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      學(xué)習(xí)啦 > 學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ) > 英語(yǔ)閱讀 > 英語(yǔ)優(yōu)美段落 > 關(guān)于英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法句子種類(lèi)

      關(guān)于英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法句子種類(lèi)

      時(shí)間: 韋彥867 分享

      關(guān)于英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法句子種類(lèi)

        英語(yǔ)教學(xué)在中國(guó)大學(xué)教育領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)占據(jù)著主導(dǎo)地位20多年。在這期間,隨著社會(huì)發(fā)展對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者的要求不斷提高。小編精心收集了關(guān)于英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法句子種類(lèi),供大家欣賞學(xué)習(xí)!

        關(guān)于英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法句子種類(lèi)1

        英語(yǔ)句子按使用目的可分為陳述句、祈使句、感嘆句和疑問(wèn)句四種。

        一、陳述句

        陳述句是說(shuō)明一個(gè)事實(shí)或陳述一種看法的句子。例如:

        Light travels faster than sound. 光比聲速度快。

        The film isn’t rather boring. 這部電影不是很乏味。

        The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949.中華人民共和國(guó)成立于1949年。

        There used to be a temple here.這兒原來(lái)有座廟。

        She is working for a foreign company.她正在為一家外國(guó)公司工作。

        They have all read the book.他們都已讀過(guò)了這本書(shū)。

        二、祈使句

        祈使句用以表達(dá)命令,要求,請(qǐng)求,勸告或建議等。常用下列幾種句型。例如:

        1、以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭的祈使句。這些句子的主語(yǔ)通常都是第二人稱(chēng)“you”。

        Take this seat. 坐這個(gè)位子。

        Do be careful. 千萬(wàn)要小心!

        Don't move, please. 請(qǐng)別動(dòng)。

        Don't be nervous! 別緊張!

        2、以let開(kāi)頭的祈使句。Let's 包括說(shuō)話者,Let us 不包括說(shuō)話者。例如:

        Let's have another try.咱們?cè)僭囈幌隆?/p>

        Let us have another try. 請(qǐng)(你)讓我們?cè)僭囈幌隆?/p>

        Let's not talk of that matter.咱們不談那件事。

        Let us not talk of that matter.請(qǐng)讓我們不談那件事。

        3、帶主語(yǔ)的祈使句。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞任然用原型。例如:

        God bless me. 上帝保佑我!

        You feed the chicks today, Tom. 湯姆,今天你喂雞。(吩咐任務(wù)。)

        三、感嘆句

        感嘆句是表示說(shuō)話人贊美、驚嘆、喜悅、憤怒等感情的句子。

        1、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)感嘆句 通常有感嘆詞what, how引導(dǎo), what修飾名詞,how 修飾形容詞,副詞或動(dòng)詞,其主謂用正裝語(yǔ)序,常用省略形式。其常見(jiàn)句型有。例如:

        1) How +形容詞+ a +名詞+陳述語(yǔ)序。例如:

        How clever a boy (he is)!他是多么聰明的孩子!

        2) How +形容詞或副詞+陳述語(yǔ)序。例如:

        How slowly(the old is walking)!那位老人走的真慢呀!

        3) What +名詞+陳述語(yǔ)序。例如:

        What noise(the traffic is making)!車(chē)輛的噪音真大!

        4) What +a+形容詞+名詞+陳述語(yǔ)序。例如:

        What a clever boy(he is)! 他是多么聰明的孩子!

        5) What + 形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+陳述語(yǔ)序。例如:

        What wonderful ideas (we have)!他們的想法真奇妙!

        6) What + 形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+陳述語(yǔ)序例如:

        What good news it is! 多好的消息啊!

        2、一般感嘆句

        在任何一個(gè)詞、詞組或句子后加感嘆號(hào),即為感嘆句,如:

        Dear!天哪!

        What colors and designs!這顏色,這圖案真漂亮!

        You was running really fast!你跑得真快!

        Didn’t he know it!他難道不知道!

        I’ve got so much from your report!從你的報(bào)告中我真學(xué)到了很多東西!

        四、疑問(wèn)句

        在英語(yǔ)中,提出問(wèn)題,有以下四種形式的問(wèn)句:

        1、一般疑問(wèn)句

        英語(yǔ)的一般問(wèn)句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序,即:把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞have(有)提到主語(yǔ)前。例如:

        Can you finish the work in time?  你能按時(shí)完成工作嗎?

        Is your brother a public servant?你弟弟是公務(wù)員嗎?

        Do you have a car?(Have you a car?) 你有車(chē)嗎?

        Has she attended the report?她聽(tīng)報(bào)告了嗎?

        Did they pass the driving tesr?他們駕照考試通過(guò)了嗎?

        Do you think it will rain tomorrow?你認(rèn)為明天會(huì)下雨嗎?

        2、特殊疑問(wèn)句

        有疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)句叫特殊問(wèn)句,疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)時(shí)用正裝語(yǔ)序;疑問(wèn)詞作其他成分時(shí)用倒裝語(yǔ)序。例如:

        Who is standing there?誰(shuí)站在那兒?(疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ),語(yǔ)序正裝)

        What had happened to you before I came here?我來(lái)錢(qián)你到底怎么哪?(疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ),語(yǔ)序正裝)

        Which book isn’t yours, boy?孩子那本書(shū)不是你的?(疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ),語(yǔ)序正裝)

        Whose car is parked there?誰(shuí)的車(chē)子停在那兒?(疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ),語(yǔ)序正裝)

        Who(m) are you waiting for here?你在這兒等誰(shuí)?(疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ),語(yǔ)序正裝)

        Where do you live? 你住那兒?(疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ),語(yǔ)序正裝)

        When were you born?你什么時(shí)候出生的?(疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ),語(yǔ)序正裝)

        How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事?(疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ),語(yǔ)序正裝)

        Why does he walk to work every day?他為什么每天步行去上班?(疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ),語(yǔ)序正裝)

        3、選擇疑問(wèn)句

        用or連接并列成分或兩個(gè)一般問(wèn)句來(lái)表示選擇。例如:

        Shall we have the meeeting in the classroom or in the office? 我們是在教室還是在辦公室開(kāi)會(huì)?

        Do you want tea or coffee? 你是要茶還是要咖啡?

        Is he your father or your uncle?他是你爸爸還是你叔叔?

        Did you arrive on Sunday or on Monday?你是星期天還是星期一到的?

        Are you going to stay at home or go with us for a walk?你是打算呆在家里還是跟我們出去散步?

        Shall I go to get you at the station or will you get back by taxi?是我去車(chē)站接你,還是你打的回來(lái)?

        4、反意疑問(wèn)句

        在一個(gè)陳述句的后面再加一個(gè)省略一般問(wèn)句構(gòu)成反義問(wèn)句,反義問(wèn)句前后句主語(yǔ)相同,謂語(yǔ)形式相同,但肯定和否定形式相反。例如:

        He knows her, doesn’t he? 他認(rèn)識(shí)你,對(duì)嗎?

        He doesn't know her, does he? 他不認(rèn)識(shí)她,對(duì)不對(duì)?

        反義問(wèn)句的特殊情況很多,應(yīng)當(dāng)記住。例如:

        1) 陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I,疑問(wèn)部分要用 aren't I。例如:

        I'm as tall as your sister,aren't I?我和你姐姐一樣高,是嗎?

        2) 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是wish,疑問(wèn)部分要用may +主語(yǔ)。例如:

        I wish to have a word with you, may I?我想和你談?wù)劊袉?

        3) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分用肯定含義。例如:

        The man made no answer, did he / she?那個(gè)人沒(méi)有回答問(wèn)題,是嗎?

        Some plants never bloom (開(kāi)花), do they ?有些植物從不開(kāi)花,是嗎?

        4) 含有ought to 的反意疑問(wèn)句,陳述部分是肯定的,疑問(wèn)部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主語(yǔ)。例如:

        He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?他應(yīng)該知道該怎么做,是嗎?

        5) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑問(wèn)部分常用don't +主語(yǔ)(didn't +主語(yǔ))。例如:

        We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?我們必須在明天吧點(diǎn)到達(dá)哪兒,是嗎?

        6) 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to 時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分用didn't +主語(yǔ)或 usedn't +主語(yǔ)。例如:

        He used to live there, didn't he? / usedn't he?他原來(lái)住在這兒,是嗎?

        7)、陳述部分有must/cannot表示猜測(cè)時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。例如:

        He must be a doctor, isn't he?他肯定是醫(yī)生,是嗎?

        You must have studied English here for three years, haven't you? 你一定在這兒學(xué)了三年英語(yǔ),是嗎?

        He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?你們昨天肯定干完了,是嗎?

        He can’t have come yesterday, did he?他昨天不可能來(lái)了,是嗎?

        8)、陳述部分由neither… nor, either… or 連接的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。例如:

        Neither you nor I am an engineer, are we?我們兩個(gè)都不是工程師,對(duì)嗎?

        9)、陳述部分主語(yǔ)是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)用it。例如:

        Everything is ready, isn't it?一切都準(zhǔn)備好了,是嗎?

        10)、陳述部分是并列復(fù)合句,疑問(wèn)部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語(yǔ)而定。例如:

        Mr. Smith has been to Beijing for several times, and he is now there on business, isn't he?史密斯先生到北京去過(guò)好幾次,并且他現(xiàn)在就在那兒出差,是嗎?

        11)、帶有定語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句或狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句,疑問(wèn)部分要根據(jù)主句而定。例如:

        He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?他不是給我們作報(bào)告的那個(gè)人,是嗎?

        He said he would visit Japan the next year, didn't he?他說(shuō)他明年要訪問(wèn)日本,是嗎?

        12)、陳述部分主句主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)“We/I”,且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句。例如:

        I don't think he is right, is he?我認(rèn)為他不對(duì),是嗎?

        We believe she can do it better, can't she?我們相信他會(huì)做得更好,不是嗎?

        13)、陳述部分主語(yǔ)是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等,疑問(wèn)部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they,有時(shí)也用單數(shù)he。例如:

        Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)大家都知道答案,是嗎?

        Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)誰(shuí)也不知道這件事,是嗎?

        14) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need的反意疑問(wèn)句,疑問(wèn)部分常用 need (dare ) +主語(yǔ),而作為行為動(dòng)詞要加助動(dòng)詞。例如:

        We need not do it again, need we ?(We do not need to do it again, need we ?)這件事我們不必再做了,是嗎?

        She daren’t go home alone, does she?(She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?)她不敢一個(gè)人回家,是嗎?

        15)、 省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句,疑問(wèn)部分用will you。Let's 開(kāi)頭的祈使句,后用shall we? Let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句,后用will you? 例如:

        Don't do that again, will you?不要再做了,行嗎?

        Go with me, will you / won't you ?和我一起去,好嗎?

        Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?咱們?nèi)ヂ?tīng)音樂(lè),好嗎

        Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?請(qǐng)您讓我們?cè)陂営[室等您,好嗎?

        16) 陳述部分是"there be"結(jié)構(gòu)的,疑問(wèn)部分用there省略主語(yǔ)代詞。例如:

        There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?你的手表壞了,是嗎?

        There will not be any trouble, will there?不會(huì)再有麻煩了,是嗎?

        17)  否定前綴不能視為否定詞,其反意疑問(wèn)句仍用否定形式。例如:

        It is impossible, isn't it?不可能的,是嗎?

        He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?他很和善,是嗎?

        18)、在口語(yǔ)中為了寒暄、不滿、懷疑或證實(shí)事實(shí),有時(shí)用同向反義問(wèn)句。例如:

        It’s fine, is it? 正是個(gè)好天氣,是嗎?

        You can’t do it now, can’t you? 你現(xiàn)在不能做,是嗎?

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