3.9 指示代詞 | ||
? | 1) 指示代詞分單數(shù)(this / that)和復(fù)數(shù)(these / those)兩種形式,既可作限定詞又可做代詞,例如: 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 限定詞:This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers. 代詞: This is Mary. Those are my teachers. 2) 指示代詞的句法功能; a. 作主語 This is the way to do it. 這事兒就該這樣做。 b. 作賓語 I like this better than that. 我喜歡這個甚至那個。 c. 作主語補語 My point is this. 我的觀點就是如此。 d. 作介詞賓語 I don't say no to that. 我并未拒絕那個。 There is no fear of that. 那并不可怕。 說明1: 指示代詞在作主語時可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分時只能指物,不能指人,例如: (對)That is my teacher. 那是我的老師。( that作主語,指人) (對)He is going to marry this girl. 他要和這個姑娘結(jié)婚。(this作限定詞) (錯)He is going to marry this.。╰his作賓語時不能指人) (對)I bought this. 我買這個。(this指物,可作賓語) 說明2: That和those可作定語從句的先行詞,但this和 these不能,同時,在作先行詞時,只有those可指人,試比較: (對) He admired that which looked beautiful. 他贊賞外表漂亮的東西。 (對) He admired those who looked beautiful. 他贊賞那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人) (錯) He admired that who danced well.。╰hat作賓語時不能指人) (對) He admired those who danced well. 他贊賞跳舞好的人。(those指人) (對) He admired those which looked beautiful. 他贊賞那些外表漂亮的東西。(those指物) |