小升初英語語法知識點總結
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小升初英語語法知識點總結:讓步狀語從句
1)though, although引導的讓步狀語從句,后面的從句不能有but,但是 though 和yet可連用。例如:
Although it's raining, they are still working in the field. 雖然在下雨,但他們仍在地里干活。
He is very old, but he still works very hard. 雖然他很老了,但仍然努力地工作。
Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain. 傷口雖愈合,但傷疤留下了。(諺語)
2) as, though 引導的讓步從句必須表語或狀語提前(形容詞、副詞、分詞、實義動詞提前)。例如:
Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. 雖然是個小孩,該做什么不做什么,他全知道。
3) ever if, even though 即使。例如:
We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad. 即使天氣不好,我們也要去遠足。
4) whether…or… 不管……都。例如:
Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 信不信由你,這確實是真的。
5) "no matter +疑問詞" 或"疑問詞+后綴ever" .例如:
No matter what happened, he would not mind. =Whatever happened, he would not mind. 不管發(fā)生什么,他不在意。
替換:no matter what = whatever
no matter who = whoever
no matter when = whenever
no matter where = wherever
no matter which = whichever
no matter how = however
注意:no matter 不能引導主語從句和賓語從句。
(錯)No matter what you say is of no use now.
(對)Whatever you say is of no use now. 你現(xiàn)在說什么也沒用了。(Whatever you say是主語從句)
(錯)Prisoners have to eat no matter what they're given,
(對)Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given.囚犯們只能給什么吃什么。
小升初英語語法知識點總結:倒裝
全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語動詞全部置于主語之前。此結構通常只用于一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。常見的結構有:
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置于句首, 謂語動詞常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示來去或狀態(tài)的動詞。例如:
Then came the chairman. 那時總裁來了。
Here is your letter. 你的信。
2) 表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置于句首,謂語表示運動的動詞。例如:
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轟炸機肚底下竄出一枚導彈。
Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐著一個老嫗。
注意:上述全部倒裝的句型結構的主語必須是名詞,如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。例如:
Here he comes. 他來了。
Away they went. 他們走開了。
小升初英語語法知識點總結:方式狀語從句
方式狀語從句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引導。
1)as, (just) as…so…引導的方式狀語從句通常位于主句后,但在(just) as…so…結構中位于句首,這時as從句帶有比喻的含義,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文體。例如:
Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎樣待你,你就要怎樣待人。
As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我們離不開空氣,猶如魚兒離不開水。
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
正如打掃房屋一樣,我們也要掃除我們頭腦中落后的東西。
2)as if, as though
兩者的意義和用法相同,引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣,表示與事實相反,有時也用陳述語氣,表示所說情況是事實或實現(xiàn)的可能性較大。漢譯常作"仿佛……似的","好像……似的".例如:
They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 他們完全忽略了這些事實,就仿佛它不存在似的。(與事實相反,謂語用虛擬語氣。)
He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting. 他那樣子就像被雷擊了似的。(與事實相反,謂語用虛擬語氣。)
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看來天氣很快就會好起來。(實現(xiàn)的可能性較大,謂語用陳述語氣。)
說明:as if / as though也可以引導一個分詞短語、不定式短語或無動詞短語。例如:
He stared at me as if seeing me for first time. 他目不轉睛地看著我,就像第一次看見我似的。
He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子,像要說什么似的。
The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. 波濤沖擊著巖石,好像很憤怒。
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