2017中考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)

　　提起時(shí)態(tài)，當(dāng)然是指動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)啦。過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在和未來(lái)等不同時(shí)間段發(fā)生的事情要用不同的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)表示。時(shí)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生或存在的時(shí)間和方式。閉上眼睛想一想，初中我們學(xué)過(guò)的時(shí)態(tài)有幾個(gè)? 初中我們共學(xué)過(guò)八種時(shí)態(tài)。本講將這幾個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)總體介紹一下:

　　一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：常與always,often,sometimes, every day連用，表示習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。提醒你當(dāng)?shù)谌朔Q單數(shù)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，別忘了動(dòng)詞的變化。注意：象"地球大，月亮小"等客觀真理、事實(shí)一定用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

　　現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：要注意其構(gòu)成：由be+動(dòng)詞+ing,表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：We're studying now. 我們現(xiàn)在正在學(xué)習(xí)。

　　一般過(guò)去時(shí)：表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與yesterday,last year,in 1949,two years ago,等表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。注意：We often went to dance last summer.有的同學(xué)一見到often就想到用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，其實(shí)因?yàn)楹竺嬗斜硎具^(guò)去時(shí)間的 last summer,所以要用過(guò)去式，千萬(wàn)別誤用了，切記，切記。

　　過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：顯然過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在做什么，常和特定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如at that time，at six yesterday，at that moment，when he came in等連用。如： When he knocked at the door,his mother was cooking.

　　一般將來(lái)時(shí)：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如 next year,tomorrow等連用。注意：在Will you ....?問(wèn)句中，回答必須是 Yes,I will.或 No,I won't而不能用Yes,I shall. No, I shan't.來(lái)回答過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)不可以單獨(dú)使用，它一般在賓語(yǔ)從句中作間接引語(yǔ)，表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：They told me that they would go to work in Guangdong.

　　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：顧名思義，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，但動(dòng)作造成的影響還在，常被just,already,yet 等副詞修飾。如：He has already gone to Tianjin. 對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響是他已經(jīng)不在這兒了?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可用來(lái)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常帶有for或since等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.表示說(shuō)話前發(fā)生過(guò)一次或多次的動(dòng)作，我們常用"過(guò)"來(lái)表示，常帶有twice, once, ever, never等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如：I've never seen that film.

　　過(guò)去完成時(shí)：我們可以用"過(guò)去的過(guò)去"來(lái)概括過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作，通常與by,before等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)或when, before, after引導(dǎo)的從句連用。也可表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，常和for或since構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。用法和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)大致相同，只不過(guò)又向前推了一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。

　　八個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)可能得讓你好好對(duì)付一陣子，但細(xì)細(xì)學(xué)來(lái)，也并不困難。不信嗎? 試試趁熱打鐵你就知道了。

　　練習(xí)：

　　1. The zoo _______ in the north of the city.

　　A. lies

　　B. builds

　　C. seems

　　D. lying

　　2. --Tom ______out.

　　--Oh, is he? What time _______ he ______ out?

　　A. is, did, go

　　B. went, is, going

　　C. has gone, did, go

　　D. is going, does, go

　　3. --It must be on channel 2. Try that.

　　--I ______ that. But I still can't get anything.

　　A. have tried

　　B. tried

　　C. try

　　D. will do

　　4. They usually ________ TV in the evening.

　　A. watch

　　B. will watch

　　C. are watching

　　D. watches

　　5. He has _______ for about twelve years.

　　A. bought the house

　　B. left here

　　C. lived here

　　D. gone here

　　6. The two old man ________ each other since 1970.

　　A. didn't seen

　　B. don't see

　　C. haven't see

　　D. won't see

　　7. Lucy and Lily can speak good Chinese, because they ______ China for six years.

　　A. have been in

　　B. have been to

　　C. have come to

　　D. have gone to

　　8. --Our country ______ a lot so far.

　　--Yes, I hope it will be even ________.

　　A. has changed , well

　　B. changed, good

　　C. has changed , better

　　D. changed, better

　　9. --I saw Ann _______ a green dress at the meeting.

　　--I think she looks better _______ red.

　　A. dressed , in

　　B. put on, wear

　　C. wearing, in

　　D. wear, put on

　　10. --I didn't come to school because my mother was ill yesterday.

　　--I am sorry ______ that.

　　A. hearing

　　B. hear

　　C. hears

　　D. to hear

　　實(shí)踐：

　　1. There will be ______ interesting film tomorrow evening.

　　A. a

　　B. an

　　C. the

　　D. some

　　2. --What's that over there ?

　　-- It's ______ bag.

　　A. I

　　B. me

　　C. my

　　D. mine

　　3. The students of Class One ______ on the playground.

　　A. am playing

　　B. is playing

　　C. are playing

　　D. was playing

　　4. You'd better _______ late next time!

　　A. not be

　　B. not to be

　　C. won't be

　　D. don' t be

　　5. He always gets up early, _______ he?

　　A. is

　　B. isn't he

　　C. does

　　D. doesn't

　　6. ______ tall the building is!

　　A. How a

　　B. How

　　C. What

　　D. What a

　　7. Lesson Seven is ________ one in this book.

　　A. important

　　B. more important

　　C. most important

　　D. the most important

　　8. I will call you as soon as she ________ back.

　　A. comes

　　B. come

　　C. came

　　D. will come

　　9. He put on his coat ______ went out.

　　A. and

　　B. but

　　C. or

　　D. so

　　10. --______ I get there before six o'clock?

　　-- No, you needn't.

　　A. Can

　　B. May

　　C. Must

　　D. Shall

　　11. Their baby was born ______ April 2, 1997.

　　A. in

　　B. on

　　C. at

　　D. by

　　12. Her father is busy _______ the truck.

　　A. mend

　　B. mends

　　C. mended

　　D. mending

　　13. We ________ the floor when she left.

　　A.sweep

　　B. swept

　　C. were sweeping

　　D. are sweeping

　　14. He wants ________ some apples and oranges.

　　A. to buy

　　B. buys

　　C. bought

　　D. buy

　　15. Do you understand ______?

　　A. what did he say

　　B. he said what

　　C. what does he say

　　D. what he said