含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài),即主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。接下來,小編給大家準(zhǔn)備了含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),歡迎大家參考與借鑒。
含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
We should plant many trees on the mountains.
我們應(yīng)該在山上種許多樹。
Many trees should be planted on the mountains.
應(yīng)該在山上種許多樹。
[第二關(guān)]構(gòu)成關(guān)
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化通過助動(dòng)詞be的變化來體現(xiàn)(我們將在第9單元作詳細(xì)介紹)。本單元學(xué)到的是含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),其結(jié)構(gòu)為“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”。如:
Teenagers1 should be allowed3 to go out with their friends.
應(yīng)該允許青少年和朋友外出。
[第三關(guān)]用法關(guān)
1. 不知道或沒有必要說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)或者大家都清楚動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)時(shí),常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如:
The children should be allowed to go to the movies with friends on Friday nights.
孩子們應(yīng)當(dāng)被允許星期五晚上和朋友們一起去看電影。
2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者,而不是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí),常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如:
Tables can be made4 of stone.
桌子可由石頭做成。
[第四關(guān)]句式關(guān)
含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí),應(yīng)在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加not;變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋾r(shí),應(yīng)將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞移到句首。如:
Waste5 paper should not be thrown here.
廢紙不應(yīng)該扔在這里。
Should it be done by Li Ming?
這件事應(yīng)該是李明干嗎?
[第五關(guān)]變法關(guān)
含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),要把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ);主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)椤扒閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞+助動(dòng)詞be+過去分詞”; 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)榻樵~by 的賓語(yǔ),放在句尾(如果不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者, by短語(yǔ)常可省略)。如:
Parents should allow2 fourteen-year-olds to choose their own6 clothes..
父母應(yīng)該允許十四歲的少年選擇他們自己的服裝。
→Fourteen-year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes (by parents)。
擴(kuò)展:each和every的區(qū)別是什么?
each與every都有“每個(gè)”的意思,但二者含義及語(yǔ)法功能不同,主要區(qū)別是:
1. each既可用作形容詞,又可用作代詞,在句中可以作定語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。
Each studen t has his own2 dictionary3 . (形容詞,定語(yǔ))
Each has hi s good point . (代詞,主語(yǔ))
Our head teacher had4 a ta lk with each of us . (代詞,賓語(yǔ))
The students each h ave a desk . (代詞,同位語(yǔ))
The children can have a b ag each . (副詞,狀語(yǔ))
2. each與every都可用作形容詞,在句中作定語(yǔ),但each更強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人或個(gè)別,every更強(qiáng)調(diào)全體或全部。比較:
I know each number of your family .
I know every number of your f amily .
3. each指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或事物中的“每個(gè)”;every是指許多人或事物的“全體”,與all的意思相近。試譯:
這條街上每邊都有很多商店。
[誤]There are ma ny shops on every side5 of the street .
[正]There a re many shops on each side of the street .
我給她父母每人 一件禮物。
[誤]I gave6 a present to every one of her par7 ents .
[正]I gave a present to each of her parents .
4. 指上下文提到過的確定數(shù)目中的“每一個(gè)”時(shí),要用each;如果上下文沒有提及時(shí),不能用each,要用everyone等。試譯:
我認(rèn)為這三個(gè)答案?jìng)€(gè)個(gè)都正確。
[誤]I think ever1 y answer of the three is right .
[正]I think each of the three answers is right .
我看見人人都忙著工作。
[誤]I saw8 each was9 bu sy with his work .
[正]I saw everyone was busy with his work .
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