主語補(bǔ)足語如何辨別
主語補(bǔ)足語如何辨別
對于主語補(bǔ)足語，語法家們各有不同的看法。以下是由學(xué)習(xí)啦小編整理關(guān)于什么是主語補(bǔ)足語的內(nèi)容，希望大家喜歡!
主語補(bǔ)足語的簡介
主動(dòng)語態(tài)中的賓語補(bǔ)足語，可以轉(zhuǎn)化為被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的主語補(bǔ)足語。
eg. They caught the boy stealing. (stealing 作為賓語補(bǔ)足語)
轉(zhuǎn)化為被動(dòng)語態(tài)The boy was caught stealing. (stealing轉(zhuǎn)化為主語補(bǔ)足語)
主語補(bǔ)足語的關(guān)系
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語補(bǔ)足語與主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語補(bǔ)足語是密切相關(guān)的。例如：
(1) I saw him playing basketball yesterday.
(2) He was seen playing basketball yesterday.
句(1)中的含義不是我看見他，而是我看見他正在打籃球。playing basketball是賓語him的補(bǔ)足語。所以叫賓語補(bǔ)足語。
句(2)中的含義也不是他被看，而是別人看見他正在打籃球。這里的playing basketball是主語he的補(bǔ)足語，故稱作主語補(bǔ)足語。主語和主語補(bǔ)足語一起稱作復(fù)合主語。所以含有主語補(bǔ)足語的句子一般是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，謂語動(dòng)詞是可以接復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語)的及物動(dòng)詞。句首的主語就是主語補(bǔ)足語的邏輯主語。
主語補(bǔ)足語的形式
1. 動(dòng)詞elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名詞用作主語補(bǔ)足語。例如：
?、?The dog is called Karl.
?、?Coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.
③ He was found the right man for the job.
2. 動(dòng)詞keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容詞用作主語補(bǔ)足語。例如：
① The door was painted white.
?、?The old man was found weak.
?、?The classroom is always kept clean every day.
3. 動(dòng)詞see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后面接分詞用作主語補(bǔ)足語。例如：
① He is often heard reading English.
?、?The professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab.
?、?The glass was found broken.
④ The classroom was found crowded with people.
4.感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面接帶to的不定式用作主語補(bǔ)足語。例如：
?、?He was seen to come upstairs.
② Ice is known to be in a solid state.
?、?The spy was ordered to be hanged.
5.介詞短語用作主語補(bǔ)足語。例如：
?、?The books in the study must be kept in good order.
② He was found in good health.
?、?English is considered of great importance for us.
6. as后面接名詞、形容詞、分詞等用作主語補(bǔ)足語。例如：
?、?English is taken as a useful means for research work.
② The news is considered as true.
?、?The stool is usually thought as having four legs
?、?The vase is thought as broken.
7. 由what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句用作主語補(bǔ)足語。例如：
The boy has been made what he is.
主語補(bǔ)足語的判別方法
1.看句中的動(dòng)詞是不是可接復(fù)合賓語，而且是不是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，與此同時(shí)還要看其后部分的邏輯主語是不是句子的主語。
2. 另一種最簡單的方法是：如果還不能看出來就可以把全句改成主動(dòng)語態(tài)，加上一個(gè)主語we或people等。改成主動(dòng)語態(tài)后，看后面是不是變成了“賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”了，這樣我們就可以判別原句后面是不是主語補(bǔ)足語。例如：
被動(dòng)句：She was found reading in the library. (主語補(bǔ)足語)
主動(dòng)句：We found her reading in the library. (賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語)
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