考研英語(yǔ)真題閱讀理解譯文
考研英語(yǔ)真題閱讀理解譯文
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考研英語(yǔ)閱讀原文
That everyone's too busy these days is a cliche.
But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully: There's never any time to read.
What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques don't seem sufficient.
The web's full of articles offering tips on making time to read: "Give up TV" or "Carry a book with you at all times".
But in my experience, using such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn't work.
Sit down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning — or else you're so exhausted that a challenging book's the last thing you need.
The modern mind, Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, "is overwhelmingly inclined toward communication...
It is not simply that one is interrupted; it is that one is actually inclined to interruption".
Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can't be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.
In fact, "becoming more efficient" is part of the problem.
Thinking of time as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally,
judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal.
Immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting.
Try to slot it as a to-do list item and you'll manage only goal-focused reading — useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfilling kind.
"The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt," writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time,
and "we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (days, hours, minutes)as they pass,
for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them".
No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.
So what does work?
Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times for reading.
You'd think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set,
but in fact, Eberle notes, such ritualistic behaviour helps us "step outside time's flow" into "soul time".
You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers.
"Carry a book with you at all times" can actually work, too — providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down.
On a really good day, it no longer feels as if you're "making time to read," but just reading, and making time for everything else.
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀翻譯
如今人人都抱怨自己很忙，這已經(jīng)是人們口中的陳詞濫調(diào)了。
但有一個(gè)抱怨聽(tīng)起來(lái)尤為讓人傷感：一直沒(méi)時(shí)間閱讀。
而讓這個(gè)問(wèn)題更糟糕的是，那些常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間管理技巧似乎并不足以改變這一問(wèn)題。
網(wǎng)上充斥著各種教你如何騰出時(shí)間來(lái)閱讀的攻略：諸如“別看電視”或者“隨時(shí)帶本書(shū)在身邊”。
但在我看來(lái)，使用這些方法來(lái)騰出個(gè)30分鐘左右的閱讀時(shí)間是不管用的。
因?yàn)楫?dāng)你坐下來(lái)閱讀的時(shí)候，腦海里各種關(guān)于工作的思緒就開(kāi)始翻騰，或是你太疲勞了以致于你最不想做的就是讀一本吃力的書(shū)。
小說(shuō)家兼批評(píng)家蒂姆·帕克斯寫(xiě)道：“當(dāng)代人的心理極其傾向于交流……
并不僅僅是說(shuō)你被打擾了，而是你實(shí)際上很容易被打擾。
深度閱讀需要的不僅僅是時(shí)間，而是一種特別的時(shí)間，它不是僅僅通過(guò)提高效率就能獲得的。
實(shí)際上，“提高效率”只是解決沒(méi)有時(shí)間閱讀這一問(wèn)題的一方面。
如果能把時(shí)間看做是一種可被最大化利用的資源，那就意味著你能把它當(dāng)做工具來(lái)用，
并且只有在你時(shí)刻都向特定目標(biāo)邁進(jìn)的時(shí)候，你才認(rèn)為每一刻時(shí)間都是用有所值的。
相反，深度閱讀取決于你愿意承擔(dān)無(wú)效率、無(wú)目標(biāo)地閱讀所帶來(lái)的后果，這種閱讀后果甚至是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。
如果你能把閱讀列為你每天必做事項(xiàng)之一，那么你就能做到專(zhuān)一于目標(biāo)的閱讀——有時(shí)這是有效果的，但它并不是最讓人感到滿(mǎn)足的閱讀方式。
加里·埃伯利在他的《神圣的時(shí)間》一書(shū)中寫(xiě)道：“我們的未來(lái)就像空瓶子一樣，在一條不可阻擋且似乎無(wú)止盡的傳送帶上流轉(zhuǎn)，
這讓我們感到一種壓力，那就是不同大小的瓶子(幾天、幾小時(shí)、幾分鐘)在傳送帶上經(jīng)過(guò)的時(shí)候要把它們都裝滿(mǎn)，
因?yàn)槠孔咏?jīng)過(guò)而沒(méi)有被裝滿(mǎn)，我們就浪費(fèi)了這些瓶子。
沒(méi)有哪種心態(tài)能比沉浸書(shū)海這種感覺(jué)更好。
那么哪種方法能奏效呢?
那就是安排定期的閱讀時(shí)間，這個(gè)答案或許讓人感到驚訝。
你會(huì)覺(jué)得這種方式會(huì)助推注重效率的心理，
但埃伯利指出，事實(shí)上這種慣例性行為有助于我們“走出時(shí)間在流逝”這樣的心理并進(jìn)入“心靈時(shí)間”。
通過(guò)只閱讀紙質(zhì)書(shū)籍，或是在只有閱讀這種功能的閱讀器上閱讀，就能減少讓你分心的事情。
“隨時(shí)帶本書(shū)在身邊”這種方式也能奏效，前提是在足夠多的時(shí)間里你都沉浸在閱讀中，從而讓閱讀成為你的常態(tài)，只是在你需要處理事務(wù)的時(shí)候才把注意力從書(shū)上暫時(shí)移開(kāi)，之后再次專(zhuān)心閱讀。
在你的閱讀狀態(tài)進(jìn)入佳境的某天，你就不會(huì)再有“騰出時(shí)間來(lái)閱讀”這種感覺(jué)，而是你一直在閱讀，騰出時(shí)間來(lái)做其他事。
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀詞語(yǔ)解析
interruption [.intə'rʌpʃən]
n. 打岔，中斷
efficiency [i'fiʃənsi]
n. 效率，功率
contrast ['kɔntræst,kən'træst]
n. 差別，對(duì)比，對(duì)照物
v. 對(duì)比，成對(duì)照<
approach [ə'prəutʃ]
n. 接近; 途徑，方法
v. 靠近，接近，動(dòng)
infinite ['infinit]
adj. 無(wú)限的，無(wú)窮的
n. 無(wú)限
challenging ['tʃælindʒiŋ]
adj. 大膽的(復(fù)雜的，有前途的，挑戰(zhàn)的) n. 復(fù)雜
sacred ['seikrid]
adj. 神圣的，受尊重的
overwhelmingly [.əvə'welmiŋli]
adv. 壓倒性地，不可抵抗地
default [di'fɔ:lt]
n. 假設(shè)值，默認(rèn)(值), 不履行責(zé)任，缺席 v. 默認(rèn)
minutes ['minits]
n. 會(huì)議記錄，(復(fù)數(shù))分鐘
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