雅思寫(xiě)作7分必備知識(shí)點(diǎn)
雅思寫(xiě)作應(yīng)該如何有效的去備考呢，其實(shí)大多數(shù)的考生對(duì)這方面都是沒(méi)有辦法下手的，不知道該怎樣備考才會(huì)更加有效。為了幫助大家更好的備考雅思寫(xiě)作，小編特意為大家準(zhǔn)備了雅思寫(xiě)作必備知識(shí)點(diǎn)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，希望對(duì)大家的備考有所幫助!
雅思寫(xiě)作7分必備知識(shí)點(diǎn)
task response 切題
· addressesallparts of the task
· presentsa clear position throughoutthereponse
· presents, extend and supports main ideas, but there may be atendency to over-generalise and/or supporting ideas may lack focus.
用中文最簡(jiǎn)單的理解是：首尾都要回答問(wèn)題，允許泛泛而談。
這就是說(shuō)，其實(shí)沒(méi)必要花太多的精力去考慮觀點(diǎn)是否絕對(duì)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)是否意義深刻，關(guān)鍵是要告訴考官你的思考邏輯。這就是劍橋雅思的魅力，它要考你的不是你的思維能力，而是你的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力。哪怕再ridiculous的觀點(diǎn)，只要你能用最恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)言去表達(dá)，你也可以同樣得7分(當(dāng)然，如果你的目標(biāo)是8分，你就當(dāng)我說(shuō)廢話吧)。
還有就是說(shuō)，很多題目本身包含很廣泛的概念，很多大學(xué)教授用十幾萬(wàn)字都解釋不清的關(guān)系，怎么就能讓我們這些門(mén)外漢用三言?xún)烧Z(yǔ)就解釋好呢。畢竟我們都是正常人，我們都有自己的思考能力和理解能力，我們說(shuō)的每一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)都是make sense，不make sense的是我們沒(méi)把那個(gè)觀點(diǎn)說(shuō)清楚。
Bcoherence and cohesion 連貫性
· logically organisesinformation and ideas, there is clearprogression throughout
· lisesa range of cohesive devicesappropriatelyalthough there may be some under-or over use
· presentsa clear topicwithin each paragragh
用中文最簡(jiǎn)單的意思是：分段分點(diǎn)，每點(diǎn)之前必須有連接詞。
考官最為推介的范式(以argumentation的題目為例，因?yàn)閞eport類(lèi)的文章更死板了)：開(kāi)頭段+主體段(讓步一段，支持/反對(duì)兩段)+結(jié)尾段。其實(shí)說(shuō)白了，就是我們最熟悉不過(guò)的模版。也就是說(shuō)，模版是非常有用的，之所以變成沒(méi)用是因?yàn)橛媚０宓哪莻€(gè)人沒(méi)有用。
Clexcial resource 詞匯
· usesa sufficient rangeof vocabulary toallow some flexibility and precision
· usesless common lexical itemswith someawareness of style and collocation
· mayproduce occasional errosin wordchoice, spelling and/or word formation
用中文最簡(jiǎn)單的意思是：足夠就好，不需要多;一兩個(gè)大詞就夠，不需要濫。
一說(shuō)到單詞，相信我們并不陌生，甚至認(rèn)為學(xué)英語(yǔ)就是背單詞，寫(xiě)作就是單詞的選美與堆砌。盡管我們都知道這是不對(duì)的，但是依舊默默地堅(jiān)持著，比如說(shuō)背誦一大堆除了莎士比亞見(jiàn)過(guò)之外其他人都沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)的大詞。這樣的復(fù)習(xí)會(huì)很累，而且會(huì)逐漸把雅思寫(xiě)作從邏輯表述變成詞匯大雜燴。
經(jīng)過(guò)我寫(xiě)了大概30篇雅思作文，我覺(jué)得我們需要的詞匯其實(shí)真的不多我想說(shuō)的是，記單詞最好的方法是，把單詞放到句型或者例句上面來(lái)，然后句型或者例句一定要與雅思寫(xiě)作topic相關(guān)。如果不相關(guān)，證明那個(gè)詞就算記住了，也不會(huì)用。
Dgrammaticalrange and accuracy 語(yǔ)法
· uses a variety of complex structures
· producesfrequent error-free sentences
· hasgood control of grammar and punctuation but may make a few mistake
用中文最簡(jiǎn)單的意思是：句子結(jié)構(gòu)多樣性和允許語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤的存在。
對(duì)于句子結(jié)構(gòu)多樣性，這一點(diǎn)，我們中國(guó)學(xué)生肯定沒(méi)問(wèn)題的，什么定語(yǔ)從句，什么名詞性從句，什么狀語(yǔ)從句，倒裝句，虛擬語(yǔ)態(tài)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)等，我們只會(huì)過(guò)猶不及。從我的個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)看，我有時(shí)候會(huì)把定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句搞亂(并不是我們不知道有什么不同，而是一緊張就很容易忽視了)。
說(shuō)到語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，可以說(shuō)，我們中國(guó)學(xué)生最最最常犯的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤都是非常低級(jí)的。
寫(xiě)作同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換表
附上常用的同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換表，多看看多用用，寫(xiě)作的時(shí)候就再也不會(huì)翻來(lái)覆去的一直用那么幾個(gè)詞了。
中性動(dòng)詞
1.導(dǎo)致：v.cause, bring about, give rise to, lead to, generate, create, Be a contributingfactor to
2.認(rèn)為：v.point out, argue, claim, assert, think, consider
3.強(qiáng)調(diào)：v.emphasize, bring/call attention to, accentuate, heighten, strengthen
4.集中：v.focus on, concentrate on
5.解決：v.combat, address, tackle, resolve, solve
6.從事：v.carry out, conduct, perform
7.承認(rèn)：v.concede, admit, acknowledge, accept, allow, grant
正向動(dòng)詞
1.支持：v.support, advocate, agree with
2.增加：v.increase, grow, rise, enlarge
n. increase, growth, rise,enlargement
3.改善：v.improve, enhance, upgrade, boost
n. improvement, enhancement, boom
4.擴(kuò)張：v.expand, enlarge, extend, widen, broaden
n. expansion, enlargement,extension
5.提高：v.augment, increase, develop, intensify
n. augment, increase, development
6.發(fā)展：v.develop, advance, grow, evolve, flourish
n. development, advancement,growth, flourishing
7.產(chǎn)生：v.develop, come into being/existence, come about
8.獲得：v.acquire, gain, get, obtain, attain
9.執(zhí)行：v.implement, execute, put into effect, perform
n. implementation, performance
10.實(shí)現(xiàn)：v.achieve, fulfill, gain, accomplish, attain
n. achievement, accomplishment, attainment
11.開(kāi)始：v.commence, begin, start
n. commencement, beginning,start
12. 促進(jìn)：v.promote, further, advance, encourage, stimulate, foster
n. promotion, advancement
13.鼓勵(lì)：v.stimulate, encourage, act as stimulus, motivate
n. encouragement, incentive, motivation
14.喚起：v.arouse, cause, induce, prompt, trigger, spark off
15.需要：v.call for, demand, require
16. 取代：v.replace, take the place of, substitute for
n. replacement, substitutionfor, in place of
17. 加快：v.accelerate, speed up, quicken
n. Acceleration, speeding up
18. 減輕：v.abate, lessen, reduce, alleviate, mitigate
n. abatement, lessening,alleviation, mitigation
19. 保護(hù)：v.protect, preserve, conserve
n. protection, preservation,conservation
20.保衛(wèi)：v.safeguard, defend, shield
n. safeguard, defence, shelter
21. 建立：v.establish, set up, found, construct
n. establishment, foundation,construction
22. 遵守(規(guī)則，法律)：abideby, comply with, follow, respect, act in accordance with
23. 允許：v.allow, permit, give the means to, facilitate
負(fù)向動(dòng)詞
1.反對(duì)：v.object, raise objections, oppose
2.減少：v.decrease, lower, reduce, cut down
n. decrease, reduction, drop,decline
3. 耗盡：v.deplete, exhaust, use up
n. depletion, exhaustion, usingup,
4. 阻礙：v.hamper, hinder, obstruct, impede, inhibit
n. hindrance, obstruction,obstacle, impediment
5.限制：v.limit, curb, restrict, place a limit on
n. limit, restriction
6. 危及：v.endanger, imperil, jeopardize, put at risk
7. 衰?。簐.deteriorate, degrade, degenerate, rot
n. deterioration, degeneration
8. 惡化：v.exacerbate, aggravate, worsen, inflame
n. exacerbation, aggravation, worsening
9. 加劇：v.intensify, escalate, sharpen, aggravate
n. escalation, intensification,aggravation
10.破壞：v.damage, destroy, ruin, devastate
n. damage, destruction, ruin,devastation
adj. devastating, destructive
11. 污染：v.pollute, contaminate
n. pollution, contamination
12. 敗壞：v.pervert, corrupt, deprave, lead astray, debase
13.扭曲：v.distort, pervert, misrepresent, falsify, misstate, misreport
14.削弱：v.weaken, undermine, impair, invalidate
15. 干涉：v.interfere in/with, intervene in, impinge on/upon(侵犯)
n.interference/intervention/involvement in/with
16. 侵犯：v.encroach on/upon (time/rights/personal life)
n. encroachment on/upon =impinging on/upon
17. 與···相違背/相矛盾：runcounter to = run contrary to
Contradict (each other)= conflict with =be at odds with sth
18.誤解：v.misunderstand, misapprehend, misinterpret
n. misunderstanding,misapprehension, misinterpretation
19. 逃避：v.escape, break out, evade, elude
20.遭受：v.suffer from, be stricken with, be afflicted with
21.違反：v.violate, disobey, transgress, infringe
n. violation, infringement,contravention, breach
22. 忽視：v.lose sight of, ignore, neglect
23.疏遠(yuǎn)：v.alienate, isolate, become/get estranged from
n. alienation, isolation,estrangement
其他重要的同義詞替換
1.大量的：enormous,massive, tremendous, considerable
2.重要的：significant,substantial, crucial, important
3.嚴(yán)重的：adj.severe, serious, acute, drastic
adv. severely, seriously,acutely, drastically
4. 有害的：adj.hazardous, dangerous, harmful
5. 貧窮的：adj.poor, poverty-stricken, destitute, impoverished
6. 富有的：adj.rich, wealthy, affluent
7. 差距：n.gap, disparity, divergence
8. 積極的：beneficial,advantageous
9.消極的：baneful,detrimental
10. 明顯的：manifest,obvious, evident, apparent
11. 影響：impact,repercussion, effect, ramification
12. 人類(lèi)：thehuman race, human being, humankind, humanity
13. 當(dāng)代：incurrent society, in this day and age, in present-day society, in contemporarysociety
14. 傳統(tǒng)的：traditional,conventional, old-fashioned
15. 健康的：healthy,vigorous, robust
16. 有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的：nutritious,nourishing, wholesome, healthy
常用正向形容詞
Adequate/ basic/broad/ general/ sufficient 充分的/基本的/寬泛的/大概的/足夠的
Penetrating/profound/ revealing/ remarkable/ proper/ thorough
入木三分的/ 深刻的/ 發(fā)人心省的/ 出色的/ 正確的/ 徹底的
Original/ unique/fresh/ rare/ clear/ fascinating/ interesting
獨(dú)到的/ 獨(dú)特的/ 新鮮的/ 少有的/ 清楚的/ 生動(dòng)的/ 有趣的
Significant/substantial/ considerable
常用的負(fù)向形容詞
Unethical/ immoral/unscrupulous/ unprincipled 不道德的
Antisocial/unacceptable/ undesirable 反社會(huì)的/不能接受的/令人不快的
Aggressive/ criminal/disruptive/ violent 挑釁的/犯罪的/擾亂的/暴力的
Notorious/ appalling/vicious/ bloody 臭名昭著的/令人震驚的/令人發(fā)指的/血腥的
雅思寫(xiě)作范文：垃圾成因及如何減少
Nowadays we are producing more and more rubbish. Why do you think this is happening? What can governments do to help reduce the amount of rubbish produced?
I think it is true that in almost every country today each household and family produces a large amount of waste every week. Most of this rubbish comes from the packaging from the things we buy, such as processed food. But even if we buy fresh food without packaging, we still produce rubbish from the plastic bags used everywhere to carry shopping home.
The reason why we have so much packaging is that we consume so much more on a daily basis than families did in the past. Convenience is also very important in modern life, so we buy packaged or canned food that can be transported from long distances and stored until we need it, first in the supermarket, and then at home.
However, the amount of waste produced is also a result of our tendency to use something once and throw it away. We forget that even the cheapest plastic bag has used up valuable resources and energy to produce. We also forget that it is a source of pollution and difficult to dispose of.
I think, therefore, that governments need to raise this awareness in the general public. Children can be educated about environmental issues at school, but adults need to take action. Governments can encourage such action by putting taxes on packaging, such as plastic bags, by providing recycling services and by fining households and shops that do not attempt to recycle their waste.
With the political will, such measures could really reduce the amount of rubbish we produce. Certainly nobody wants to see our resources used up and our planet poisoned by waste.
雅思寫(xiě)作范文：如何對(duì)待犯罪分子
Topic:
Should criminals be sent to prison or should they do something else as a punishment? Explain your opinion and give your reasons.
sent to a jail:
The world would be in great chaos and full of blood and violence. It is the best deterrent to crime. They will think twice before they commit a crime. The decline of crime has a direct correlation with the implementation of the practice. It serves a just reward for the heartless and merciless malefactors while a great spiritual comfort to the victim’s family. The abolition of the practice will send out a misleading message that anyone can kill and get away with it.
I am in favor of the former view that we should retain the time-honored catholicon to ensure a safe and comfortable living environment to all these law-abiding citizens. An old saying best expresses my attitude:“Mercy to the criminal many be cruelty to the people.”
make up for, dangerous
It is hard to guarantee that they have really repented of their crimes. If it turns out (結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)) that they just pretend they repent and start anew and actually they commit crimes again, the loss and the damage to the victims will be irreparable. And also, if the police want the behaviour of the criminals to be under control, they have to spend money and time in supervising the criminals after they are set free. Furthermore, once the criminals commit crimes again, it will take the police much trouble to catch them.
It is a great deterrence for many potential criminals. Compared with the deprivation of freedom, letting the criminals do something else as punishment is too mild.
It makes the violent robber think twice before pulling the trigger(扣動(dòng)扳機(jī)).
Otherwise, it will send out a misleading message that anyone can kill and get away with(逃脫處罰)it.
do something else:
economical, lessen the prison crowding and thus cut down on government budget,
The practice of sending criminals to jail can not scare off the would-be criminals. Up to now, there is no evidence showing the direct correlation between the practice and the decline of crime. We should offer the offender a chance to mend his way and take over a new life.
Anyone who is guilty of a crime, offender, criminal, killers and rapists, malefactor, villain, evildoer
The imprisonment has a limited role to play in eliminating crimes.
be unsociable and lack working skills, ignorance of the new knowledge, cannot survive in the brand new society, which changes and develops everyday
share their criminal experience
reclamation, reclaim
out of pulse(出于沖動(dòng)), regret, be not born evil
If given an opportunity to remedy their faults, they would appreciate and cherish it.
They would not feel discriminated or exclusive by society.
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雅思寫(xiě)作7分必備知識(shí)點(diǎn)
