人教版高中英語知識點總結(jié)最新
學(xué)習(xí)英語一天也不能中斷。倘若確實沒有時光,哪怕每一天擠出十分鐘來也行,早晨是學(xué)習(xí)外語的大好時光。一起來看看人教版高中英語知識點總結(jié)最新,歡迎查閱!
人教版高中英語知識點總結(jié)
1情態(tài)動詞與助動詞
1、can能,可以,表說話人同意,許可還可表客觀條件許可,如:You can go now.
提建議或請求時可用can I, can you表客氣,如Can I buy you a drink?
can和be able to表能力時的區(qū)別。
can表一般具有的能力,be able to表在特定條件下的能力,如:Although the driver was badly hurt,he wasable to explain what had happened.
2、may
(1)可以,表說話人同意,許可或請求對方許可。You may go.
(2)(現(xiàn)在和將來)可能,也許,只用于肯定句和否定句中,如He may not be right.
3、must,have to
must表主觀上的必須,have to表客觀上的必須,如:It's getting late. I have to go. -Must I go now.-Yes,you must.(No, you needn't./ No, you don't have to.)
4、need,dare這二詞有實意動詞和情態(tài)動詞兩種詞性,如用作實意動詞后接動詞不定式to do,如用作情態(tài)動詞后接動詞原形。Need I go now? --Yes, you must./No, you needn't.)
5、shall用于第一人稱疑問句中表說話人征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埱?,如,Shall we begin our lesson?用于二、三人稱陳述句,表說話人命令、警告、允諾、威脅等口吻,如: You shall fail if you don't workharder.
6、should表應(yīng)該,意為有責(zé)任,有義務(wù)。如:We should try our best to make our country more beautiful.
7、will表有做某事的意志、意愿、安心、打算,如"Will you lend me your book?" "Yes, I will."
8、should have done表應(yīng)該做而未做
must have done表對過去事實的肯定推測
could have done表本可以做某事
9、判斷句:肯定句用must, 否定句用can't,不太肯定用may,might
He must be in the office now.
He must have gone to bed, for the light is out.
He can't be in the office. He is at home.
He couldn't have cleaned the classroom, because he didn't come here today.
He might be in the office, I am not sure.
He might have cleaned the room, I suppose.
2讓步狀語從句
1、though,although,as的區(qū)別
A、Though,although的主句中可以用yet, still, nevertheless,但不可使用but。
B、though引導(dǎo)的從句可以倒裝,也可以不倒裝;as引導(dǎo)的從句必須倒裝;although引導(dǎo)的從句不能倒裝。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:形容詞/分詞/副詞/動詞原形/名詞(無冠詞)+as/though+主語+謂語……
2、though可用作副詞,放在句末,意為“不過,但是”。Although無此用法。
3、某些短語也引導(dǎo)讓步的從句或短語,意為“盡管”,如:in spite of the fact that, despite the fact that,regardless of(the fact that)
句子種類
1、陳述句的否定
(1)在含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中,當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是think, expect, believe, suppose, guess, fancy,imagine等,且主句主語是第一人稱時,賓語從句謂語的否定習(xí)慣上要移到主句謂語上,如: I don't think he is right.
(2)含有否定意義的副詞never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely的句子應(yīng)視為否定句,如: I have never been there before.
2、反意疑問句
(1)need和dare 既可作情態(tài)動詞,又可作實意動詞,在反問部分須加以區(qū)別,如We needn't leave, need we? We don't need to leave, do we?
(2)陳述部分出現(xiàn)否定意義的副詞或代詞如never, seldom, few, hardly, little等時,反問部分須用肯定形式,如:He seldom comes, does he?
(3)陳述部分用不定代詞作主語時,反問部分的主語用it ,如:Nothing can stop me, can it?
陳述部分用everybody, everyone, somebody, someone,等作主語時,反問部分常用it,有時也用they,如:Everybody knows that, don't they?
(4)陳述部分包括used to 時,反問部分可有兩種形式,如: You used to get up early, usedn't (didn't) you?
(5)陳述部分是"there + be"結(jié)構(gòu)時,反問部分用there,如:There's something wrong with you, isn't there?
(6)陳述部分是含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句時,反問部分的主語和謂語應(yīng)和主句保持一致,如: He never told others what he thought, did he?
但,如果是I think , I believe等+賓語從句時,反問部分須和從句的動詞保持一致,如,I don't think he is right, is he? I don't believe he does that, does he?
3、感嘆句
用what或how,
What a beautiful park it is.
How beautiful a park it is.
How beautiful the park is.
How we worked!
4、祈使句
Take care!
Don't stand there.
Please open the door for the old lady.
3不定式的構(gòu)成
1、不定式的一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的動作通常與主要謂語的動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生,或是在它之后發(fā)生。
如:They invited us to go there this summer.他們邀請我們今年夏天去那兒。He stood aside for me to pass.他站到一邊讓我通過。
2、不定式的完成式:不定式的完成式所表示的動作在謂語所表示的動作之后發(fā)生,它在句中可作表語、狀語、賓語,有時也可作主語、定語等。
如:She seemed to have heard about this matter.她似乎已聽說過這件事。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.我很抱歉讓你等了這么久。
I meant to have told you about it,but I happened to have an important thing to do.我本來想告訴你這件事的,但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。
It has been an honor for me to have traveled so much in your country.對我來說,在你們國家旅行這么多地方是一件很榮幸的事情。
3、不定式的進(jìn)行式:不定式的進(jìn)行式表示正在進(jìn)行的與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生的動作。它在句中可以用作除謂語以外的所有成分。
如:It’s nice of you to be helping us these days.你真好,這些天一直幫我們。
He pretended to be listening to the teacher carefully.他假裝在認(rèn)真地聽老師講課。We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here.我們沒料到你一直在這兒等我們。
4、不定式的完成進(jìn)行式:如果不定式表示的動作是謂語所表示
5、動詞不定式的否定形式是由not或never加不定式構(gòu)成。如:Try not to be late again next time.盡量下次不要再遲到。He wished us never to meet her again.他希望我們永遠(yuǎn)不要再見到她。
6、疑問詞+動詞不定式:不定式和疑問詞whether,what,which,whom,where,when,how,why等連用可以在句中起名詞的作用,通常跟在tell,know,show,decide,learn,wonder,explain,advise,teach,discuss,find out等動詞后面作賓語,有時也可以充當(dāng)主語、表語等。
如:On hearing the news,he didn't know whether to laugh or to cry.聽到這個消息,他不知道該哭還是該笑。
When to hold the meeting has not decided.什么時候開會還沒有決定。
The most important problem is how to get so much money.最重要的事情是如何搞到這么多錢。
介詞后一般不直接接不定式,但可以接疑問詞+不定式短語作賓語。
如:Mary gave some advice on how to learn English.瑪麗提了一些如何學(xué)習(xí)英語的建議。
I have no idea of how to do it.我不知道該怎么做。
高中人教版英語知識
【重點單詞、短語】
1.compete
比賽,競爭
2.take
part in 參加,參與
3.stand
for 代表,象征,表示
4.admit
容許,接納,承認(rèn)
5.as
well 也,又,還
6.host
做東,招待,主人
7.replace
代替
8.charge
收費,控訴
in charge 主管,看管
9.advertise
I做廣告,登廣告
10.bargain
討價還價,講條件,便宜貨
11.one
after another 一個接一個地
12.deserve
應(yīng)受(報答或懲罰)
13.deserve的用法
deserve to do sth 應(yīng)該做/值得做
deserve doing = deserve to be done 值得… (doing 表被動意義)
Your suggestion deserves to be considered = deserves considering.
( 用法相似的動詞:need/want/require doing= need/want/require to be done 需要….)
14.take
part in : 參加有組織的、重大的活動
join in 參加正在進(jìn)行的活動
join: 參加團(tuán)體,黨派和組織,成為其中的一員(join the army; join the party)
attend: 出席,參加,后跟 meeting,wedding,class, course等
【重點句型】
1.nor/neither
+ 助動詞/be/情態(tài)動詞 + 主語:表示“…也不這樣”
I have never been abroad, and neither/nor has he.
If you don’t go to the party, nor will I.
2.So+情態(tài)動詞/助動詞/be動詞+主語
:表示“...也是的一樣的”, 強調(diào)后者同前者肯定情況一樣。
3.So+主語+情態(tài)動詞/助動詞/be動詞:表示
“的確如此”,對前面情況的肯定。
4.not
only…but (also)… 不但...而且...
Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role ingymnastics.
(1) 引導(dǎo)并列結(jié)構(gòu):引導(dǎo)主語時,謂語動詞 就近原則。
(2) 引導(dǎo)并列句時,not only句倒裝,即前倒后不倒。
Not only did they take photos, but also they had a bid dinner.
高中英語知識點總結(jié)
1.blow 用法:blow down/away
Note: 表示風(fēng)刮得很大時要用blow hard.
2.boil 用法:boiling表示沸騰的;boiled表示煮過的。
Note: boiling point可以表示沸點。
3.borrow 用法:borrow表示借入:lend表示借出。
Note: 點動詞,不能表示借的時間長短。
4.breath 用法:hold one’s breath;out of breath; save one’s breath
Note: take a breath表示深吸一口氣;take breath表示喘口氣。
5.burn 用法:burn down/up/one’s hand
Note: burning表示點著的;burnt表示燒壞的。
6.business 用法:on business表示出差;in/out of business表示開/關(guān)張。 Note: 表示商業(yè)時不可數(shù),表示具體的行業(yè)時可數(shù)。
7.busy 用法:be busy with/doing.
Note: 不能說My work is busy. 應(yīng)說I am busy with my work.
8.buy 用法:buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb.
Note: 點動詞,不能表示買的時間長短。
9.but 用法:not…but.. but for next but one , have no choice bu to do sth., all but 幾乎,差一點
Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do,后面的to要省略。Not only… but also…引導(dǎo)的并列句,前倒后不倒。cannot help/ choose but do sth. 不能不,只能
10.by 用法:by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the way
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