮，它必須具備展開，即進(jìn)一步說明的可能。 如果過于具體，則很難對(duì)之加以論述。如：“The Sony word processor costs 40.”就過于具體。若改成“The Sony word processor is an efficient machine.” 就比較好。

　　3.一個(gè)主題定好后，即選定幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞(key words)來組成主題句。 這些關(guān)鍵詞必須能夠充分表達(dá)主題的方向和范圍。例如：我們確定的主題的方向是一段講述“發(fā)現(xiàn)控制癌癥新方法”，那么我們就會(huì)選其關(guān)鍵詞“control cancer”和“new way”，因此，該段的英文主題句可寫為：“A new way of controlling cancer has been developed.”或“There is a new way of controlling cancer.”

　　4.主題句應(yīng)盡量使用簡(jiǎn)潔明了的句子，以便直接而清晰地表明中心思想或主題。

　　如果使用較復(fù)雜的句型或復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，有時(shí)倒會(huì)造成理解上的困難。試比較下列幾句同一意義的主題句：

　　句1：In the United States，the system offorced labor，which was known as slavery lasted almost 250 years.

　　句2：In the United States，the system offorced labor lasted almost 250 years. 句3：Slavery lasted almost 250 years in the United States.

　　句1有一個(gè)修飾forced labor的定語(yǔ)從句，顯得很累贅;句2刪去了這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，不但不影響主題句的意義，反比句1簡(jiǎn)潔多了;句3的措詞造句，既簡(jiǎn)潔又清晰，一目了然。

　　再看另一個(gè)例子：

　　句4：Pride and Prejudice was a book which in my opinion I enjoyed reading verym uch.(復(fù)雜而又冗長(zhǎng))

　　句5：I enjoyed reading Pride and Prejudice very much.(直接又清晰)

　　句5較句4簡(jiǎn)明。而且，表示人物思想感情的句子，用人作主語(yǔ)要比以物作主語(yǔ)更加有力和富于感情色彩。

　　二、如何寫好段落的展開句

　　展開句是用來支持或說明主題句的句子。寫作時(shí)應(yīng)該注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

　　1避免寫出與主題句不相關(guān)的句子。

　　段落中的每一句都必須緊緊圍繞主題句，即保持統(tǒng)一性，也就是我們通常所說的“切題”。例如：

　　We never had enough time to eat lunch in high school：half of the time I'd get a stomachache from hurriedly wolfing down the food.The food was lousy，anyway，and the kitchen was in poor condition.We complained to the administration，but it didn't do any good.

　　本段的主題句為“We never had enough time to eat lunch in high school”，而展開句的第二句卻談起了糟糕的伙食“lousy food”，這顯然與主題無(wú)關(guān)。

　　2正確使用過渡性詞語(yǔ)，使段落具有連貫性。

　　過渡性詞語(yǔ)是一些關(guān)系引導(dǎo)詞，用來作為連接手段，能使文章通順連貫。過渡性詞語(yǔ)不僅能承上啟下，還能轉(zhuǎn)折上下文的語(yǔ)氣，加強(qiáng)句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，從而把整段文字連成一體。試比較以下兩段文字：

　　A：There are reasons why I like to fish.I enjoy the pull of a big fish at the other end of the line.My enjoyment increases if the fish is in the deep waters of a lake.The hope of catching a big one lures me to the lesser known pool sand the cool waters near some hidden rock.I like the quiet under the open sky away from the weekend campers and vacationists.

　　B：I prefer the last reason.

　　There are three reasons why I like to fish.First，I enjoy the pull of a big fish at the other end of the line.Moreover，my enjoyment increases if the fish is in the deep waters of a lake.Second，the hope of catching a big one lures me to the lesser known pools and the cool waters near some hidden rock.Finally，I like the quiet under the open sky away from the weekend campers and vacationists.Of the three reasons，I prefer the last.

　　上面兩段文字內(nèi)容相同，不同的是A段因未使有過渡性詞語(yǔ)，讀起來顯得缺乏條理，不流暢。而B段落使用了過渡性詞語(yǔ)，表達(dá)得井井有條。

　　英語(yǔ)段落寫作法閱讀

　　過渡性詞語(yǔ)常用于句首、句中，常見的有以下幾種：

　　(1)表示時(shí)間(time)或順序(sequence)：

　　after，and so forth，at last，eventually，finally，first，first of all，lately，since，then，soon，later，recently...

　　(2)表示空間(space)：

　　above，across，against，around，before，behind，below，beneath，close to，next to，oppositeto，over，under，on...

　　(3)表示因果(cause and effect)：

　　accordingly，as a result，because，consequently，due to，hence，so，thus，therefore，in this way...

　　(4)表示比較(comparison)或?qū)Ρ?contrast)：

　　although，but，even so，however，in contrast，instead，likewise，nevertheless，like，on the contrary，similarly，whereas...

　　(5)表示舉例(example)或例證(illustration)：

　　a case in point，for example，for instance，namely，that is，such as，as an illustration...

　　(6)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)(em phasis)

　　again，also，anyway，besides，furthermore，in addition，in fact，in particular，moreover，of course，indeed，truly...

　　(7)表示結(jié)論(conclusion)或總結(jié)(summary)：

　　as has been noted，in brief，in conclusion，in short，in summary，to conclude，tosum up，in the whole...

　　(To be continued)

　　英語(yǔ)段落寫作法學(xué)習(xí)

　　1、盡量混合使用簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句，以避免句型單調(diào)。

　　請(qǐng)看下面兩段文字：

　　A.The old man began to tell us the story of his life.He was fifteen.He ran away to the sea.He traveled to South America，China，and Australia.Then he was too old to work.He came to this country to live with relatives.Now he thinks all the time about the“good old days”.He was young then.

　　B.The old man began to tell us the story of his life.When he was fifteen，he ran away to the sea.He traveled to South America，China and Australia.When he was too old to work，he came to this country to live with relatives.Now he thinks all the time about the“good old days” when he was young.

　　在上述兩段文字中，A段僅用了八個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，顯得單調(diào)，無(wú)韻味。而在B段中，簡(jiǎn)單句和復(fù)合句交叉使用，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)更清晰，內(nèi)容更有趣，讀者讀起來也不覺得乏味。

　　2、符合時(shí)間順序(time order)，使文章一目了然。

　　下面這段文章就是按事物發(fā)展的時(shí)間順序來寫的。它清楚地交待了“我”從一個(gè)孩子變成一個(gè)畫家的發(fā)展過程。

　　Ever since I was a child，I had wanted to study art.Since my adolescence，I used to draw whenever I could.Ten years ago，when I was eighteen years old，I came to the United States.At first I studied only English.Then I went to art school.After graduation I began to win prizes from my paintings.Finally I became very rich.

　　3、符合空間順序(space order)。

　　描寫事物時(shí)，應(yīng)該按照事物發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)(location)及相互空間關(guān)系(spatial relationship)排列，從近及遠(yuǎn)，或從遠(yuǎn)到近，或從上到下，或從下到上，或由里及外，或由四周到中央，或從一邊到另一邊。例如：

　　In the western suburbs of the city of Wuhan，there stands a small town.That is my hometown.To the south of the small town， there is a little river，on the bank of which many trees are flourishing .At some distance to the north，there rises a hill which is called Flower Hill，on which there are many big trees and beautiful flowers.

　　這段文章就是采取從南向北、由近及遠(yuǎn)的寫法，介紹了小鎮(zhèn)的環(huán)境、風(fēng)景等情況，使讀者一目了然。