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      初中英語常見的副詞歸納

      時(shí)間: 欣怡1112 分享

        初中英語有不少副詞知識(shí)點(diǎn),想要學(xué)好副詞需要做好知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納。以下是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編分享給大家的初中英語常見的副詞,希望可以幫到你!

        初中英語常見的副詞

        1.一般副詞主要分為以下幾種:

       ?、?時(shí)間副詞, 如: often, always, early, now

       ?、?地點(diǎn)副詞, 如: here, there, above, outside

       ?、?方式副詞, 如: hard, well, badly, fast, slowly

       ?、?程度副詞, 如: very, quite, much, still, almost

        2.疑問副詞(放在特殊疑問句的句首), 如: how, when, where, why

        3.關(guān)系副詞(放在定語從句句首), 如: when, where, why

        4.連接副詞(放在名詞從句句首), 如: how, when, where, why, whether

        一、副詞在句中的作用: 副詞修飾動(dòng)詞, 形容詞, 名詞, 副詞或全句, 在句中的作用如下

        1.作狀語:

        You should always review your lessons.

        He works hard. 他工作努力。

        2.作表語: The class is over.

        3.作定語: 副詞作定語時(shí)置于被修飾詞之后

        The comrades here give us a lot of help.

        4.作補(bǔ)語(包括賓語補(bǔ)足語和主語補(bǔ)足語):

        I found all the lights on when I got home last night.

        二、副 詞 的 比 較 等 級:

        副詞和形容詞一樣,也有它的比較級和最高級形式,并且變化規(guī)則也是一樣的。

        單音節(jié)副詞的比較級是在副詞后面加上 -er 構(gòu)成的,最高級是在副詞后面加上 -est 構(gòu)成的。例如:near nearer nearest

        多音節(jié)副詞(多以 -ly 結(jié)尾)的比較級是在副詞的前面加上 -more 構(gòu)成的。 最高級是在副詞前面加上 -most 構(gòu)成的.例如;warmly   more warmly   most warmly

        有些副詞的比較級和最高級形式是不規(guī)則的:

        well-better - best little - less - least

        much- more - most badly - worse - worst

        far-farther(further)-farthest(furthest)

        副詞的比較級和最高級用法同形容詞的比較級用法基本一樣,兩者比較用比較級,三者或以上用最高級,但是副詞最高級形式句中 the 可以省略。例如:

        Lucy gets up earlier than Lili. 露西比麗麗起床早。

        He runs fastest in our class. 他在我們班跑地最快。

        當(dāng)然,形容詞比較等級的各個(gè)特殊用法,也同樣適用于副詞。比如“the + 比較級……,the + 比較級……”,表示“越……,越……”:He was too tired that he ran more and more slowly.他太累了以至于跑的越來越慢。

        常見考法

        對于副詞的考查,多以單選或詞語運(yùn)用的形式考查學(xué)生在具體語境中靈活運(yùn)用副詞的能力,尤其是在各種比較句型中靈活運(yùn)用副詞。例如:

        He walked (quiet) into the classroom.

        解析:本題考查學(xué)生是否能熟練分辨形容詞和副詞的用法。“輕輕地走進(jìn)”,副詞修飾動(dòng)詞,所以quiet變?yōu)楦痹~quietly,.我們要牢記“動(dòng)+副”這種結(jié)構(gòu)。

        答案:quietly

        誤區(qū)提醒

        象friendly , lovely 雖然以 ly 結(jié)尾,但實(shí)則是形容詞,She is friendly to me (她對我很友好。)可千萬不要誤認(rèn)為是副詞喲!. 另外,early的比較等級為規(guī)則變化, early -earlier -earliest,要記住啊!

        例題:My mother often gets up (早)than me.

        解析:很明顯是兩人對比,所以應(yīng)用比較級,early 的比較等級為規(guī)則變化,early -earlier 。

        答案:earlier

        初中英語副詞的分類

        1、 時(shí)間和頻度副詞:

        now,then,often,always,usually,early,today,lately,next,last,already,generally,frequently, seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too, immediately, hardly,finally,shortly, before, ago,sometimes, yesterday.

        2、 地點(diǎn)副詞:

        here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on.

        3、方式副詞:

        carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly

        4、 程度副詞,放在被修飾詞之前:

        much,little, very,rather,so,too,still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely,almost, slightly.

        5、 疑問副詞,一般放在句首:

        how, when, where, why.

        6、關(guān)系副詞,一般放在句首:

        when, where, why.

        7、連接副詞:

        how, when, where, why, whether.

        初中也要重點(diǎn)副詞注釋

        1.as…as…常構(gòu)成一些詞組:as soon as…(一旦…就…), as well as…(同樣), as+形容詞/副詞+as possible(盡可能……地)。如:Please ring me up as soon as you get to Beijing.(請你一到北京就給我寫信。)/ Miss Gao hurried to the school gate as quickly as possible.(高小姐盡快地趕到了校門口。)

        [注釋] "as long / much as + 名詞"可以表示"長達(dá)/多達(dá)…"的含義。如:The house costs as much as five hundred thousand yuan.(那幢房子花費(fèi)高達(dá)50萬元。)/ They stayed in the cave(山洞)as long as two weeks.(他們呆在山洞里長達(dá)兩周。)

        2. later、after、ago、before的用法:①"一段時(shí)間+later/ago"分別表示"(多久)以后/以前",主要用于過去時(shí)態(tài)。②"after/before+某個(gè)時(shí)刻"分別表示"在某時(shí)刻之后/之前",此時(shí)兩個(gè)詞是介詞。③ago與before:ago只能用于過去時(shí),before用于完成時(shí)。如:He had an accident a week ago.(一周前出了一個(gè)事故)/ Some years later, the boy became a very famous singer.(數(shù)年后這個(gè)男孩成了著名的歌唱家)/ Have you been there before?(你從前到過那兒嗎?)/ After a few years he gave up smoking.(過了幾年他戒了煙。)

        3.above、below、over、under的用法:在上下方用above和below,在高低處用over和under.如:The stars are high above in the sky.(星星高掛在空中) / A plane flew over quickly.(一架飛機(jī)從頭頂飛過。)

        當(dāng)above、below、over、under是介詞性質(zhì)時(shí),意義相似。

        4. too、also、either、nor的用法:too("也")用于肯定句和疑問句的末尾,且用逗號(hào)隔開;also("也")用于肯定句句子謂語動(dòng)詞之前;either("也")用于否定句末尾,也用逗號(hào)隔開;nor("也不")用于倒裝句句首;如:Are you American,too?(你也是美國人嗎?)/ He is not happy and I am not happy, either.(他不愉快,我也不。) / He didn't watch the football game. Nor did I.(他沒有看足球賽,我也沒有。)/ You can also find the market is very good.(你還可以發(fā)覺那個(gè)市場很好。)

        5. enough、too、so、very、quite、very much的用法: enough ("足夠,十分")放在形容詞或副詞之后;too("太")、very("非常")、quite("相當(dāng)")、so("如此地")等放在形容詞或副詞之前,very much("非常")放在動(dòng)詞之后。如:It's too/so/very/quite expensive.(它太貴/那么貴/非常貴/相當(dāng)貴。)/ I don't like sweets very much.(我不很喜歡糖果)

        [注意] very與 much的區(qū)別:very修飾形容詞、副詞的原級和現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞,much修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級;much還可以修飾疑問句和否定句中的動(dòng)詞,very不可以。如:He is very stupid.(他很笨)/ The film was very moving and everyone swept.(電影非常動(dòng)人,大家都哭了)/ You must work much harder or you will fail to enter the good school.(你得學(xué)習(xí)更努力,不然你考不進(jìn)那所好學(xué)校)/ I don't like him much.(我不太喜歡他)

        6. sometimes、 sometime、 some times 、some time的用法:sometimes(有時(shí))用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、 sometime(在將來某時(shí))用于將來時(shí)、 some times(數(shù)次)表示次數(shù)、some time(一些時(shí)間)表示一段時(shí)間。如:Sometimes they go hiking in the mountains.(他們有時(shí)徒步旅行到山里去)/ I will stay here some time.(我會(huì)在這兒呆些時(shí)候的。)/ I will meet your father sometime.(我什么時(shí)候要見見你的父親。)

        7. how、what用于感嘆句的用法:對句子中的形容詞或副詞感嘆時(shí)用how,對人或事物(可能含有形容詞作修飾語)進(jìn)行感嘆用what. 如:What a fine day (it is) today!(今天天氣真好!) / How difficult (the problem is)!((問題)真難呀!)

        8.already、yet的用法:在完成時(shí)中,already一般用于肯定句,yet一般用于否定句和疑問句。如:Have you done it already?(你已經(jīng)做好了?) / I have not had my breakfast yet.(我還沒有吃早飯呢。)

        9. hard與hardly的用法:hard作為副詞意思是:"努力地,猛烈地",hardly是否定詞,意思是:"幾乎不",一般與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/could連用。如:They study English very hard.(他們英語學(xué)得很刻苦)/ You can hardly see a person spit in a public place.(在公共場所你幾乎看不到一個(gè)人隨地吐痰)

        10. like...very much、like...better(=prefer)、like...best的用法:三個(gè)短語分別表示"非常喜歡"、"更喜歡"、"最喜歡"。如:I like baseball very much.(我非常喜歡棒球)/ Do you like butter better than cheese?( / They like hamburgers best.

        11."quite/what+a+形容詞+名詞"的用法:記住:①quite/such/what...+a+形容詞+名詞;②too/so/how+形容詞+a+名詞;③rather+a+形容詞+名詞 = a+ rather+形容詞+名詞。如:I have never seen such a strange guy(家伙).(我從未見過這樣奇怪的家伙) / It is quite a nice day for a walk.(這真是散步的好日子)

        中考重點(diǎn)副詞注釋

        1.as…as…常構(gòu)成一些詞組:as soon as…(一旦…就…), as well as…(同樣), as+形容詞/副詞+as possible(盡可能……地)。如:Please ring me up as soon as you get to Beijing.(請你一到北京就給我寫信。)/ Miss Gao hurried to the school gate as quickly as possible.(高小姐盡快地趕到了校門口。)

        [注釋] "as long / much as + 名詞"可以表示"長達(dá)/多達(dá)…"的含義。如:The house costs as much as five hundred thousand yuan.(那幢房子花費(fèi)高達(dá)50萬元。)/ They stayed in the cave(山洞)as long as two weeks.(他們呆在山洞里長達(dá)兩周。)

        2. later、after、ago、before的用法:①"一段時(shí)間+later/ago"分別表示"(多久)以后/以前",主要用于過去時(shí)態(tài)。②"after/before+某個(gè)時(shí)刻"分別表示"在某時(shí)刻之后/之前",此時(shí)兩個(gè)詞是介詞。③ago與before:ago只能用于過去時(shí),before用于完成時(shí)。如:He had an accident a week ago.(一周前出了一個(gè)事故)/ Some years later, the boy became a very famous singer.(數(shù)年后這個(gè)男孩成了著名的歌唱家)/ Have you been there before?(你從前到過那兒嗎?)/ After a few years he gave up smoking.(過了幾年他戒了煙。)

        3.above、below、over、under的用法:在上下方用above和below,在高低處用over和under.如:The stars are high above in the sky.(星星高掛在空中) / A plane flew over quickly.(一架飛機(jī)從頭頂飛過。)

        當(dāng)above、below、over、under是介詞性質(zhì)時(shí),意義相似。

        4. too、also、either、nor的用法:too("也")用于肯定句和疑問句的末尾,且用逗號(hào)隔開;also("也")用于肯定句句子謂語動(dòng)詞之前;either("也")用于否定句末尾,也用逗號(hào)隔開;nor("也不")用于倒裝句句首;如:Are you American,too?(你也是美國人嗎?)/ He is not happy and I am not happy, either.(他不愉快,我也不。) / He didn't watch the football game. Nor did I.(他沒有看足球賽,我也沒有。)/ You can also find the market is very good.(你還可以發(fā)覺那個(gè)市場很好。)

        5. enough、too、so、very、quite、very much的用法: enough ("足夠,十分")放在形容詞或副詞之后;too("太")、very("非常")、quite("相當(dāng)")、so("如此地")等放在形容詞或副詞之前,very much("非常")放在動(dòng)詞之后。如:It's too/so/very/quite expensive.(它太貴/那么貴/非常貴/相當(dāng)貴。)/ I don't like sweets very much.(我不很喜歡糖果)

        [注意] very與 much的區(qū)別:very修飾形容詞、副詞的原級和現(xiàn)在分詞形容詞,much修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級;much還可以修飾疑問句和否定句中的動(dòng)詞,very不可以。如:He is very stupid.(他很笨)/ The film was very moving and everyone swept.(電影非常動(dòng)人,大家都哭了)/ You must work much harder or you will fail to enter the good school.(你得學(xué)習(xí)更努力,不然你考不進(jìn)那所好學(xué)校)/ I don't like him much.(我不太喜歡他)

        6. sometimes、 sometime、 some times 、some time的用法:sometimes(有時(shí))用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、 sometime(在將來某時(shí))用于將來時(shí)、 some times(數(shù)次)表示次數(shù)、some time(一些時(shí)間)表示一段時(shí)間。如:Sometimes they go hiking in the mountains.(他們有時(shí)徒步旅行到山里去)/ I will stay here some time.(我會(huì)在這兒呆些時(shí)候的。)/ I will meet your father sometime.(我什么時(shí)候要見見你的父親。)

        7. how、what用于感嘆句的用法:對句子中的形容詞或副詞感嘆時(shí)用how,對人或事物(可能含有形容詞作修飾語)進(jìn)行感嘆用what. 如:What a fine day (it is) today!(今天天氣真好!) / How difficult (the problem is)!((問題)真難呀!)

        8.already、yet的用法:在完成時(shí)中,already一般用于肯定句,yet一般用于否定句和疑問句。如:Have you done it already?(你已經(jīng)做好了?) / I have not had my breakfast yet.(我還沒有吃早飯呢。)

        9. hard與hardly的用法:hard作為副詞意思是:"努力地,猛烈地",hardly是否定詞,意思是:"幾乎不",一般與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/could連用。如:They study English very hard.(他們英語學(xué)得很刻苦)/ You can hardly see a person spit in a public place.(在公共場所你幾乎看不到一個(gè)人隨地吐痰)

        10. like...very much、like...better(=prefer)、like...best的用法:三個(gè)短語分別表示"非常喜歡"、"更喜歡"、"最喜歡"。如:I like baseball very much.(我非常喜歡棒球)/ Do you like butter better than cheese?( / They like hamburgers best.

        11."quite/what+a+形容詞+名詞"的用法:記住:①quite/such/what...+a+形容詞+名詞;②too/so/how+形容詞+a+名詞;③rather+a+形容詞+名詞 = a+ rather+形容詞+名詞。如:I have never seen such a strange guy(家伙).(我從未見過這樣奇怪的家伙) / It is quite a nice day for a walk.(這真是散步的好日子)

        12. how 的幾個(gè)短語:how often"多常,每隔多久",用于一般時(shí)態(tài),對表示頻度的詞語進(jìn)行提問; how soon"多久以后",用于將來時(shí)態(tài); how long"多久",用于過去時(shí)、完成時(shí)或其他時(shí)態(tài); how many times"多少次",用于過去時(shí)或完成時(shí),對總計(jì)次數(shù)進(jìn)行提問; how much"多么,多少",對程度進(jìn)行提問,也可以對數(shù)量(不可數(shù))或金錢進(jìn)行提問。如:How long have you been like this?(你這樣已經(jīng)多久了?)/ How often does he wash his face?(他每隔多久洗一次臉?)

        13. much、more與most的用法:這三個(gè)詞除了是形容詞作名詞的修飾語之外,還是程度副詞,much表示"很",修飾原級形/副,more表示"更"用來構(gòu)成多音節(jié)形/副的比較級,most表示"最"用來構(gòu)成多音節(jié)形/副的最高級。此外,much也可以修飾比較級形/副。如:This park is much more beautiful than that one.(這個(gè)公園比那個(gè)漂亮多了)/ It is the most instructive film I have ever seen.(這是我看過的最有教育意義的電影)

        14. no more、no longer、not...any more、no...any longer的用法:表示時(shí)間,可以用no longer、not...ny more、no...any longer,而且no longer只能放在謂語動(dòng)詞之前;表示程度,可以用no more、not...any more.如:He no longer lived there.(他不再住在那里) / Tom wanted no more cakes.(他不想再要蛋糕) / He didn' t smoke any more/longer.(他不再抽煙)

        15.被動(dòng)語態(tài)中,方式副詞一般放在be與謂語動(dòng)詞之間。如: The runner was badly hurt.(賽跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員受了重傷) / English is widely spoken in the world today.(如今世界上英語說得很廣泛)

        16.too...to...與so...that...的問題:副詞too/so后面跟形容詞或副詞,to后面跟動(dòng)詞,that后面跟從句。Too...to... ("太.……以致不……")是否定的結(jié)構(gòu),用于簡單句;so...that...("如此…以致…")是肯定結(jié)構(gòu),用于復(fù)合句。如:The child is too young to join the army.(這孩子年齡太小還不能參軍)/ He is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.(他這么強(qiáng)壯,搬得動(dòng)那個(gè)重箱子。)

        17. 既是形容詞也是副詞的單詞有:early, late, long, last, next, first, near, enough, much, all, hard, alone, fast, slow, high, low, straight等等。如:It was a long holiday.(那是個(gè)長假)/ He stayed there very long.(他在那兒呆了好久)/ Think hard then you will find a way.(好好想你就會(huì)找到辦法)/ He is a very hard(難對付的) person.(他是個(gè)難玩的家伙)

        18. farther與further的用法區(qū)別:表示地點(diǎn)、方向或距離時(shí)兩個(gè)詞同義,意思為"更遠(yuǎn)、較遠(yuǎn)",但是further還表示"更多、進(jìn)一步、額外"等意思,此時(shí)不能換為farther. 如:They decided to go farther/further the next day.(他們決定第二天走得再遠(yuǎn)些)/ This problem will be further discussed.(這個(gè)問題還要進(jìn)一步討論)/ Every one of them had their further studies after they left college.(他們每個(gè)人大學(xué)畢業(yè)后繼續(xù)進(jìn)修)

        19. rather與quite的用法區(qū)別:同very一樣,兩個(gè)詞都表示形容詞或副詞的程度,quite表示"不到最高程度但是比預(yù)料的好",rather比quite更接近very的含義,含有令人驚訝的意思。見下圖對"nice"程度的描繪:

        not nice (fairly) nice quite nice rather nice very nice

        如:It's quite a nice film.(這是部好片子)。(可能意味著不是一部最好的電影) / It's rather a nice film.(這是部很不錯(cuò)的電影。)(意味著比大多數(shù)電影都好)

        [注意]注意quite與rather后面的次序詞序。

        20. maybe、possibly、perhaps的區(qū)別:maybe"可能、也許",比另外兩個(gè)詞更不正式、更隨便、可能性不大;possibly"可能地、或者、也許",可能性較大,在否定句和疑問句中表示"無論如何";perhaps"可能",較為常用而且正式,可能性也不大。如:You could put it over there,maybe.(也許你可以把它放在那邊) / I couldn't possibly have finished such a long book in such a short time.(我不可能在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成這么長的一本書)/ I thought perhaps it was the letter you have been expecting.(我以為那也許就是你期盼的信件)

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