英文知識(shí)積累
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英語(yǔ)課外閱讀1
The first new college class since the election ofDonald J. Trump has arrived on campus, and newnumbers confirm what the higher education industryhad feared: Fewer foreign students are coming to theUnited States.
唐納德·特朗普當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)后的第一批大學(xué)新生到校了，新的數(shù)據(jù)證實(shí)了高等教育產(chǎn)業(yè)的擔(dān)憂：赴美外國(guó)留學(xué)生數(shù)量下滑。
The number of newly arriving international studentsdeclined an average 7 percent in fall 2017, with 45 percent of campuses reporting drops in newinternational enrollment, according to a survey ofnearly 500 campuses across the country by the Institute of International Education.
根據(jù)國(guó)際教育協(xié)會(huì)(Institute of International Education)對(duì)全美近500所高校的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)，2017年秋季新入學(xué)的國(guó)際學(xué)生數(shù)量減少了7%，有45%的高校反映新入學(xué)的國(guó)際學(xué)生數(shù)量出現(xiàn)下降。
Experts cited an uncertain social and political climate in the United States as part of thereason for the decline in enrollment.
專家提出，美國(guó)社會(huì)和政治環(huán)境的不確定性是入學(xué)人數(shù)下降的原因之一。
“It’s a mix of factors,” said Rajika Bhandari, head of research for the institute, which collectsdata on international students in cooperation with the State Department. “Concerns aroundthe travel ban had a lot to do with concerns around personal safety based on a few incidentsinvolving international students, and a generalized concern about whether they’re safe.”
“這是多種因素的結(jié)合，”該協(xié)會(huì)的研究負(fù)責(zé)人拉吉卡·班達(dá)里(Rajika Bhandari)表示，該協(xié)會(huì)與美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院協(xié)作收集國(guó)際學(xué)生數(shù)據(jù)。“由于發(fā)生了幾起涉及國(guó)際學(xué)生的事件，人們對(duì)旅行禁令的擔(dān)憂很大程度上是對(duì)人身安全的擔(dān)憂，也有對(duì)自己是否安全的一種普遍擔(dān)憂。”
Another reason for the decline is increasing competition from countries like Canada, Britainand Australia, said Allan E. Goodman, president of the institute.
數(shù)據(jù)下滑的另一個(gè)原因是來自加拿大、英國(guó)、澳大利亞的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)在不斷加強(qiáng)，國(guó)際教育協(xié)會(huì)主席艾倫·E·古德曼(Allan E. Goodman)說道。
The figures released Monday also included final numbers for 2016-2017, which show robustinternational enrollment, with a record 1.08 million international students in the United States, an increase of 85 percent from a decade earlier.
周一發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)還包含了2016-2017年的最終數(shù)據(jù)，它們顯示國(guó)際學(xué)生入學(xué)人數(shù)增長(zhǎng)穩(wěn)健，美國(guó)的國(guó)際生數(shù)量達(dá)到創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的108萬人，比10年前增長(zhǎng)了85%。
Much of the record was driven by 175,000 students who have remained in the United Statesafter completing their degrees, in internship-type programs known as “optional practicaltraining.”
增長(zhǎng)主要來自在畢業(yè)后選擇留在美國(guó)參加“選擇性實(shí)習(xí)”(Optional Practical Training)項(xiàng)目的17.5萬名學(xué)生。
The 2016-2017 figures, though, revealed that first-time international students dropped 3 percent, indicating that the decline had begun before President Trump took office.
但2016-2017的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，國(guó)際學(xué)生已首次出現(xiàn)3%的下滑。這意味著在特朗普上臺(tái)之前就已經(jīng)開始下降。
The drop in new students signals potential financial difficulties for some small universities thathave come to rely on money from foreign students, who provide an infusion of billion intothe United States economy each year.
新入學(xué)學(xué)生的下降，預(yù)示著一些依靠外國(guó)學(xué)生、規(guī)模不大的高校有可能出現(xiàn)財(cái)政困難。外國(guó)學(xué)生每年為美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)貢獻(xiàn)390億美元(約合2600億人民幣)。
Particularly hard hit are campuses in the Midwest, according to the institute.
該機(jī)構(gòu)表示，中西部的高校受到的打擊尤其嚴(yán)重。
At the University of Iowa, overall international enrollment this fall was 3,564, down from 4,100 in 2015.
艾奧瓦大學(xué)(University of Iowa)今年秋季國(guó)際學(xué)生入學(xué)總數(shù)從2015年的4100人降為3564人。
Downing Thomas, the university’s dean of international programs, said that some other schoolsin the Big Ten are also experiencing declines, and none are seeing the rapid increases of therecent past.
艾奧瓦大學(xué)國(guó)際項(xiàng)目主任唐寧·托馬斯(Downing Thomas)表示，十大聯(lián)盟(Big Ten)中的其他高校也遭遇了人數(shù)下降，沒有一所學(xué)校還有不久前的那種快速增長(zhǎng)。
While Iowa primarily lost Chinese students, the University of Central Missouri experienced asharp decline this year in students from India, said Mike Godard, vice provost for enrollmentmanagement.
艾奧瓦大學(xué)減少的主要是中國(guó)學(xué)生，而中密蘇里大學(xué)(University of Central Missouri)負(fù)責(zé)招生工作的副教務(wù)長(zhǎng)麥克·戈達(dá)德(Mike Godard)表示，該校今年的印度學(xué)生數(shù)量驟降。
In the fall of 2016, the Warrensburg, Mo., university had 2,638 international students. This fallit has 944.
2016年秋，中密蘇里大學(xué)有2638名國(guó)際學(xué)生。今年秋季只有944名。
Dr. Godard said fewer students came from India partly because of a currency crisis in thecountry, but also because of concerns about the Trump administration’s travel ban affectingMuslim countries. India was not on that list, but Dr. Godard said many of the university’s Indianstudents were from Muslim areas of the country and were concerned about the ban.
戈達(dá)表示印度留學(xué)生減少的部分原因在于印度的貨幣危機(jī)，但也出于對(duì)特朗普政府涉及穆斯林國(guó)家的旅行禁令的擔(dān)憂。印度不在旅行禁令的國(guó)家名單上，但戈達(dá)德說，學(xué)校的許多印度學(xué)生都來自印度穆斯林地區(qū)，對(duì)禁令感到擔(dān)憂。
“Although India wasn’t listed as one of the countries, certainly feeling welcome and safe and allthose things is important,” he said. “It would be na?ve to say that wasn’t a contributingfactor.”
“盡管印度不在旅行禁令的國(guó)家名單上，但讓他們感到受歡迎、感到安全等那些事情上都非常重要。”他說，“如果說這不是其中的原因，那也太天真了。”
Prospective students from India — interviewed shortly after last year’s presidential election — have expressed fears about the racial climate in the United States, concerns that might havebeen heightened after the shooting death in February of an Indian engineer in a suburbanKansas City bar.
來自印度的預(yù)備學(xué)生——在總統(tǒng)大選后不久進(jìn)行面試的學(xué)生——表達(dá)了對(duì)美國(guó)種族大環(huán)境的擔(dān)憂。在今年二月一名印度工程師在堪薩斯城郊外酒吧被射殺后，人們的擔(dān)憂更甚。
A breakdown of declines by country was not yet available for fall 2017.
對(duì)2017年秋各國(guó)留學(xué)生下滑情況的分析尚未公布。
In fall 2016, the sharpest drops nationally from a year earlier involved students from Brazil andSaudi Arabia, which cut back on funding international scholarships.
截至2016年秋，從一年前開始留學(xué)生人數(shù)下滑最厲害的國(guó)家是巴西和沙特阿拉伯，兩國(guó)削減了國(guó)際獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金經(jīng)費(fèi)。
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