高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法句子成分中的主語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)
高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法句子成分中的主語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)
:主語(yǔ)是句子陳述或說(shuō)明的對(duì)象,說(shuō)明是誰(shuí)或什么.表示句子說(shuō)的是"什么人" 或“什么事” .主語(yǔ)是執(zhí)行句子的行為或動(dòng)作的主體. 如何學(xué)好英語(yǔ)?小編在這里整理了相關(guān)資料,快來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧!
高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法句子成分中的主語(yǔ)
句子一般可以分成幾個(gè)部分,每一個(gè)部分在句中具有一定功能,稱為句子成分。不同的句子成分由一定的詞類(lèi)或詞組充當(dāng)。
1.主語(yǔ)(Subject)
主語(yǔ)是句子的主體,是一個(gè)句子中需要加以說(shuō)明或者描述的對(duì)象。主語(yǔ)一般是由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或名詞性從句充當(dāng)。例如:
The plane has just taken off at the airport.
飛機(jī)剛從機(jī)場(chǎng)起飛。(名詞詞組作主語(yǔ))
They are students from the United States.
他們是來(lái)自美國(guó)的學(xué)生。(代詞作主語(yǔ))
Twelve divided by three is four.
十二除以三等于四。(數(shù)詞作主語(yǔ))
To have the English news recorded takes up much of my spare time.
錄英語(yǔ)新聞?wù)剂宋液芏鄻I(yè)余時(shí)間。(不定式詞組作主語(yǔ))
What they said seems reasonable.
他們說(shuō)的似乎有道理。(從句作主語(yǔ))
英語(yǔ)作業(yè)
一、選擇填空
5.He threw the ___ shirt into the washing machine.
A.dirty old brown B.old dirty brown
C.brown old dirty D.old brown dirty
6.I tried to find a suitable present - ___ for my mother.
主語(yǔ)表示法及it作主語(yǔ)的句子
<例句>
Dancing bored him.
跳舞使他厭煩。
<語(yǔ)法分析>
動(dòng)名詞直接做主語(yǔ)。有時(shí),動(dòng)名詞前可有一個(gè)代詞或名詞所有格表示其邏輯上的主語(yǔ),有時(shí)還可名詞化,前面帶有冠詞。句子的主語(yǔ)除了可用動(dòng)名詞表示之外,還可以用其他成分來(lái)表示,如數(shù)詞、代詞、名詞、不定式、詞組、從句或名詞化的其他詞類(lèi)等。it可用作人稱代詞和非人稱代詞,也可用來(lái)對(duì)句子的某一成分加以強(qiáng)調(diào)。
<觸類(lèi)旁通>
(1)Are there other universes outside our own?
我們的宇宙之外還有別的宇宙嗎?
語(yǔ)法分析:名詞作主語(yǔ)。
(2)Nobody knows the answer.
沒(méi)有人知道答案是什么。
語(yǔ)法分析:代詞作主語(yǔ)。
(3)Two-thirds of them are college students.
他們中間三分之二是大學(xué)生。
語(yǔ)法分析:數(shù)詞作主語(yǔ)。
(4)What she saw gave her a little fright.
她看到的情況使她吃了一驚。
語(yǔ)法分析:從句作主語(yǔ)。
(5)It's no use asking me.
問(wèn)我沒(méi)有用。
語(yǔ)法分析:先行詞it作形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)放在句子后面,從而使句子平穩(wěn)。
(6)Who was it that called the meeting?
召集會(huì)議的是誰(shuí)?
語(yǔ)法分析:用it對(duì)句子的主語(yǔ)加以強(qiáng)調(diào),還可以強(qiáng)調(diào)其他成分。
<鞏固練習(xí)>
(1)_____ [go] to the movies is a popular pastime.
(2)Their _____[come] to help was a great encouragement to us.
(3)It is any good _____[try]?
(4)It is an offence _____[drop] litter in the street.
(5)Not ______[be] punctual makes him unreliable.
(6)_____ was you who had been wrong.
(7)It costs 100 dollars _____[repair] the car.
<參考答案>
(1)Going (2)coming (3)trying (4)to drop (5)being (6)It (7)to repair
A.nice something B.something nice
C.something nice D.nice some thing
參考答案:
5-6: AB
二、分析句子的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu),并譯成中文。
France is expected to demand the removal of the post of British European commissioner as a price for a long Brexit delay, leaving Britain without a seat at the top table of Brussels decision-making for the first time since 1973.【The Guardian】
高中??嫉挠⒄Z(yǔ)短語(yǔ)
151. be content with(=be satisfied with) 滿足于be content to do sth. 愿意做某事152. contrary to (=in opposition to) 與…相反
153. on the contrary 相反
154. contrast…with 把…與…相對(duì)(對(duì)照)
155. in contrast towith 和…形成對(duì)比 by contrast 對(duì)比之下
156. contribute to 有助于
157. under control (被)控制住 out of control無(wú)法控制
158. at one's convenience(=where and when it suits one) 在方便的時(shí)間或地點(diǎn) .be convenient to for 對(duì)…方便
159. convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain;to persuade sb.) 使某人確信,try to persuade sb. to do sth.勸說(shuō)某人做…
160. cope with(=deal with, try to find a solution to)應(yīng)付, 處理
161. in the corner(of)在角落里;on(at) the comer of a street在街道拐彎處;round the comer拐過(guò)彎;be in a tight corner陷入困境
162. correspond (with) ( =exchange letters regularly) 通信
163. correspond to 相當(dāng)于 . correspond with 符合,一致
164. at all costs不惜任何代價(jià) . at the cost of 以…為代價(jià)
165. a matter of course 理所當(dāng)然的事
166. as a matter of course 當(dāng)然地, 自然地
167. in (during) the course 在…過(guò)程中
168. in due course (=without too much delay) 沒(méi)經(jīng)過(guò)太久, 到一定時(shí)候
169. on credit賒購(gòu);with credit以優(yōu)異成績(jī);to one's credit使某人感到光榮;do sb. credit 使…感到光榮
170.be critical of 愛(ài)挑毛病的,批評(píng)的
171. cure sb. of+某種疾病 治好某人的疾病
172.a danger to對(duì)…的危險(xiǎn);be in danger(of)處于…危險(xiǎn)中;be out of danger脫離危險(xiǎn)
173. to date(=so far, until now) 到目前為止
174. out of date過(guò)時(shí)的;up to date新式的,時(shí)興的;date back to可追溯到;date from從某時(shí)期開(kāi)始(有)
175. deal with (=concern) 論及
176. be in debt to sb. 欠…的債
177. on the decline 在衰退中, 在減少中 in decline 下降;on the increase 在增加
178. to one's delight 令某人感到高興 to one's regret 遺憾;sorrow悲痛;relief 安心;distress 苦惱;shame羞愧;surprise 驚奇;astonishment 驚奇;
179. delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜歡, 取樂(lè)
180. take (a) delight in 喜歡干…, 以…為樂(lè)
181. demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求(非物質(zhì)的)東西。demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求(物質(zhì)的)東西
182.in demand有需求;on demand受到要求時(shí)
183. be dependent on 依靠
184. deprive sb. of sth. 剝奪某人某物
185. derive…from(=obtain…from)從…取得,由…來(lái)的。derive from(=come from)起源于
186. despair of (=lose all hope of) 絕望
187. in despair 絕望
188. despite (=in spite of) 不管, 盡管
189. in detail 詳細(xì)地
190. deviate from 偏離, 不按…辦
191. on a diet 吃某種特殊飲食, 節(jié)食
192. differ from…in 與…的區(qū)別在于…
193. in difficulties…有困難,處境困難,
194. discharge sb. (from)…for (=dismiss sb. from a job for) 因…解雇, 開(kāi)除
195. fall back (=retreat, turn back) 撤退;in disorder 慌亂地, 狼狽不堪
196. on display(=being shown publicly)陳列
197. dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away)處理掉
198. beyond dispute不容爭(zhēng)議的,無(wú)可爭(zhēng)議
199. in dispute 在爭(zhēng)議中
200. in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處。make out 辯認(rèn)出